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i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering (JELE)

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An Intelligent Base Link Recovery Management and Path Stability in Clustered Randomly Distributed Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
A High-Performance Dual Classifier Based Packet Classification Engine on FPGA
An Overview of Smart Grid Smart Meters with Fault Detection
Shopping Trolley for Automated Billing System with Pick and Place Mechanism using Image Processing
Flexing Frontiers: Pioneering Advances in Biosensors for Instant Health Insights

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Volume 11 Issue 2 December - February 2021

Research Paper

Implementation of Miniaturized Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications

N. Rajasekhar* , G. Vasundhara, A. Sahithi , Ch. Rushyendra Kumar , E. Mrudula

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jonnada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Rajasekhar, N., Vasundhara, G., Sahithi, A., Kumar, C. R., and Mrudula, E. (2021). Implementation of Miniaturized Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18372

Abstract

This paper presents a novel, close-packed coplanar waveguide fed Frequency Reconfigurable antenna. The substrate used in the proposed design is Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 with dimensions 15 mm x 8 mm. This has a thickness of 0.508 mm. The dependent variable, resonant frequency, is a function of current distribution which can be organized by integrating two switches on the surface of the antenna. All possible switch positions result in different current distributions which in turn change the resonant frequencies. The antenna design is simulated on Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio software (CST MWS). Over desired frequency bands, the presented antenna reveals an exceptional radiation patterns with positive gain. Good agreement between the theoretical and practical results exists with this design. With the proposed portable design, devices can be used for the Aeronautical Radio Navigation (4.3 Ghz), AMT fixed services (4.5 GHz), WLAN (5.2 GHz) Unlicensed WiMAX (5.8 GHz) and C-band Applications.

References

[1]. Ahmed, S., Tahir, F. A., Shamim, A., & Cheema, H. M. (2015). A compact kapton-based inkjet-printed multiband antenna for flexible wireless devices. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 14, 1802-1805. https://doi. org/10.1109/LAWP.2015.2424681

[2]. Anagnostou, D. E., Gheethan, A. A., Amert, A. K., & Whites, K. W. (2010). A direct-write printed antenna on paper-based organic substrate for flexible displays and WLAN applications. Journal of Display Technology, 6(11), 558-564. https://doi.org/10.1109/JDT.2010.2045474

[3]. Bhellar, B., & Tahir, F. A. (2015). Frequency reconfigurable antenna for hand-held wireless devices. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 9(13), 1412-1417.

[4]. Borhani, M., Rezaei, P., & Valizade, A. (2015). Design of a reconfigurable miniaturized microstrip antenna for switchable multiband systems. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 15, 822-825. https://doi.org/10.1109/ LAWP.2015.2476363

[5]. Boudaghi, H., Azarmanesh, M., & Mehranpour, M. (2012). A frequency-reconfigurable monopole antenna using switchable slotted ground structure. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 655-658. https://doi. org/10.1109/LAWP.2012.2204030

[6]. Cetiner, B. A., Crusats, G. R., Jofre, L., & Biyikli, N. (2009). RF MEMS integrated frequency reconfigurable annular slot antenna. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 58(3), 626-632. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2009.2039300

[7]. Chen, G., Yang, X. L., & Wang, Y. (2012). Dual-band frequency-reconfigurable folded slot antenna for wireless communications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 1386-1389. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2012. 2227293

[8]. Del Barrio, S. C., Foroozanfard, E., Morris, A., & Pedersen, G. F. (2017). Tunable handsena: Enhancing efficiency on TV white spaces. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 65(4), 2106-2111. https://doi. org/10.1109/TAP.2017.2662221

[9]. Ge, L., & Luk, K. M. (2014). Frequency-reconfigurable low-profile circular monopolar patch antenna. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 62(7), 3443- 3449. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2014.2359199

[10]. Gheethan, A. A., & Anagnostou, D. E. (2012). Dual band-reject UWB antenna with sharp rejection of narrow and closely-spaced bands. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 60(4), 2071-2076. https://doi.org/10.11 09/TAP.2012.2186221

[11]. Han, L., Wang, C., Chen, X., & Zhang, W. (2016). Compact frequency-reconfigurable slot antenna for wireless applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 15, 1795-1798. https://doi.org/10.11 09/LAWP.2016.2536778

[12]. Hassan, M. U., Arshad, F., Naqvi, S. I., Amin, Y., & Tenhunen, H. (2017). A Compact Flexible and Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Quintuple Applications. Radioengineering, 26(3). 655-661. https://doi.org/10.131 64/re.2017.0655

[13]. Li, P. K., Shao, Z. H., Wang, Q., & Cheng, Y. J. (2014a). Frequency-and pattern-reconfigurable antenna for multistandard wireless applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 14, 333-336. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2359196

[14]. Li, T., Zhai, H., Li, L., & Liang, C. (2014b). Frequencyreconfigurable bow-tie antenna with a wide tuning range. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 13, 1549- 1552. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2014.2344676

[15]. Li, T., Zhai, H., Wang, X., Li, L., & Liang, C. (2014c). Frequency-reconfigurable bow-tie antenna for Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 14, 171-174. https://doi.org/10.1109/ LAWP.2014.2359199

[16]. Majid, H. A., Rahim, M. K. A., Hamid, M. R., & Ismail, M. F. (2012). A compact frequency-reconfigurable narrowband microstrip slot antenna. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 616-619. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/LAWP.2012.22t anten02869

[17]. Row, J. S., & Lin, T. Y. (2010). Frequency-reconfigurable coplanar patch antenna with conical radiation. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 9, 1088-1091. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2010.2093118

[18]. Saeed, S. M., Balanis, C. A., & Birtcher, C. R. (2016). Inkjet-printed flexible reconfigurable antenna for conformal WLAN/WiMAX wireless devices. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 15, 1979-1982. https:// doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2016.2547338

[19]. Sallam, M. O., Kandil, S. M., Volski, V., Vandenbosch, G. A., & Soliman, E. A. (2016, April). 2.4/5 GHz WLAN th crescent antenna on flexible substrate. In 2016, 10 European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) (pp. 1-3). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/EuCAP.20 16.7481498

[20]. Shah, S. A. A., Khan, M. F., Ullah, S., Basir, A., Ali, U., & Naeem, U. (2017). Design and measurement of planar monopole antennas for multi-band wireless applications. IETE Journal of Research, 63(2), 194-204. https://doi.org/10. 1080/03772063.2016.1261049

[21]. Yang, X. L., Lin, J. C., Chen, G., & Kong, F. L. (2014). Frequency reconfigurable antenna for wireless communications using GaAs FET switch. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 14, 807-810. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2380436

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Research Paper

Smart Agricultural Monitoring and Irrigation System using IoT

K. Mohanapriya* , Balasubramaniyan **

*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.R.S College of Engineering and Technology, Arasur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mohanapriya, K., and Balasubramaniyan. (2021). Smart Agricultural Monitoring and Irrigation System using IoT. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18179

Abstract

Agricultural sector today face serious irrigation problems, due to overuse of water and scarcity of water, especially in developing countries. Over and under watering can damage the crop. This work proposes a smart agriculture and irrigation monitoring system equipped with IoT. In this paper, an IoT platform based on ThingSpeak and NodeMCU is demonstrated, which will help the farmer to control the irrigation by using a PC or Smartphone from anywhere and anytime, to monitor the moisture and temperature parameter and reduce their efforts, and optimize the use of water. The sensor value is sent to the IoT platform, and if the value is below the threshold value, an email notification will be sent to the user to take appropriate action.

References

[1]. Benyezza, H., Bouhedda, M., Djellout, K., & Saidi, A. (2018, November). Smart irrigation system based ThingSpeak and Arduino. In 2018, International Conference on Applied Smart Systems (ICASS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASS.2018.8651993

[2]. Bogdan, M. (2016). How to use the DHT22 sensor for measuring temperature and humidity with the Arduino board. Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Technical Series, 68(1) 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2016-0005

[3]. Monica, M., Yeshika, B., Abhishek, G. S., Sanjay, H. A., & Dasiga, S. (2017, October). IoT based control and automation of smart irrigation system: An automated irrigation system using sensors, GSM, Bluetooth and cloud technology. In 2017, International Conference on recent innovations in signal processing and embedded systems (RISE) (pp. 601-607). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RISE.20 17.8378224

[4]. Namala, K. K., AV, K. K. P., Math, A., Kumari, A., & Kulkarni, S. (2016, December). Smart irrigation with embedded system. In 2016, IEEE Bombay Section Symposium (IBSS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ IBSS.2016.7940199 .

[5]. Nigam, H., Saini, A. K., Banerjee, S., & Kumar, A. (2019, October). Indoor Environment Air quality Monitoring and its Notification to Building Occupants. In TENCON 2019-2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) (pp. 2444-2448). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2019.892923

[6]. Pandit, A. (2019, July 15). IoT based smart irrigation system using soil moisture sensor and ESP8266 NodeMCU. Circuit Digest. Retrieved from https://circuitdigest.com/ microcontroller-projects/iot-based-smart-irrigation-systemusing- esp8266-and-soil-moisture-sensor

[7]. Pernapati, K. (2018, April). IoT based low cost smart irrigation system. In 2018, Second International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT) (pp. 1312-1315). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICCT.2018.8473292

[8]. Shruthi, G., Kumari, B. S., Rani, R. P., & Preyadharan, R. (2017, April). A-real time smart sprinkler irrigation control system. In 2017, IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Instrumentation and Communication Engineering (ICEICE) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10. 1109/ICEICE.2017.8191943

[9]. Shukla, A., & Jain, A. (2019). Smart Automated Farming System using IOT and Solar Panel. Science and Technology Journal, 7(2), 22-32. https://doi.org/10.22232/stj.2019.07. 02.03

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Research Paper

Intravenous Fluid Level Monitoring and Alerting System

Harini B. G. * , Mallika Senthil , Nishanthini R.*, Nithiaashree S. **, Neppalli Satish Chowdary *, Padmasini. N. ****

*-****** Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, India.

Harini, B. G., Senthil, M., Nishanthini, R., Nithiaashree, S., Chowdary, N. S., and Padmasini, N. (2021). Intravenous Fluid Level Monitoring and Alerting System. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18250

Abstract

The exponentially increasing population puts a lot of strain on our medical sector as the ratio of doctors to patients becomes increasingly disproportionate. Generally, doctors and nurses use their experience in the field to estimate the time it takes for an IV bottle to empty, and this makes intravenous therapy vulnerable to human error. In order to overcome the error, this paper proposes a non-invasive, GSM and IR based system. The difference in reflection of infrared rays from a fluid filled and empty IV bottle is the basis of this detection system. When the fluid level falls below set threshold, an alert message is sent to the central nursing station with the help of a GSM module. Its output holds good for all IV bottles irrespective of its size as it is made adjustable. On the whole, this system reduces the risk of emboli formation in blood and reverse blood flow.

References

[1]. Anagha, R., Ashwini, S., Keerthana, G., & Monica, M. (2020). IoT based intravenous flow monitoring system. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 7(05), 7539-7543.

[2]. Anand, M., Pradeep, M., Manoj, S., Arockia Raj, L. M., & Thamaraikani, P. (2018). Intravenous drip monitoring system. Indo-Iranian Journal of Scientific Research (IIJSR), 2(1), 106-113.

[3]. Aziz, K., Tarapiah, S., Ismail, S. H., & Atalla, S. (2016, March). Smart real-time healthcare monitoring and rd tracking system using GSM/GPS technologies. In 2016, 3 MEC International Conference on Big Data and Smart City (ICBDSC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBDSC.20 16.7460394

[4]. Gavimath, C. C., Bhat, K., Chayalakshmi, C. L., Hooli, R. S.,& Ravishankera, B. E. (2012). Design and development of versatile saline flow rate measuring system and GSM based remote monitoring device. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Applications, 3(1), 277-281.

[5]. Ghaderi, M., & Boutaba, R. (2006). Call admission control in mobile cellular networks: A comprehensive survey. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 6(1), 69-93. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcm.246

[6]. Ghosh, D., Agrawal, A., Prakash, N., & Goyal, P. (2018, September). Smart saline level monitoring system using ESP32 and MQTT-S. In 2018, IEEE 20th International Conference on e- Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.11 09/HealthCom.2018.8531172

[7]. Giaquinto, N., Scarpetta, M., Ragolia, M. A., & Pappalardi, P. (2020, June). Real-time drip infusion monitoring through a computer vision system. In 2020, IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[8]. Jindal, M., Gajjar, N., & Patel, N. (2021). IoT-based smart intravenous drip monitoring system. In Progress in Advanced Computing and Intelligent Engineering (pp. 463-468). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/97 8-981-33-4299-6_38

[9]. Keerthi, N. S., Raju, A., Sowmya, N., & Krishna, B. (2020). Intravenous infusion monitoring system. International Journal for Recent Development in Science & Technology, 4(03), 37-42.

[10]. Kumar, K. S., Abinaya, S., Abirami, M., Kesavan, S., & Sethu, S. (2018). Innovative intravenous fluid control and emergency monitoring system. International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing Science, 8(3), 44-51.

[11]. Oros, D., Penčić, M., Šulc, J., Čavić, M., Stankovski, S., Ostojić, G., & Ivanov, O. (2021). Smart intravenous infusion dosing system. Applied Sciences, 11(2), 513. https://doi. org/10.3390/app11020513

[12]. Rahnema, M. (1993). Overview of the GSM system and protocol architecture. IEEE Communications Magazine, 31(4), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1109/35.210402

[13]. Sardana, P., Kalra, M., & Sardana, A. (2019). Design, fabrication, and testing of an internet connected intravenous drip monitoring device. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, 8(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan801 0002

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Research Paper

Garbage Monitoring System using IoT

T. R. Vishnu Priya* , R. Nadhiya , N. Isha Gopika , V. P. M. B. Aarthi , M. Pandishree

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V. P. M. M. Engineering College for Women, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India.

Priya, T. R. V., Nadhiya, R., Gopika, N. I., Aarthi, V. P. M. P., and Pandishree, M. (2021). Garbage Monitoring System using IoT. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18093

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) eases life of people and their job smarter. IoT is an emerging technology creating entrepreneurs and startups. IoT connects people and products. Waste management is one of the major problems around us, causing pollution and affecting human health. Traditional way of managing waste in the waste bin is a cumbersome process for human efforts and time; applying newer technologies can improve human efforts and save cost. The proposed solution is implemented through IoT through which waste management can be automated. This garbage monitoring system is an automatic way of maintaining the city green, clean and healthy.

References

[1]. Abd Wahab, M. H., Kadir, A. A., Tomari, M. R., & Jabbar, M. H. (2014, October). Smart recycle bin: A conceptual approach of smart waste management with integrated web based system. In 2014, International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE. https:// doi.org/10.1109/ICITCS.2014.7021812

[2]. Yusof, N. M., Jidin, A. Z., & Rahim, M. I. (2017). Smart garbage monitoring system for waste management. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 97), 1-5. https://doi.org/ 10.1051/matecconf/20179701098

[3]. Bhor, V., Morajkar, P., Gurav, M., Pandya, D., & Deshpande, A. (2015). Smart garbage management system. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4(3), 1-10.

[4]. Chaware, S. M., Dighe, S., Joshi, A., Bajare, N., & Korke, R. (2017). Smart garbage monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT). International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering, 5(1), 74-77.

[5]. Kalpana, M., & Jayachitra, J. (2017). Intelligent bin management system for smart city using mobile application. Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST), 1(5), 172-175.

[6]. Kumar, N. S., Vuayalakshmi, B., Prarthana, R. J., & Shankar, A. (2016, November). IOT based smart garbage alert system using Arduino UNO. In 2016, IEEE Region 10 International Conference (TENCON) (pp. 1028-1034). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2016.7848162

[7]. Kumar, S. V., Kumaran, T. S., Kumar, A. K., & Mathapati, M. (2017, August). Smart garbage monitoring and clearance system using internet of things. In 2017, IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials (ICSTM) (pp. 184-189). IEEE. https:// doi.org/10.1109/ICSTM.2017.8089148

[8]. Lee, C. K. M., & Wu, T. (2014, December). Design and development waste management system in Hong Kong. In 2014, IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (pp. 798- 802). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2014.7058748

[9]. Mohamed, A., & Rahman, H. A. (2014). Study on public awareness towards recycling activity in Kota Bharu, Kelantan Malaysia. Advances in Environmental Biology, 8 (15), 19-24.

[10]. Prajakta, G., Kalyani, J., & Snehal, M. (2015). Smart garbage collection system in residential area. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 4(3), 122-124. https://doi.org/10.15623/ijret. 2015.0403021

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Research Paper

Automated Closed Loop Aquaponics

M. Mohammed Fazal* , B. Nithish Kumar , S. Sasi Kumar *

*-*** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Semmancheri, Tamil Nadu, India.

Fazal, M. M., Kumar, B. N., and Kumar, S. S. (2021). Automated Closed Loop Aquaponics. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18156

Abstract

This paper describes watering system for aquaponics made using STM-32 microcontroller based on ARM Cortex and used Arduino (IDE) software to communicate with multiple sensors and other hardware via IoT. The aquaponic system monitors and controls the environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, pH, and water level sensors and determines the necessary response such as fish feeding, alarm unit, and water circulation. The values are recorded in IoT via node MCU ESP8266. The proposed work is self-sustainable, cost effective for any small scale urban farm.

References

[1]. Ambrosio, A. Z. M. H., Jacob, L. H. M., Rulloda, L. A. R., Jose, J. A. C., Bandala, A. A., Sy, A., Dadios, E. P. (2019). Implementation of a closed loop control system for the automation of an aquaponic system for urban setting. In 2019, IEEE 11th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HNICEM48295.20 19.9072729

[2]. Buzby, K. M., Waterland, N. L., Semmens, K. J., & Lin, L. S. (2016). Evaluating aquaponic crops in a freshwater flowthrough fish culture system. Aquaculture, 460, 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.03.046

[3]. Dan, L. I. U., Xin, C., Chongwei, H., & Liangliang, J. (2015, December). Intelligent agriculture greenhouse environment monitoring system based on IoT technology. In 2015, International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data and Smart City (pp. 487-490). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITBS.2015.126

[4]. Dos Santos, M. J. P. L. (2016). Smart cities and urban areas—Aquaponics as innovative urban agriculture. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 20, 402-406. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ufug.2016.10.004

[5]. Lai, Y. L., Chang, L. C., & Lu, W. C. (2015, June). An RFID aquarium sensing system. In 2015, IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (pp. 272- 273). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE-TW.2015.7216894

[6]. Leatherbury, M. U. (2014, July). VEGILAB and aquaponics indoor growing system. In 2014, IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech) (pp.135-139). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SusTech.2014. 7046233

[7]. Shafeena, T. (2016). Smart aquaponics system: Challenges and opportunities. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 3(2), 52-55.

[8]. Tornaghi, C. (2014). Critical geography of urban agriculture. Progress in Human Geography, 38(4), 551-567. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0309132513512542

[9]. Variyar, V. S., Haridas, N., Aswathy, C., & Soman, K. P. (2016). Pi Doctor: A low cost aquaponics plant health monitoring system using Infragram technology and Raspberry Pi. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Soft Computing Systems (pp. 909-917). New Delhi, India: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81- 322-2671-0_86

[10]. Wongkiew, S., Hu, Z., Chandran, K., Lee, J. W., & Khanal, S. K. (2017). Nitrogen transformations in aquaponic systems: A review. Aquacultural Engineering, 76, 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2017.01.004

i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering (JELE)

Current Issue Vol. 14 Issue 1

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Most Cited

Volume 11 Issue 2 December - February 2021

Implementation of Miniaturized Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications

N. Rajasekhar* , G. Vasundhara**, A. Sahithi ***, Ch. Rushyendra Kumar ****, E. Mrudula *****

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jonnada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Rajasekhar, N., Vasundhara, G., Sahithi, A., Kumar, C. R., and Mrudula, E. (2021). Implementation of Miniaturized Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18372

Abstract

References

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Smart Agricultural Monitoring and Irrigation System using IoT

K. Mohanapriya* , Balasubramaniyan **

*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V.R.S College of Engineering and Technology, Arasur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mohanapriya, K., and Balasubramaniyan. (2021). Smart Agricultural Monitoring and Irrigation System using IoT. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18179

Abstract

References

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Intravenous Fluid Level Monitoring and Alerting System

Harini B. G. * , Mallika Senthil **, Nishanthini R.***, Nithiaashree S. ****, Neppalli Satish Chowdary *****, Padmasini. N. ******

*-****** Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, India.

Harini, B. G., Senthil, M., Nishanthini, R., Nithiaashree, S., Chowdary, N. S., and Padmasini, N. (2021). Intravenous Fluid Level Monitoring and Alerting System. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18250

Abstract

References

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Garbage Monitoring System using IoT

T. R. Vishnu Priya* , R. Nadhiya **, N. Isha Gopika ***, V. P. M. B. Aarthi ****, M. Pandishree *****

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, V. P. M. M. Engineering College for Women, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India.

Priya, T. R. V., Nadhiya, R., Gopika, N. I., Aarthi, V. P. M. P., and Pandishree, M. (2021). Garbage Monitoring System using IoT. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18093

Abstract

References

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Automated Closed Loop Aquaponics

M. Mohammed Fazal* , B. Nithish Kumar **, S. Sasi Kumar ***

*-*** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Semmancheri, Tamil Nadu, India.

Fazal, M. M., Kumar, B. N., and Kumar, S. S. (2021). Automated Closed Loop Aquaponics. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 11(2), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.11.2.18156

Abstract

References

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N. Rajasekhar* , G. Vasundhara, A. Sahithi , Ch. Rushyendra Kumar , E. Mrudula

Harini B. G. * , Mallika Senthil , Nishanthini R.*, Nithiaashree S. **, Neppalli Satish Chowdary *, Padmasini. N. ****

T. R. Vishnu Priya* , R. Nadhiya , N. Isha Gopika , V. P. M. B. Aarthi , M. Pandishree

M. Mohammed Fazal* , B. Nithish Kumar , S. Sasi Kumar *