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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Electrical Properties of Nanocomposite Polymer Gels based on PMMA-DMA/DMC-LiCLO₂ -SiO₂
Comparison Of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Weak Aromatic Acids
Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes
Effect of Donor Number of Plasticizers on Conductivity of Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH₄F
PMMA Based Polymer Gel Electrolyte Containing LiCF₃SO₃

Volume 7 Issue 3 October - December 2019

Research Paper

Preparation of Sr₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺ Phosphors by Solid-State Reaction Method and their Thermoluminescence Properties

Durga Verma* , R. P. Patel**

* Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Chattisgarh, India.

** Department of Physics, Kalinga University, Atal Nagar, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India.

Verma, D., and Patel, R. P. (2019). Preparation of Sr₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺ Phosphors by Solid-State Reaction Method and their Thermoluminescence Properties. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15398

Abstract

Sr₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺phosphors were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method. In this present study, thermoluminescence (TL) study of Dy³⁺ doped Sr₂SiO₄ phosphor is reported. The crystal structure of the prepared phosphor has an orthorhombic structurewith space groupPnma and average crystalline sizes could be calculated as 34 nm. The Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms the present elements in Sr₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺phosphor and energy band gap were founded by optical absorption spectra.Thermoluminescence study was carried out for the phosphor which shows a single glow curve.The kinetic parameter has been calculated by using Chen’s glow curve method.

References

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Research Paper

Structural, Optical, Magnetic Properties of CuFe₂O₄, BaFe₂O₄Nano-Particle Synthesized via Hydrothermal Synthesis

U. Naresh* , R. Jeevan Kumar**

*_** Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Naresh, U., and Kumar, R. J. (2019). Structural, Optical, Magnetic Properties of CuFe₂O₄, BaFe₂O₄Nano-Particle Synthesized via Hydrothermal Synthesis. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15753

Abstract

The study of structural, optical, magnetic properties of Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles (CFN), Barium Ferrite Nanoparticles (BFN) prepared through the hydrothermal technique was carried out. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern illustrates the formation of a single phase of face-centeredcubic structure for the CFN particles and orthorhombic structure for the BFN particles. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed the confirmation of spinel form by attributing octahedral and tetrahedral bond vibrations at ν₁, ν₂ wave numbers respectively. UV–Visible spectroscopy technique was employed to determine the energy band gap. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images have shown the surface morphology as stone like particle with the agglomeration of nanoparticles, whereas Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX) shows synthesized samples elemental evidence accurately as per the calculation. Moreover, the vibrating sample magnetometer measurements represent the particle that exhibits the super paramagnetic nature of hydrothermally synthesized copper ferrite particle.

References

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Research Paper

Structures and Properties of Biopolymer Chitosan - A First Principle Study

Upma* , Mohan L. Verma**

*_** Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions (Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus), Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Upma and Verma, M. L. (2019). Structures and Properties of Biopolymer Chitosan - A First Principle Study. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 16-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15642

Abstract

The structural, electronic and chemical bonding properties of biopolymer chitosan in tetramer structures are investigated by using density functional theory. These polymer structures exhibit structural activity relationship because the activity of these polymer isomers varies with the structural modification and molecular weight. In this approach the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) is used for the exchange-correlation potential. In density of states analysis the calculated forbidden energy gap is reduced by 2.23eV for cis-chitosan structure, deduces its semi-conducting behaviour with decreased crystallinity and improved bioactivity. Hirshfeld population and charge density techniques are used to analyse electrostatic interactions and the charge distribution within these molecules. Crystal orbital overlap population shows ionic interactions and provide chemical bonding information. Modification of chitosan improves the properties and provides the better functionally improved bio-polymer. This study is aimed to be used in various chemical industries, pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

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Physical and Structural Properties Conformed the Role of Al₂O₃ in Barium Alumino Borate Glasses Doped with Cr³⁺ ions

Mohamad Raheem Ahmed* , Ramdevudu Gokarakonda, Abdul Hameed, M. Narasimha Chary, MD Shareefuddin

* Department of Physics, Muffakhamjah college of Engineering and Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Department of Physics, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

* Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

_*Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Ahmed, M. R., Gokarakonda, R., Hameed, A., Chary, M. N., and Shareefuddin, M. (2019). Physical and Structural Properties Conformed the Role of Al₂O₃ in Barium Alumino Borate Glasses Doped with Cr³⁺ ions. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16373

Abstract

Barium alumino borate glasses are prepared for the composition (30-x) BaO-xAl₂O₃-69.8B₂O₃-0.2Cr₂O₃ (0 ≤ x≤ 15 mol %) to be specified as BABCrsynthesized by making the use of melt quenching process. These glasses are analyzed using different instrumental techniques. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is used to ascertain the glassy nature. Various physical properties are carried out to get the information regarding BO₃, BO₄ and NBO's. From the observation of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) spectra, Tg decreases in accordance with increasing the amount of Al₂O₃ content. In the present study, the addition of Al₂O₃ to the BaO-B₂O₃ glass is studied and its role in the glass is being observed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) vibrational spectra. From Raman studies of BABCr glasses,it is observed that thepresence of Al-O-Al linkages and AlO₄ units in the region 500 to 780 cm^-1. The large segment of B-O groups observed at higher wavelength of Raman spectra. The increment of Al₂O₃ content in the glass composition results the increment in Raman intensity.

References

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[2]. Arunkumar, S., & Marimuthu, K. (2013). Concentration effect of Sm³⁺ ions in B₂O₃ –PbO–PbF₂ –Bi₂O₃ –ZnO glasses – Structural and luminescence investigations. Journal of alloys and compounds, 565, 104-114. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.jallcom.2013.02.151

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Synthesis and Photoluminescence Studies of Rare Earth Doped [1.5%] CaO

Sharma Jitesh Chandrapal* , K. Suresh, Y. H. Gandhi*, K. V. R. Murthy****

* Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Gujarat, India.

Department of Physics at VSR and NVR College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

*-**** Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda University of Baroda, Gujarat, India.

Chandrapal, S. J., Suresh, K., Gandhi, Y. H., and Murthy, K. V. R. (2019). Synthesis and Photoluminescence Studies of Rare Earth Doped [1.5%] CaO. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16374

Abstract

Several phosphors synthesized by solid state reaction method of host material CaO with five different rare earth ions as dopants. Solid state method is a very useful method to synthesize oxide phosphors, here the authors synthesized five different rare earth doped CaO with precursors of host calcium oxide and five different rare earth oxide were doped at (1.5mol%) concentration. The RE³⁺ were taken in the form of (1) Samarium oxide Sm₂O₃ (2) Europium oxide Eu₂O₃ (3) Gadolinium oxide Gd₂O₃ (4) Terbium oxide Tb₂O₃ (5) Dysprosium oxide Dy₂O₃as raw materials. Study of photo luminescence spectra, XRD, SEM and FTIR were measured on the prepared samples. From the XRD pattern it is found that most of the phosphor is in single phase. From the peaks calculated average crystallite size is 46.5 nm using Scherer formula. From the PL study, the CaO: Eu phosphor shows, predominant red emission, CaO: Tb phosphor shows predominant green emission at 545nm, therefore these two phosphors may be a good candidates for red and green emission when used in near UV solid state light emitting diode (275nm excitation). The other CaO: Sm³⁺, CaO: Dy³⁺and CaO: Gd³⁺ phosphors are excited with 275nm shows common emission at 470nm (blue) is nearly the same with same intensity. These phosphors may be a good blue emitting phosphors for 275nm excitable from solid state Light Emitting Diode(LED).

References

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[9]. Lehmann, W. (1971). On the optimum efficiency of cathodoluminescence of inorganic phosphors. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 118(7), 1164-1166. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2408273

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[13]. Yen, W. Y., & Weber, M. J. (2004). Inorganic Phosphors: Compositions, Preparation and Optical Properties (1^stEd.). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

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Performance of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Blends using 3D Printing

Gajanan N. Thokal* , Chandrakant R. Patil**

*-** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Professor Ram Meghe Institute of Technology and Research, Maharashtra, India.

Thokal, G.N., and Patil, C. R. (2019). Performance of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Blends using 3D Printing. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15595

Abstract

This study investigates the blends specimen prepared using synthetic polymer like polyamide12 (PA12) and natural polymer like Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) with formic acid solution. The various composition mixtures of synthetic and natural polymer have been prepared. The processing conditions and their influence on mechanical properties of specimens manufactured were evaluated as well as its biomechanical performance was observed. The static tests were performed to evaluate the compressive stress as well as young's modulus. The porosity measurements were done using gas porosimeter to access the strength. It was found that PA12/NCC blends had bone matching properties of goat and confirms that this can be an alternate material for implant applications.

References

[1]. Abitbol, T., Rivkin, A., Cao, Y., Nevo, Y., Abraham, E., Ben-Shalom, T., ... & Shoseyov, O. (2016). Nanocellulose, a tiny fiber with huge applications. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 39, 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. copbio.2016.01.002

[2]. An, Y. H., & Draughn, R. A. (1999). Mechanical Testing of Bone and the Bone-Implant Interface (1^st Ed.). CRC Press.

[3]. Campbell, M., Bureau, M. N., & Yahia, L. H. (2008). Performance of CF/PA12 composite femoral stems. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 19(2), 683-693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3073 -y

[4]. Carter, D. R., & Hayes, W. C. (1977). The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume, 59(7), 954-962. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623- 197759070-00021

[5]. Choren, J. A., Heinrich, S. M., & Silver-Thorn, M. B. (2013). Young's modulus and volume porosity relationships for additive manufacturing applications. Journal of Materials Science, 48(15), 5103-5112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7237-5

[6]. Cooper, K. G. (2001). Rapid prototyping technology: Selection and application. Assembly Automation, 21(4), 358-359. https://doi.org/10.1108/aa.2001.21.4.358.1

[7]. Corrêa, A. C., de Morais Teixeira, E., Carmona, V. B., Teodoro, K. B. R., Ribeiro, C., Mattoso, L. H. C., & Marconcini, J. M. (2014). Obtaining nanocomposites of polyamide 6 and cellulose whiskers via extrusion and injection molding. Cellulose, 21(1), 311-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0132-z

[8]. Giles Jr, H. F., Wagner Jr, J. R., & Mount III, E. M. (2005). Extrusion: The Definitive Processing Guide and Handbook. Norwich, New York: William Andrew.

[9]. Lee, K. Y., Aitomäki, Y., Berglund, L. A., Oksman, K., & Bismarck, A. (2014). On the use of nanocellulose as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. Composites Science and Technology, 105, 15-27. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.compscitech.2014.08.032

[10]. Lin, N., & Dufresne, A. (2014). Nanocellulose in biomedicine: Current status and future prospect. European Polymer Journal, 59, 302-325. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.07.025

[11]. Moon, R. J., Martini, A., Nairn, J., Simonsen, J., & Youngblood, J. (2011). Cellulose nanomaterials review: Structure, properties and nanocomposites. Chemical Society Reviews, 40(7), 3941-3994. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C0CS00108B

[12]. Mueller, B. (2012). Additive manufacturing technologies–Rapid prototyping to direct digital manufacturing. Assembly Automation, 32 (2).https://doi.org/10.1108/aa.2012.03332baa.010

[13]. Rahim, T. N. A. T., Abdullah, A. M., Akil, H. M., & Mohamad, D. (2016, December). Comparison of mechanical properties for polyamide 12 compositebased biomaterials fabricated by fused filament fabrication and injection molding. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1791, No. 1, p. 020007). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4968862

[14]. Rauwendaal, C. (2014). Polymer Extrusion (5^th Ed.). Munich, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. https://doi.org/10.3139/9781569905395

[15]. Rhee, S., & White, J. L. (2002). Crystal structure and morphology of biaxially oriented polyamide 12 films. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 40(12), 1189-1200. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10181

[16]. Slotwinski, J. A., & Garboczi, E. J. (2015). Metrology needs for metal additive manufacturing powders. Jom, 67(3), 538-543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-014- 1290-7

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Experimental Investigation on Strength Properties of Ultrafine Fly Ash and Micro Silica as Mineral Admixtures for Vermiculite Mortar

M. V. S. S. Sastri* , P. Ashveen Kumar, K. Jagannadha Rao*

* Department of Civil Engineering, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Department of Civil Engineering, Matrusree Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

* Department of Civil Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Sastri M. V. S. S., Kumar, D. A., and Rao, K. J. (2019). Experimental Investigation on Strength Properties of Ultrafine Fly Ash and Micro Silica as Mineral Admixtures for Vermiculate Mortar. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16588

Abstract

Concrete is mostly used as a building material and while preparing concrete mix the natural resources are being used extensively. Due to large-scale construction being taken up, a steady sand mining is taking place at an alarming rate. To overcome the problem Vermiculite aggregate is partially used as a replacement to sand. Exfoliated Vermiculite (EV) can be effectively utilized in a silica-based material in building industry. In this present study, an attempt has been made to study the mechanical properties of EV cement mortar with different percentages of i.e. 5%, 10%, and 15% of Micro Silica and Ultrafine Fly Ash mineral admixtures as partial replacements of cement, and EV at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% by weight as partial replacement of fine aggregate. It has been observed that the required compressive and flexural strength of mortar are achieved when 10% Micro Silica and 5% Ultrafine Fly Ash are used as partial replacement by weight of cement and 20% EV is used as a partial replacement by weight of fine aggregate.

References

[1]. ACI 213 R-03. (2003). Guide for Structural Lightweight- Aggregate Concrete. Retrieved from http://www. uomisan.edu.iq/library/admin/book/68340626265.pdf

[2]. Al-Jabri, K. S., Hago, A. W., Al-Nuaimi, A. S., & Al-Saidy, A. H. (2005). Concrete blocks for thermal insulation in hot climate. Cement and Concrete Research, 35(8), 1472- 1479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.08.018

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Research Paper

EPR and Optical absorption studies of PbO-CdO-TeO₂-B₂O₃–CuO glasses

S. Vedavyas* , K. Chandra Sekhar, G. Ramadevudu, M. Narasimha Chary, Md. Shareefuddin

* Department of Physics, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Department of Physics, University College for Women, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

* Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

-* Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Vedavyas, S., Sekhar, K. S., Ramadevudu. G, Chary, M. N., and Shareefuddin, M. (2019). EPR and Optical absorption studies of PbO-CdO-TeO₂-B₂O₃–CuO glasses. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16589

Abstract

The glasses with the composition 20PbO-(10-x)CdO-10TeO₂-60B₂O₃-xCuO (0.5≤x≤2) were prepared by melt quenching technique. X-ray diffractograms revealed the amorphous nature of the glasses. Optical absorption spectra are recorded at room temperature. Optical band gap (E_opt) and Urbach energies were determined. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) studies were carried out by introducing Cu²⁺ as the spin probe. EPR spectra of all the glass samples were recorded at X-band (≈9.7 GHz) frequencies. From the EPR spectra spin-Hamiltonian parameters were evaluated. It was observed that (g_║≈ 2.360, g_﬩ ≈ 2.080) g_║ >g_﬩>ge (2.0023) and (A_║≈ 136x10-4cm-1, A_﬩≈30 x10^-4cm^-1) A_║>A_﬩. From these values it is concluded that the ground state of Cu²⁺ is d_x²-y² (²B_1g) and the site symmetry around Cu²⁺ ion was tetragonally distorted in octahedral sites. It was observed that the intensity of the EPR spectra increases with increase of CuO concentration, which shows that more number of Cu²⁺ ions are participating in the resonance. The optical absorption spectra revealed broad absorption band, which is assigned to ²B_1g → ²B_2gtransition. From the EPR and Optical data bonding coefficients were evaluated and discussed.

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Volume 7 Issue 3 October - December 2019

Durga Verma* , R. P. Patel**

* Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Chattisgarh, India. ** Department of Physics, Kalinga University, Atal Nagar, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India.

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Upma* , Mohan L. Verma**

*_** Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions (Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus), Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Upma and Verma, M. L. (2019). Structures and Properties of Biopolymer Chitosan - A First Principle Study. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 16-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15642

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Mohamad Raheem Ahmed* , Ramdevudu Gokarakonda**, Abdul Hameed***, M. Narasimha Chary****, MD Shareefuddin*****

Ahmed, M. R., Gokarakonda, R., Hameed, A., Chary, M. N., and Shareefuddin, M. (2019). Physical and Structural Properties Conformed the Role of Al2O3 in Barium Alumino Borate Glasses Doped with Cr3+ ions. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16373

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Sharma Jitesh Chandrapal* , K. Suresh**, Y. H. Gandhi***, K. V. R. Murthy****

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Gajanan N. Thokal* , Chandrakant R. Patil**

*-** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Professor Ram Meghe Institute of Technology and Research, Maharashtra, India.

Thokal, G.N., and Patil, C. R. (2019). Performance of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Blends using 3D Printing. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15595

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M. V. S. S. Sastri* , P. Ashveen Kumar**, K. Jagannadha Rao***

Sastri M. V. S. S., Kumar, D. A., and Rao, K. J. (2019). Experimental Investigation on Strength Properties of Ultrafine Fly Ash and Micro Silica as Mineral Admixtures for Vermiculate Mortar. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16588

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S. Vedavyas* , K. Chandra Sekhar**, G. Ramadevudu***, M. Narasimha Chary****, Md. Shareefuddin*****

Vedavyas, S., Sekhar, K. S., Ramadevudu. G, Chary, M. N., and Shareefuddin, M. (2019). EPR and Optical absorption studies of PbO-CdO-TeO2-B2O3–CuO glasses. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16589

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* Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Chattisgarh, India.

** Department of Physics, Kalinga University, Atal Nagar, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India.

Verma, D., and Patel, R. P. (2019). Preparation of Sr₂SiO₄:Dy³⁺ Phosphors by Solid-State Reaction Method and their Thermoluminescence Properties. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15398

Naresh, U., and Kumar, R. J. (2019). Structural, Optical, Magnetic Properties of CuFe₂O₄, BaFe₂O₄Nano-Particle Synthesized via Hydrothermal Synthesis. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15753

Mohamad Raheem Ahmed* , Ramdevudu Gokarakonda, Abdul Hameed, M. Narasimha Chary, MD Shareefuddin

Sharma Jitesh Chandrapal* , K. Suresh, Y. H. Gandhi*, K. V. R. Murthy****

M. V. S. S. Sastri* , P. Ashveen Kumar, K. Jagannadha Rao*

S. Vedavyas* , K. Chandra Sekhar, G. Ramadevudu, M. Narasimha Chary, Md. Shareefuddin

Vedavyas, S., Sekhar, K. S., Ramadevudu. G, Chary, M. N., and Shareefuddin, M. (2019). EPR and Optical absorption studies of PbO-CdO-TeO₂-B₂O₃–CuO glasses. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.16589