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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Exploring the Optical and Structural Properties of Chromium (Cr)-Doped Polyaniline
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Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud

G. Siva Karuna* , P. Suresh Babu**

*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maha Veer Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Karuna, G.S., and Babu, P. S. (2019). Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced With Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15437

Abstract

When compared with all the conventional materials, different aluminium alloys are gaining their attention in many areas of interest like aerospace, automobile, and manufacturing due to their enhanced mechanical properties. The 2xxx series of aluminium alloy is being used to a large degree due to their augmented properties like a great response to aging, excellent formability, and high strength. In this investigation, research is carried out to understand the changes in the mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of AA2024 under the influence of various by-products of the industries, which are also known as industrial wastes in the form of reinforcements during the preparation of aluminium metal matrix composites. By this work, usage of industrial solid wastes as reinforcement would reduce the cost of the products in widespread applications. Among various industrial wastes, red mud and fly ash are chosen as reinforcement in preparation of MMC. Stir casting process is used for synthesizing MMC with 2, 4, and 6% weight fractions of nano red mud and fixed weight fraction of micro fly ash each. For the synthesized hybrid composite, experimental tests were carried out for various mechanical properties. It was found that there is a great improvement in the ultimate strengths and hardness with an increase in the weight fractions of the reinforcement, and decrease in the density of the composite with increasing weight fractions of the reinforcement. To examine the microstructure characteristics, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) is used for the prepared hybrid composite. It has been found that there has been a uniform distribution of the reinforcement around the matrix. FESEM and EDS results have revealed the presence of nano red mud and fly ash around the matrix and also revealed that absence of any voids or cracks in the prepared hybrid composite.

References

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[2]. Anilkumar, H. C., Hebbar, H. S., & Ravishankar, K. S. (2011). Mechanical properties of fly ash reinforced Aluminium Alloy (Al6061) composites. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 6(1), 41-45.

[3]. Basavarajappa, S., Chandramohan, G., & Dinesh, A. (2004, December). Mechanical properties of MMCs- An experimental investigation. In Int. Symposium of Research on Materials and Engineering (Vol. 20, pp. 1-8).

[4]. Das, S., Udhayabanu, V., Das, S., & Das, K. (2006). Synthesis and characterization of zircon sand/Al-4.5 wt% Cu composite produced by stir casting route. Journal of Materials Science, 41(14). 4668-4677.

[5]. Ghasali, E., Alizadeh, M., & Ebadzadeh, T. (2016). Mechanical and microstructure comparison between microwave and spark plasma sintering of Al–B4C composite. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 655, 93- 98.

[6]. Mahendra, K. V., & Radhakrishna, K. (2010). Characterization of stir cast Al—Cu—(fly ash+ SiC) hybrid metal matrix composites. Journal of Composite Materials, 44(8), 989-1005.

[7]. Prasad, D. S., & Krishna, A. R. (2011). Production and mechanical properties of A356. 2/RHA composites. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 33, 51-58.

[8]. Pradeep, R., Kumar, B. P., & Prashanth, B. (2014). Evaluation of mechanical properties of aluminium alloy 7075 reinforced with silicon carbide and red mud composite. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science, 2(6), 1081-1088.

[9]. Premnath, A., & Alwarswamy, A. (2013). Evaluation of mechanical properties of aluminium alumina composites. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 8(1), 9-13.

[10]. Ramachandra, M., & RadhaKrishna, K. (2005). Synthesis-microstructure -mechanical properties - wear and corrosion behaviour of an Al-Si (12%)- Flyash metal matrix composite. Journal of Materials Science, 40, 5989-5997.

[11]. Rohatgi, P. K., & Guo, R. Q. (1997). Opportunities of using fly ash particles for synthesis of composites, Proceedings of the 59^th Annual American Power Conference.

[12]. Rohatgi, P. K., Weiss, D., & Gupta, N. (2006). Applications of fly ash in synthesizing low-cost MMCs for automotive and other applications. JOM, 58(11), 71-76.

[13]. Shin, J. H., Choi, H. J., & Bae, D. H. (2014). The structure and properties of 2024 aluminum composites reinforced with TiO₂ nanoparticles. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 607, 605-610.

[14]. Suresh, K. R., Niranjan, H. B., Jebaraj, P. M., & Chowdiah, M. P. (2003). Tensile and wear properties of aluminum composites. Wear, 255(1-6), 638-642.

[15]. Varol, T., & Canakci, A. (2013). Synthesis and characterization of nanocr ystalline Al 2024–B4C composite powders by mechanical alloying. Philosophical Magazine Letters, 93(6), 339-345.

[16]. Williams, J. C., & Starke Jr, E. A. (2003). Progress in structural materials for aerospace systems. Acta Materialia, 51(19), 5775-5799.

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Research Paper

Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites

G. Bhanu Praveen * , A. D. P. Rao**

*Research Scholar, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Praveen, G.B., and Rao, A.D.P. (2019). Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 11-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14882

Abstract

Two series of Mg-Mn ferrites with the substitution of Sm³⁺ and or Zr⁴⁺ having the chemical compositions Mg_0.95Mn_0.05Sm_2xFe_2-2xO₄ and Mg_0.95Mn_0.05+xZr_xFe_2-2xO₄ have been prepared. Two types such as bulk as well as nano size particles ferrite materials are prepared for relative studies of these materials. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant, complex dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent along with AC resistivity are investigated in the frequency range 1 Hz to 10 MHz and temperature range -150 to 300°C. The value of x varies from 0.0 to 0.5 in steps of 0.1. The obtained experimental results of dielectric constant, loss factor, and AC resistivity of bulk size ferrites are compared relative to nano size ferrites.

References

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Research Paper

Multi-Objective Optimization of a Process Parameter in Turning of Titanium Alloy Using GRA, PCA and RSM Method

Sivakoteswararao Katta* , G. Chaitanya, B. Ravi Shankar *

Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, RVR&JC College of Engineering, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Katta, S., Chaitanya, G., and Shankar, B. R. (2019). Multi-objective optimization of a process parameter in turning of titanium alloy using GRA, PCA and RSM method. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14816

Abstract

In the present machining environment, application of nanofluids in metal cutting operations plays a vital role to improve machinability and efficiency of the machine tool. To reduce environmental hazards, minimal fluid application is more suitable. The preparation of suitable nanofluids is still a difficult task for metal cutting industries. The selection of nanoparticle and cutting fluids are not so easy because its properties will affect the performance of nanofluid preparation and performance. Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy is used as a work material because of its inherent properties. Uncoated carbide tool is used to cut the work material because of its less cost with good hardness capability. To find optimal machining condition and prediction, optimal output responses are very useful for the metal cutting process to enhance the machine tool performance. In the present research work, graphene nanoparticle was selected because its high thermal conductivity at elevated temperatures, and vegetable oils (soybean oils ) with high viscosity index to reduce tool wear, surface roughness, temperature, and cycle time. A nanofluid based minimal fluid application with optimization using GRA, PCA, and RSM proved its best. All three optimization process gave very close valves to each other. Since this research is a multi-objective, these developed models using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and Principal Component Analysis can be used for evaluation of surface roughness, cutting force, tool wear, temperature, and cutting time as well.

References

[1]. Ahmed, L. S., & Kumar, P. (2016). Optimization of reaming process parameters for Titanium Ti-6Al-4V Alloy using Grey Relational Analysis. In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (pp. V002T02A008-V002T02A008). American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

[2]. Chauhan, S. R., & Dass, K. (2012). Optimization of machining parameters in turning of titanium (grade-5) alloy using response surface methodology. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(5), 531-537.

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[4]. Gupta, M. K., & Sood, P. K. (2017). Surface roughness measurements in NFMQL assisted turning of titanium alloys: An optimization approach. Friction, 5(2), 155-170.

[5]. Khan, A., & Maity, K. (2017). Selection of optimal machining parameters in turning of CP-Ti Grade 2 using a Hybrid Optimization Technique. 10^th International Conference on Precision, Meso, Micro and Nano Engineering.

[6]. Kim, J. S., Kim, J. W., & Lee, S. W. (2017). Experimental characterization on micro-end milling of titanium alloy using nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication with chilly gas. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 91(5-8), 2741-2749.

[7]. Makadia, A. J., & Nanavati, J. I. (2013). Optimisation of machining parameters for turning operations based on response surface methodology. Measurement, 46(4), 1521-1529.

[8]. Rai, S., Prashant, S. K., Kumar, A., Mishra, A., Vates, U. K., & Singh, G. K. (2017). Optimization of process parameters in Ti-6Al-4V During CNC Turning. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 25(2), 939-949.

[9]. Rao, C. J., Rao, D. N., & Srihari, P. (2013). Influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and surface finish in turning operation. Procedia Engineering, 64, 1405-1415.

[10]. Setti, D., Ghosh, S., & Rao, P. V. (2012, October). Application of nano cutting fluid under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique to improve grinding of Ti–6Al–4V alloy. In Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (Vol. 70, pp. 512- 516). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology.

[11]. Sharma, A. K., Tiwari, A. K., & Dixit, A. R. (2016). Effects of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) in machining processes using conventional and nanofluid based cutting fluids: A comprehensive review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 127, 1-18.

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Research Paper

Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Chanchal Mahavar* , Virendra Soni , K. R. Genwa*

_ Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Professor, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Mahavar, C., Soni, V., and Genwa, K. R. (2019). Evaluation of solar conversion efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell using cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in mixture of dyes. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14832

Abstract

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) have widely been studied for its economic benefits with better efficiency, for this purpose many metallic dyes have been synthesized. This paper aims for increasing efficiency using easy and low cost technique, which includes the effect of metallic solution prepared by using two salts, i.e. cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in different solvents (DMSO, ethanol, double distilled water) for mixture of two dyes (Azur B and Crystal Violet). The prepared solution of two salts was used along with Deoxycholic solution (DCA) in dye solution to increase the stability and performance of cell. It was noticed that metallic solution alone increased the efficiency of cell, but found noticeable fluctuation in current, which was eradicated by using DCA solution. Maximum conversion efficiency was found in DMSO solvent system for Azur B and Crystal Violet dye.

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[21]. Ito, S., Miura, H., Uchida, S., Takata, M., Sumioka, K., Liska, P., Comte, P., Pecky, P., & Gratzel, M. (2008). High-conversion- efficiency organic dye-sensitized solar cells with a novel indoline dye. Chemical Communications, 41(0), 5194-5196.

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[24]. Kumara, G. R. A., Kaneko, S., Okuya, M.,Onwona- Agyeman. B., Konno, A., & Tennakone, K. (2006). Shiso leaf pigments for dye-sensitized solid-state solar cell. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 90(9),1220-1226.

[25]. Kushwaha, S., & Bahadur, L.(2011a). Characterization of some metal-free organic dyes as photosensitizer for nanocr ystallineZnO-based dye sensitized solar cells. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36 (18),11620-11627.

[26]. Kushwaha, S., & Bahadur, L. (2011b). Characterization of Synthetic Ni(II)-Xylenol complex as a Photosensitizer for Wide-Band Gap ZnO Semiconductor Electrodes. International Journal of Photoenergy, 980560, 1-9.

[27]. Lee, K. M., Suryanarayanan, V., & Ho, K. C. (2009). Influences of different TiO₂ morphologies and solvents on the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of Power Sources,188(2), 635-641.

[28]. Lenzman, F. O., & Kroon, J. M. (2007). Recent advances in dye sensitized solar cells. Advances in Optoelectronics, 65073, 1-10.

[29]. O'Regan, B., & Grätzel, M. (1991). A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO₂ films. Nature, 353(6346), 737-740.

[30]. Polo, A. S., & Iha, N. Y. M. (2006). Blue sensitizers for solar cells: Natural dyes from calafate and jaboticaba. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 90(13), 1936- 1944.

[31]. Sirimanne, P. M., Senevirathna, M. K. I., Premalal, E. V. A., Pitigala, P. K. D. D. P., Sivakumar, V., & Tennakone, K. (2006). Utilization of natural pigment extracted from pomegranate fruits as sensitizer in solid-state solar cells. Journal of Photochemistry Photobiology A: Chemistry, 177(2-3), 324-327.

[32]. Soni, V., Mahavar, C., & Genwa, K. R. (2017). Effect of solvents on mixture of azur b and sudan black b photosensitizer in fabrication of DSSC. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 5(1), 135-144.

[33]. Tai, W. P., & Inoue, K. (2003). Eosin Y-sensitized nanostructured SnO/TiO solar cells. Materials Letters, 57(9- 10), 1508-1513.

[34]. Tennakone, K., Kumara, G. R. R. A., Kumarasinghe, A. R., Sirimanne, P. M., & Wijayantha, K. G. U. (1996). Efficient photosensitization of nanocrystalline TiO₂ films by tannins and related phenolic substances. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 94(2-3), 217-220.

[35]. Zeng, W., Cao, Y., Bai, Y., Wang, Y., Shi, Y., Zhang, M., Wang, F., Pan, C., & Wang, P. (2010). Efficienct dyesensitized solar cells with an organic photosensitizers featuring orderly conjugated ethylenedioxythiophene and dithienosilole blocks. Chemistry of Materials, 22(5), 1915-1925.

[36]. Zhang, D., Yamamoto, N., Yoshida, T., & Minoura, H. (2002). Natural dye sensitized solar cells. Transaction of the Materials Research Society Japan, 27(4), 811-814.

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Research Paper

Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Pariniti Singh* , Chinmaya P. Padhy**

*Research Scholar, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Singh, P., and Padhy, C. P. (2019). Study on the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid in MQL machining of Inconel 625. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15707

Abstract

A study has been conducted to find out the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid and then its effects have been analyzed on the machinability of Inconel 625. It is to be noted that addition of nanoparticles with improved rheological behavior helps to enhance the anti-wear and anti-frictional properties of cutting fluid. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles are environmentally safe, chemically inert, and lubricious in nature and hence preparation of BN nano cutting fluid is a reliable option for machining with MQL technique in machining of difficult to cut material like Inconel-625. This paper includes preparation of BN-nano cutting fluid with analysis of its rheological properties and effect on machining of Inconel 625 with h-Bn nano fluid assisted MQL.

References

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[3]. Autret, R., Liang, S. Y., & Woodruff, G. W. (2003, March). Minimum quantity lubrication in finish hard turning. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management, (pp. 26-28).

[4]. Behera, B. C., Chetan, S. G., & Rao, P. V. (2014, December). Effects on forces and surface roughness during machining Inconel 718 alloy using Minimum Quantity Lubrication. In Fifth International and 26^th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research Conference (AIMTDR) (pp. 12-14).

[5]. Golberg, D., Costa, P. M., Lourie, O., Mitome, M., Bai, X., Kurashima, K., & Bando, Y. (2007). Direct force measurements and kinking under elastic deformation of individual multiwalled boron nitride nanotubes. Nano Letters, 7(7), 2146-2151.

[6]. Han, W. Q., & Zettl, A. (2002). GaN nanorods coated with pure BN. Applied Physics Letters, 81(26), 5051-5053.

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[8]. Kamata, Y., & Obikawa, T. (2007). High speed MQL finish-turning of Inconel 718 with different coated tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 192, 281- 286.

[9]. Sharma, A. K., Tiwari, A. K., Dixit, A. R., & Singh, R. K. (2017). Investigation into per formance of SiO₂ nanoparticle based cutting fluid in machining process. Materials Today: Proceedings, 4(2), 133-141.

[10]. Shen, B., Shih, A. J., & Tung, S. C. (2008). Application of nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication grinding. Tribology Transactions, 51(6), 730-737.

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[12]. Vasu, V., & Reddy, G. P. K. (2011). Effect of Minimum Quantity Lubrication with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on surface roughness, tool wear and temperature dissipation in machining Inconel 600 alloy. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part N: Journal of Nanoengineering and Nanosystems, 225(1), 3-16.

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EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu²⁺ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃ - 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO Glasses

A. V. Lalitha Phani* , Abdul Hameed, Md. Shareefuddin , M. Narasimha Chary , G. Ramadevudu

* Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Sree Dattha College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Nizam College, Osmania University, Telangana, India.

* Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

* Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Phani, A.V.P., Hameed, A., Shareefuddin, Md., Chary, M.N., and Ramadevudu, G. (2019). EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu²⁺ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃- 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO Glasses i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15706

Abstract

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Optical absorption studies were investigated in CuO doped (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃ - 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO glasses (x=0, 5, 10, 15 mole %) were prepared by melt quenching technique. The amorphous nature of all the glass samples were confirmed by XRD technique. By using the EPR and Optical absorption measurements techniques the structural changes in the above glass system was estimated and it was confirmed that Cu²⁺ions were present in tetragonally distorted octahedral sites elongated along z-axis with d_x²-y² orbital (²B_1g) ground state in all of the glasses investigated. Bonding parameters had been evaluated by correlating EPR and optical absorption data. The molecular orbital band parameter values of (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃ - 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO glasses values indicated in plane σ-bonding (α²) is moderately ionic. The in plane π-bonding (β²) is ionic in nature and out of plane π-bonding (β^'2) is shifting from moderately ionic to ionic as we move from CABBC1 to CABBC3. The FTIR spectra revealed information about the nature of bonds present in the glass matrix.

References

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[17]. Reddy, C. P., Naresh, V., & Reddy, K. R. (2016). Li₂O-LiF-ZnF₂-B₂O₃-P₂O₅ : MnO glasses–Thermal, structural, optical and luminescence characteristics. Optical Materials, 51, 154-161.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud

G. Siva Karuna* , P. Suresh Babu**

*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. ** Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maha Veer Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Karuna, G.S., and Babu, P. S. (2019). Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced With Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15437

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Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites

G. Bhanu Praveen * , A. D. P. Rao**

*Research Scholar, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. ** Professor, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Praveen, G.B., and Rao, A.D.P. (2019). Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 11-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14882

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Multi-Objective Optimization of a Process Parameter in Turning of Titanium Alloy Using GRA, PCA and RSM Method

Sivakoteswararao Katta* , G. Chaitanya**, B. Ravi Shankar ***

Katta, S., Chaitanya, G., and Shankar, B. R. (2019). Multi-objective optimization of a process parameter in turning of titanium alloy using GRA, PCA and RSM method. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14816

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Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Chanchal Mahavar* , Virendra Soni **, K. R. Genwa***

*_** Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. *** Professor, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Mahavar, C., Soni, V., and Genwa, K. R. (2019). Evaluation of solar conversion efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell using cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in mixture of dyes. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14832

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Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Pariniti Singh* , Chinmaya P. Padhy**

*Research Scholar, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. ** Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Singh, P., and Padhy, C. P. (2019). Study on the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid in MQL machining of Inconel 625. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15707

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EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO Glasses

A. V. Lalitha Phani* , Abdul Hameed**, Md. Shareefuddin ***, M. Narasimha Chary ****, G. Ramadevudu*****

Phani, A.V.P., Hameed, A., Shareefuddin, Md., Chary, M.N., and Ramadevudu, G. (2019). EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3- 34 B2 O3 -1CuO Glasses i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15706

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*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maha Veer Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

*Research Scholar, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sivakoteswararao Katta* , G. Chaitanya, B. Ravi Shankar *

Chanchal Mahavar* , Virendra Soni , K. R. Genwa*

_ Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Professor, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

*Research Scholar, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu²⁺ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃ - 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO Glasses

A. V. Lalitha Phani* , Abdul Hameed, Md. Shareefuddin , M. Narasimha Chary , G. Ramadevudu

Phani, A.V.P., Hameed, A., Shareefuddin, Md., Chary, M.N., and Ramadevudu, G. (2019). EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu²⁺ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl₂O₃- 35 Bi₂O₃- 34 B₂O₃ -1CuO Glasses i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15706