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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Exploring the Optical and Structural Properties of Chromium (Cr)-Doped Polyaniline
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Advancements and Applications of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters: A Comprehensive Review

Most Cited

Volume 4 Issue 2 July - September 2016

Research Paper

Role of Polymer in Enhancement of Conductivity of Proton and Lithium Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes

Dr. Rajiv Kumar* , Shuchi Sharma, Naresh Dhiman*, Dinesh Pathak****

Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.

* Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.

**** Assistant Professor and HOD, Department of Physics, Sri Sai University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Kumar, R., Sharma, S.,Dhiman, N., and Pathak, D. (2016). Role of Polymer in Enhancement of Conductivity of Proton and Lithium Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8124

Abstract

In this paper, proton and lithium conducting polymer gel electrolytes containing ortho-nitrobenzoic acid, lithium hexafluorophosphate, diethyl carbonate, polymethylmethacrylate have been prepared and characterized by impedance spectroscopy. The ionic conductivity, pH and viscosity of the electrolytes have been studied as a function of acid/salt and polymer concentration. In both proton and lithium conducting polymer gel electrolytes, the ionic conductivity has been found to increase with an increase in acid/salt and polymer concentration. In proton conducting polymer gel electrolytes, an increase in conductivity has been explained to be due to the dissociation of undissociated acid or ion aggregates present in the electrolytes, which increases the free H⁺ ion concentration and this has been monitored by pH measurements. Similar results have also been observed for lithium ion conducting polymer gel electrolytes. An increase in conductivity with polymer addition has been explained by “Breathing Polymeric Chain Model”, which shows that the polymer plays an active role in enhancing the conductivity along with an increase in mechanical strength, which is advantageous for their use in various applications.

References

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[6]. R. Kumar, (2016). “Electrical Characterization of PVdF based Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes”. Curr. Smart Mater., (In Press). DOI 10.2174/24054658016661 60307205012

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[10]. R. Kumar, and S. S. Sekhon, (2008). “Effect of Molecular Weight of PMMA on the Conductivity and Viscosity Behavior of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing NH₄CF₃SO₃ ”. Ionics, Vol. 14, pp. 509-514.

[11]. A. M. Grillone, S. Panero, B. A. Retamal, and B. Scrosati, (1999). “Proton Polymeric Gel Electrolyte Membranes based on Polymethylmethacrylate”. J. Electrochem. Soc,. Vol. 146, pp. 27-31.

[12]. S. Chandra, S. S. Sekhon, and N. Arora, (2000). “PMMA based Protonic Polymer Gel Electrolytes”. Ionics, Vol. 6, pp. 112-118.

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[14]. R. Kumar, and S. S. Sekhon, (2004). “Evidence of Ion Pair Breaking by Dispersed Polymer in Polymer Gel Electrolytes”. Ionics, Vol. 10, pp. 436-442.

[15]. R. Kumar, B. Singh, and S.S. Sekhon, (2005). “Effect of Dielectric Constant of Solvent on the Conductivity Behavior of Polymer Gel Electrolytes”. J. Mater. Sci., Vol. 40, pp. 1273- 1275.

[16]. B. Singh, R. Kumar, and S.S. Sekhon, (2005). “Conductivity and Viscosity Behaviour of PMMA based Gels and Nano Dispersed Gels: Role of Dielectric Constant of Solvent”. Solid State Ionics, Vol. 176, pp. 1577-1583.

[17]. R. Kumar, J. P. Sharma, and S.S. Sekhon, (2005). “FTIR Study of Ion Dissociation in PMMA based Gel Electrolytes Containing Ammonium Triflate: Role of Dielectric Constant of Solvent”. Euro. Polym. J., Vol. 41, pp. 2718-2725.

[18]. R. Kumar, and S.S. Sekhon, (2009). “Conductivity Modification of Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing a Weak Acid (Ortho-Hydroxy Benzoic Acid) with the Addition of PMMA and Fumed Silica”. J. Appl. Electrochem., Vol. 39, pp. 439-445.

[19]. R. Kumar, and S. S. Sekhon, (2013). “Conductivity, FTIR Studies and Thermal Behavior of PMMA-based Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Triflic Acid”. Ionics, Vol. 19, pp. 1627-1635.

[20]. Rajiv Kumar, (2014). “Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes”. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, Vol. 2, No. 3, Oct- Dec, 2014, Print ISSN 2347–2235, E-ISSN 2347–615X, pp. 12- 17.

[21]. Rajiv Kumar, (2014). “Comparison of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes containing Weak Aromatic Acids”. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, Vol. 2, No. 2, July-Sep, 2014, Print ISSN 2347–2235, E-ISSN 2347–615X, pp. 23-34.

[22]. R. Kumar, (2014). “Effect of Donor Number of Solvent and Nano-Filler on Electrical Behaviour of Composite Gel Electrolytes”. Insight: An International J. Sci., Vol. 1, pp. 1-6.

[23]. Rajiv Kumar, (2015). “Electrical Properties of Nanocomposite Polymer Gels based on PMMA-DMA/DMCLiCLO₂ -SiO₂ ”. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, Vol. 3 , No. 2, Jul-Sep,2015. Print ISSN 2347–2235, E-ISSN 2347–615X, pp. 21-27.

[24]. R. Kumar, (2015). “Nano-Composite Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Ortho-Nitro Benzoic Acid: Role of Dielectric Constant of Solvent and Fumed Silica”. Ind. J. Phys., Vol. 89, pp. 241-248.

[25]. R. Kumar, (2015). “Characterization of Proton Conducting Polymer Electrolytes based on 2,3-Dimethyl-1- octylimidazolium Triflate (DMOImTf) Ionic Liquid”. Inter. J. Sci., Tech. & Mgt., Vol. 4, pp. 433-441.

[26]. S. Sharma, N. Dhiman, D. Pathak, and R. Kumar, (2016). “Effect of Nano-Size Fumed Silica on Electrical Conductivity of PVdF-HFP based Plasticized Nano- Composite Polymer Electrolytes”. Ionics (In Press). DOI:10.1007/s11581-016-172 1-2.

[27]. Shuchi Sharma, Naresh Dhiman, Dinesh Pathak and Rajiv Kumar, (2016). “Effect of Donor Number of Plasticizers on Conductivity of Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH F”. i- manager's Journal on Material Science, Vol. 3, No. 4, Jan- Mar,2016. Print ISSN 2347–2235, E-ISSN 2347–615X, pp. 28- 34.

[28]. R. Kumar, S. Sharma, N. Dhiman, and D. Pathak, (2016). “Study of Proton Conducting PVdF based Plasticized Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH₄F”. Mater. Sci. Res. India, Vol. 13, pp. 21-27.

[29]. R. Kumar, and S. S. Sekhon, (2004). “Evidence of Ion Pair Breaking by Dispersed Polymer in Polymer Gel Electrolytes”. Ionics, Vol. 10, pp. 10-16.

[30]. H.P. Singh, R. Kumar, and S.S. Sekhon, (2005). “Correlation between Ionic Conductivity and Fluidity of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing NH₄CF₃SO₃ ”. Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 28, pp. 467-472.

[31]. R. Kumar, N. Arora, S. Sharma, N. Dhiman, and D. Pathak, (2016). “Electrical Characterization of Nanocomposite Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing NH₄BF₄ and SiO₂ : Role of Donor Number of Solvent and Fumed Silica”. Ionics, - Communicated.

[32]. J.O.M. Bockris, A.K.N. Reddy, M.E.G. Aldeco, (2001). Modern Electrochemistry: Fundamentals of Electronics. 2^nd Ed. Springer US.

[33]. D.A. Skoog, J.J. Leary, (1992). Principles of Instrumental Analysis. Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Orlando. U. S. A., Ch. 20.

[34]. M.A. Ratner, (1987). In: Polymer Electrolyte Reviews-I; J.R. MacCallum, C.A. Vincent, (Eds.), Elsevier Applied Science, New York.

[35]. R. Kumar, S. Sharma, D. Pathak, N. Dhiman, N. Arora, (2016). “Role of Nano-Filler and Plasticizer in Enhancement of Conductivity of Nano-Composite Polymer Electrolytes Containing Triflic Acid”. Ionics – Communicated.

[36]. R. Kumar, (2016). “Effect of Plasticizer on Conductivity of PVdF-HFP based Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH₄F”. Euro. Phys. J. Appl. Phys – Communicated.

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Research Paper

Study of the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Hot Die Steel AISI-H13

Sanjeev Katoch* , Rakesh Sehgal, Vishal Singh*

* Research Scholar, Centre for Material Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India.

Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India.

* Associate Professor, Centre for Material Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India.

Katoch, S., Sehgal, R., and Singh, V. (2016). Study of the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Hot Die Steel AISI-H13. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8125

Abstract

In this paper, an effort has been made to investigate the influence of Deep Cryogenic Treatment (DCT) on the mechanical properties of hot die steel grade AISI H13. DCT has been performed at -154 °C for 6, 21, and 36 hours and tempered for 2 hours at 620 °C. The mechanical properties obtained after DCT and conventional vacuum heat treatment have been characterized with a distinction to comprehend the influence of cryogenic treatment vis-à-vis vacuum heat treatment and tempering on the hardness, tensile strength, % elongation, and toughness (in Charpy Vnotch Impact Test (CVN)). The results show that cryogenically treated samples viz. ATC1 (6) T have 3.1% higher hardness, 36% higher toughness (CVN) and 46% higher percentage elongation than A3T treated samples respectively, while the tensile strength varied cryogenically treated samples show the reduction in tensile strength by 12.8%, in comparison to A3T treated samples. Field emission scanning electron microscopy has been used for the study of the morphology of microstructure and fractured surfaces.

References

[1]. Holmberg, K., and Matthews A, (1998). Coating Tribology: Properties, Techniques and Applications in Surface Engineering. Elsevier Science B.V., Netherlands.

[2]. Leite, M.V, Figueroa, C.A, Gallo, S. C, Rovani, A.C, Basso, R.L.O, Mei, P.R, Baumvol, I.J.R, and Sinatora A, (2010). “Wear Mechanisms and Microstructure of Pulsed Plasma Nitrided AISI H13 Tool Steel”. Wear, Vol. 269, pp. 466- 472.

[3]. Jawing, X. J., Peng, Q., Fan, H., Wang, Y., Li, G., and Shen, B. (2009). “Effects of DC Plasma Nitriding Parameter on Microstructure and Properties of 304L Stainless Steel”. Material Characterization, Vol. 60, pp.197-203.

[4]. Lal, D.M., Renganarayanan, S., and Kalanidhi, A. (2001). “Cryogenic Treatment to Augment Wear Resistance of Tool and Die Steel”. Cryogenics, Vol. 41, pp. 149-155.

[5]. Barron, R.F. (1973). “Effects of Cryogenic Treatment on Lath Tool Wear”. Progress in Refrigeration Science and Technology. Publishing Co., Westport, Vol.1, pp.529-534.

[6]. Roberts, G. (1998). Tools Steels. ASM International, th Materials Park, OH, USA, 5 edition, pp.46-66.

[7]. Totten, G.E. (2006). Steel Heat Treatment Handbook (Metallurgy and Techniques). Taylor & Francis, UK.

[8]. Molinari, A., Pellizzari, M., Gialanella, S., Straffelini, G., and Stiasny, K.H. (2001). “Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Tool Steels”. Material Processing Technology, Vol. 118, pp. 350-355.

[9]. Das, Debdulal. Dutta, A. K., and Ray, K. K. (2010). “Sub- Zero Treatments of AISI D2 Steel: Part I. Microstructure and Hardness”. Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 527, pp. 2182-2193.

[10]. Amini, K., Nategh, S., and Shafyei, A. (2010). “Influence of Different Cryo-treatments on Tribological Behavior of 80CrMo12 5 Cold Work Tool Steel”. Materials and Design, Vol. 31, pp. 4666-4675.

[11]. Gill, S.S., Singh, J., Singh, R., and Singh, H. (2012). “Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on AISI M2 High Speed Steel: Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization”. JMEPEG, Vol. 21, pp. 1320-1326. DOI: 10.1007/s11665- 011-0032-z.

[12]. Mehtedi, M. E., Ricci, P., Drudi, L., Mohtadi, S. E., Cabibbo, M., and Spigarelli, S. (2012). “Analysis of the Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Hardness and Microstructure of X30 Cr Mo N 15 1 Steel”. Materials and Design, Vol. 33, pp. 136-144.

[13]. Fanju, M., Kohsuke, T., Ryo, A., and Hidea, K. (1994). “Role of ?-Carbide Precipitation in the Wear Resistance Improvement of Fe-12Cr-Mo- V-1.4C Tool Steel by the Cryogenic Treatment”. ISI Journal International, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 205-210.

[14]. Collins, D.N. (1996). “Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Tool Steels: Review”. Heat Treatment of Metals, Vol. 2, pp. 40-42.

[15]. Straffenlini, G., Bizzotto, G., and Zanon, V. (2010). “Improving the Wear Resistance of Tools for Stamping”. Wear, Vol. 269, pp. 693-697.

[16]. Silva, F.J., Franco, S.D., Machado, A.R., Ezugwu, E.O., and Soozajr, A.M. (2006). “Performance of Cryogenically Treated HSS Tools”. Wear, Vol. 261, pp. 674-85.

[17]. Firouzdor, V., Nejati, E., and Khomamizad, F. (2008). “Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Resistance and Tool Life of M2 HSS Drill”. Journal of Material Process Technology, Vol. 206, pp. 467-72.

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[19]. Huang, Y., Zhu, Y.T., Liao, X.Z., Beyerlein, I.J., Bourlce, M.A., and Mitchell, T.E. (2003). “Microstructure of Cryogenic Treated M2 Tool Steel”. Material Science and Engineering A, Vol. 339, pp. 241-244.

[20]. Gogte, C.L., Iyer, K.M., Paretka, R.K., and Peshwe, D.R. (2009). “Deep Subzero Processing of Metals and Alloys: Evolution of Microstructure of AISI T42 Tool Steel”. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 24(7&8), pp. 718-722.

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[22]. Bayer, A.M., Vasco, T., and Walton, L.R. (1995). Properties and Selection: Iron, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook Vol. 1. ASM rd International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 3 edition, pp. 770.

[23]. ASTM E08-08, (2009). “Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials”. ASTM Annual Book of Standard's, Vol. 3.01, West Conshohocken, PA, United States.

[24]. ASTM E23-07a, (2009). “Standard Test Method for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials”. ASTM Annual Book of Standard's, Vol. 3.01, West Conshohocken, PA, United States.

[25]. ASTM E3-01 (Reapproved 2007), (2009). “Standard Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens”. ASTM Annual Book of Standards, Vol. 3.01, West Conshohocken, PA, United States.

[26]. ASTM E384-08a, (2009). “Standard Test Method for Micro Indentation Hardness of Materials”. ASTM Annual Book of Standard's, Vol. 3.01, West Conshohocken, PA, United States,

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Research Paper

Thermal Conductivity of Fly Ash Cenospheres for Variable Particle Size Ranges

Craig Menezes* , Ajit P. Rathod, Kailas L. Wasewar*

* UG Scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

* Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

Menezes, C., Rathod, A.P., and Wasewar, K. L. (2016). Thermal Conductivity of Fly Ash Cenospheres for Variable Particle Size Ranges. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 19-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8126

Abstract

Thermal conductivity of a material is a physical property of significant importance in the field of engineering. In the present study, the thermal conductivity of cenospheres have been experimentally determined for particle diameter size ranges of < 105 μm, 105 μm to 180 μm, and > 180 μm using concentric spheres method. The experimentally estimated thermal conductivity of cenosphere has been found to be in the range of 0.128 - 0.365 W/mK which is comparable with literature.

References

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[7]. Raask, E., (1969). “Cenospheres in Pulverized Fuel Ash”. Journal of the Institute of Fuel, Vol. 48, pp. 366-374.

[8]. Ngu, L., Wu, H., and Zhang, D., (2007). “Characterization of Ash Cenospheres n Fly Ash from Australian Power Stations”. Energy and Fuel, Vol. 21. pp. 3437-3445.

[9]. Kruger, R.A., (1996). “The Use of Cenospheres in Refractories”. Energeia, Vol. 7, No. 4.

[10]. Gupta, N., Woldesenbet, E., and Mensah, P. (2004). “Compression Properties of Syntactic Foams: Effect of Cenosphere Radius Ratio and Specimen Aspect Ratio”. Composites Part-A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 35, pp. 103–111.

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Research Paper

FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry

Siksha Swaroopa Kar* , Pramod Kumar Jain, G. Sekaran*

* Scientist, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, Delhi, India.

Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

* Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.

Kar, S.S., Jain, P. K., and Sekaran, G. (2016). FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8127

Abstract

Bitumen is a visco-elastic material, and primary requirement for flexible pavement construction. Elementally, bitumen is around 95% carbon and hydrogen, containing about 85% of hydrogen and 8% of carbon, and up to 5% sulfur, 1% nitrogen, 1% oxygen and 2000 ppm metals. It is composed mainly of highly condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microscope is used for studying the hydrocarbon composition of bitumen. With the addition of different modifiers, the required properties of bitumen for road construction is improved. In this study, waste generated from leather industry is converted into non hazardous form which is used as a modifier to the bitumen. FTIR measurements were conducted for obtaining the microstructure distribution of neat and modified bitumen. Meanwhile, the short-term and long-term aging processes of bitumens are simulated by Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) tests. Sulfoxide and carbonyl index were calculated for the aged and neat binders and it has been observed that, the rate of oxidation is faster in neat bitumen compared to modified binder.

References

[1]. AASHTO 283-03, Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture Induced Damage.

[2]. Achi S S, Ddeyemo D J, Maju and C, Tagang J. (2012). “Characterization of Buffing Dust using Nigerian Research Reactor 1 (NIRR-1) and its Environmental Impact”. Scholars Research Library, Archives of Applied Science Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 372-380.

[3]. ASTM D 6521. Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV), 2013.

[4]. CONAMA, (2005). Conselho Nacional Do Meio Ambiente Brasilia: Resolucao no. 357, Diario Oficial 17.05.2005 Oficio no 88.351/83.

[5]. Indian Standards, (1992). Paving Bitumen Specification (IS: 73-1992).

[6]. Kalaichelvi S.B., Mohandoss K., and Sekaran G, (2015). “Studies on Utilization of Chromium Impregnated Buffing Dust as A Modifier in Bitumen”. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 2 No. 03.

[7]. Krummenauer K and J.J. Oliveira Andrade (2009). “Incorporation of chromium-tanned leather residue to asphalt micro-surface layer”. Constr. Build. Mater. Vol. 23, pp. 574–581.

[8]. Lamontagnea, J., Dumasb, P., Mouilletb, V., and Kister, J. (2001). “Comparison by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy of Different Ageing Techniques: Application to road bitumens.” J. Fuel, Vol. 80, No. 4, pp. 483–488.

[9]. Ouyang, C., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, Y. (2006). “Improving the Aging Resistance of Asphalt by Addition of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate”. Fuel, Vol. 85, No 7-8, pp. 1060–1066.

[10]. Petersen, J. C. (2009). “A Review of the Fundamentals of Asphalt Oxidation: Chemical, Physicochemical, Physical Property, and Durability Relationships.” Transportation Research Circular E-C140, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, pp. 1–54.

[11]. Rajaram J, Rajnikanth B and Gnanamani A, (2009). “Characterization and Application of Leather Particulate- Polymer Composites (LPPCs)”. Journal of Polym Environ, Vol. 6, No. 9.

[12]. Rastogi S K, Kesavachandran C, Mahdi F, and Pandey A. (2007). “Occupational cancers in leather tanning industries: A short review”. Ind. J. Occup. Environ. Med., Vol. 11, pp. 3-5.

[13]. Roberts, F., Kandhal, P., Brown, E.R., Lee, D.Y., and Kennedy, T. (1996). “Hot Mix Asphalt Materials, Mixture Design and Construction”. NAPA Research and Education Foundation, Lanham, Md.

[14]. Sethuraman C., Srinivas K, Sekaran G. (2013). “Double Pyrolysis of Chrome Tanned Leather Solid Waste for Safe Disposal and Products Recovery”. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 4, No. 11,pp. 61.

[15]. Sunder V.J., Raghava Rao, J. and Muralkdharan C., (2002). “Cleaner Chrome Tanning-emerging Options”. J. Clean. Prod. Vol. 10, pp. 69-74.

[16]. Tahiri S, Bouhria M, Albizane A, Messaoudi A, Azzi M, Alami S Y, and Mabvour J. (2004). “Extraction of Proteins from Chrome Shavings with Sodium Hydroxide and Reuse of Chromium in the Tanning Process”. J. Am. Leath. Chem. Assoc. (JALCA), Vol. 99, No. 16-25.

[17]. Venkatachalam A, and Manoharan P D, (2015). “Design of High Performance Bituminous Mix Using Tannery th Waste”. Proceedings of 27 IRF International Conference, Chennai, India, ISBN: 978-93-85465-35-2

[18]. Yut, I., and Zofka, A. (2011). “Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of oxidized polymer-modified bitumens.” Appl. Spectrosc., Vol. 65, No. 7, pp. 765–770.

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Review Paper

Superalloys under the Effect of Hot Corrosion and Role of HVOF Coatings - A Review

Atul Agnihotri* , Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi**

* Research Scholar, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India.

Agnihotri, A., and Kalsi, S. S. (2016). Superalloys under the Effect of Hot Corrosion and Role of HVOF Coatings - A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8128

Abstract

Superalloys are generally used for structural components at high temperatures above 540 °C in corrosive environments. The rising demand for more electricity, reduced plant emissions and higher efficient power plants had forced us to use better corrosion resistance materials. Only superalloys can meet these demands since they exhibit outstanding strength and surface stability at temperatures upto 85% of their melting points. At elevated temperatures and in oxidizing atmosphere, the metals and alloys start degrading due to the induction of fused salts deposits which is also known as the hot corrosion. Hot Corrosion has become a serious problem in boilers, gas turbines, IC engines and paper and pulp industries. No alloy is found to resist hot corrosion attack indefinitely. Though superalloys have been designed for elevated temperature applications, however protective coatings are applied to enhance their life for use in corrosive environments as they are not able to meet the requirement of high temperature strength and high temperature corrosion resistance simultaneously. The aim of the present study is to discuss the hot corrosion behaviours of the coatings at higher temperature under the light of available literature.

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Review Paper

Composite Materials and their Recycling

Tom Page*

*Senior Lecturer, Loughborough Design School, United Kingdom.

Page, T. (2016). Composite Materials and their Recycling. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8129

Abstract

This paper presents an assessment of the growing use of Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic and Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic composites in the automotive and marine industry through the decades to current use. This report investigates how legislation such as the End of Life of Vehicles (ELV) will force the automotive industry to prepare for end of life recycling and gauge their progress with the aid of reports from the Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN) and Stella Job, who is a Supply Chain and Environment Officer for the UK trade association Composites UK, outlining the process of pyrolysis and solvolysis, with the aid of informal industry interviews and a case study at a small British sports car manufacturer to consider the practical work required.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 3

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Volume 4 Issue 2 July - September 2016

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Thermal Conductivity of Fly Ash Cenospheres for Variable Particle Size Ranges

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FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry

Siksha Swaroopa Kar* , Pramod Kumar Jain**, G. Sekaran***

* Scientist, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, Delhi, India. ** Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India. *** Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.

Kar, S.S., Jain, P. K., and Sekaran, G. (2016). FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8127

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Superalloys under the Effect of Hot Corrosion and Role of HVOF Coatings - A Review

Atul Agnihotri* , Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi**

* Research Scholar, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India.

Agnihotri, A., and Kalsi, S. S. (2016). Superalloys under the Effect of Hot Corrosion and Role of HVOF Coatings - A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8128

Abstract

References

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Composite Materials and their Recycling

Tom Page*

*Senior Lecturer, Loughborough Design School, United Kingdom.

Page, T. (2016). Composite Materials and their Recycling. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8129

Abstract

References

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Dr. Rajiv Kumar* , Shuchi Sharma, Naresh Dhiman*, Dinesh Pathak****

Sanjeev Katoch* , Rakesh Sehgal, Vishal Singh*

Craig Menezes* , Ajit P. Rathod, Kailas L. Wasewar*

Siksha Swaroopa Kar* , Pramod Kumar Jain, G. Sekaran*

* Scientist, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, Delhi, India.

Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

* Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.

* Research Scholar, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India.