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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 3

Exploring the Optical and Structural Properties of Chromium (Cr)-Doped Polyaniline
Green Route Extraction of TPA Monomer from Poly Cotton Fibre: A Sustainable Recovery Approach
Efficient Extraction of Diesel Oil from Waste Plastics: A Comprehensive Study
Laser-Based Ultrasonics for Non-Destructive Material Testing: A Practical Guide
Advancements and Applications of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters: A Comprehensive Review

Most Cited

Volume 2 Issue 3 October - December 2014

Research Paper

Finite Element Analysis for Optimal Design of Filament Wound Composite Tubes

Yasser Rihan* , B. Abd El-Bary**

* Atomic Energy Authority, Hot Lab. Center, Egypt.

** Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering, Production Engineering & Mechanical Design Department, Egypt.

Rihan, Y., & El-Bary, B. A. (2014). Finite Element Analysis for Optimal Design of Filament Wound Composite Tubes. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2957

Abstract

Filament wound composite tubes can be used for making high-pressure storage tanks, rocket motor cases, and launch tubes, and for commercial applications, such as golf club shafts and fishing rods. A variety of fibers and resins can be used, depending on the cost and the level of performance needed. This paper presents the results of a mathematical modeling investigation into the behavior of the filament wound composite tubes subjected to various loading conditions. Filament wound tubes were modeled as multi layered orthotropic tubes and several analyses were performed on these tubes by using finite element method (FEM). Three types of fiber epoxy tubes with different wind angles, level of orthotropy and various ratios of the loading conditions were produced and tested for the behavior of filament wound composite tubes. The required data were obtained for the design of filament wound composite tubes under combined loading. The mathematical model used was validated using experimental data obtained from filament wound tube tests in previous studies.

References

[1]. Gibson, F. R. (2010). “A review of recent research on mechanics of multifunctional composite materials and structures”, Composite Structures, Vol. 92, pp. 2793–2810.

[2]. Al-Khalil, M.F.S., Soden, P.D., Kitching, R., and Hintonm, M.J. (1996). “The effects of radial stresses on the strength of thin-walled filament wound GRP composite pressure cylinders”, Int. J. Mech. Sci., Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 97-120.

[3]. Hwang, T., Park, J., and Kim, H. (2012). “Evaluation of fiber material properties in filament-wound composite pressure vessels”, Composites: Part A, Vol. 43, pp. 1467- 1475.

[4]. Gemi, L., Tarakçioglu, N., Akdemir, A., and Sahin, Ö. (2009). “Progressive fatigue failure behavior of glass/epoxy (±75)2 filament-wound pipes under pure internal pressure”, Materials and Design, Vol. 30, pp. 4293-4298.

[5]. Martins, L.A., Bastian, F.L., and Netto, T.A. (2012). “Structural and functional failure pressure of filament wound composite tubes”, Materials and Design, Vol. 36, pp. 779-787.

[6]. Martins, L.A.L., Bastian, F.L., and Netto, T.A. (2014). “Reviewing some design issues for filament wound composite tubes”, Materials and Design, Vol. 55, pp. 242- 249.

[7]. Meijer, G., and Ellyin, F. (2008). “A failure envelope for ±60 filament wound glass fibre reinforced epoxy tubular, Composites”: Part A, Vol. 39, pp. 555-564.

[8]. Herakovich, C.T. (1998). Mechanics of Fibrous Composites, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY.

[9]. Parnas, L., and Katirci, N. (2002). “Design of fiberreinforced composite pressure vessels under various loading conditions”, Composite Structures, Vol. 58, pp. 83-95.

[10]. Al-Khalil, M.F., and Soden, P.D. (1994). “Theoretical Through Thickness Elastic Constants for Filament Wound Composite Tubes”, Int. J. Mech. Sci., Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 49- 62.

[11]. M_SAG-39 (1996). “Filaman Sargi Teknigi Ile Kompozit Malzeme Kullanarak Basinca Dayanikli Optimum Boru Tasarimi”, TUBITAK MISAG-39 Projesi Sonuç Raporu, Baris Elektrik Endüstrisi AS.ure

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Research Paper

Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes

Dr. Rajiv Kumar*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutt Sanatan Dharam College, Hariana, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India.

Kumar, R. (2014). Enhancement in electrical properties of PEO based nano-composite gel electrolytes. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2962

Abstract

The nano-composite polymer gel electrolytes containing polyethylene oxide (PEO), triflic acid, dimethylacetamide (DMA), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC) and nano-porous alumina filler (Al2O3) have been synthesized. The AC impedance has been studied to evaluate Ionic conductivity of the electrolytes. pH, viscosity and thermal properties of these electrolytes have also been studied. The increase in conductivity has been observed with the addition of polymer to liquid electrolytes which has been explained to be due to the breaking of ion aggregates present in electrolytes. The increase in free H⁺ ion concentration upon breaking of ion aggregates has also been observed in pH measurements. It was observed that the conductivity increases with an increase in the concentration of nano filler and two maxima in conductivity have also been observed. The maximum conductivity of 1.02 × 10^-2S/cm has been observed at 8 wt% concentration of nano filler. A possible mechanism for the increase in conductivity could be the creation of additional hopping sites and favorable conducting pathways for migrating ionic species though Lewis acid- base type interactions between ionic species and O^-sites on the filler grain surface. Temperature dependence conductivity of polymer gel electrolytes follows Arrhenius behaviour. The gels containing DMA are stable over upto 125^o C range of temperature, while gels based on PC and EC are stable only upto 40^oC temperature range which looses their gelling nature above 40^o C. The conductivity does not show any appreciable change with temperature which is desirable for their use in smart electrochemical applications at low temperature.

References

[1]. Ph. Colomban, (1992). (ed) Proton Conductors (solids, membranes and gels - materials and devices) Cambridge University Press.

[2]. K. D. Kreuer, A. Fuchs, M. Ise, M. Spaeth, (1998). “Imidazole and pyrazole-based proton conducting polymers and liquids” J. Maier, Electrochim. Acta, Vol. 43, pp. 1281-1288.

[3]. A. Hampp, A. L. Holt, J. G. A. Wehner, D. E. Morse, (2012). US Patent 8,094,361.

[4]. A. M. Grillone, S. Panero, B. A. Retamal, B. Scrosati, (1999). “Proton polymeric gel electrolyte membranes based on polymethylmethacrylate” J. Electrochem. Soc.,

[5]. R. Kumar, S. S. Sekhon, (2004). “Evidence of ion pair breaking by dispersed polymer in polymer gel electrolytes” Ionics, Vol. 10 pp. 436-442.

[6]. R. Kumar, S. S. Sekhon, (2008). “Effect of molecular weight of PMMA on the conductivity and viscosity behaviour of polymer gel electrolytes containing NH₄CF ₃ SO ₃” Ionics, Vol. 14 pp. 509-514.

[7]. R. Kumar, S. S. Sekhon, (2013). "Conductivity, FTIR studies and thermal behavior of PMMA-based proton conducting polymer gel electrolytes containing triflic acid", Ionics, Vol. 19, pp. 1627-1635.

[8]. R. Kumar, (2014). “Nano-composite polymer gel electrolytes containing ortho-nitro benzoic acid: Role of dielectric constant of solvent and fumed silica” Ind. J. Phys., DOI: 10.1007/s12648-014-0551-1.

9]. J. E. Weston, B. C. H. Steele, (1982). “Effects of inert fillers on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of lithium salt-poly(ethylene oxide) polymer electrolytes” Solid State Ionics, Vol. 7, pp. 75-79.

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[14]. H. J. Walls, J. Zhou, J. A. Yerian, P.S. Fedkiw, S.S. Khan, M.K. Stove, G.L. Baker, (2000). “Fumed silica-based composite polymer electrolytes: Synthesis, rheology, and electrochemistry” J. Power Sources, Vol. 89, pp. 156-162.

[15]. G. B. Appetecchi, P. Romagnoli, B. Scrosati, (2001). “Composite gel membranes: A new class of improved polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries” Electrochem. Commu, Vol. 3, pp. 281-284.

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[17]. D. Kumar, S. A. Hashmi, (2010). “Ion transport and ion–filler-polymer interaction in poly(methyl methacrylate)- based, sodium ion conducting, gel polymer electrolytes dispersed with silica nanoparticles”, J. Power Sources, Vol. 195, pp. 5101–5108.

[18]. P. Zhang, L C. Yang, L. L. Li, M. L. Ding, Y. P. Wu, R. Holze, (2011). “Enhanced electrochemical and mechanical properties of P(VDF-HFP)-based composite polymer electrolytes with SiO2 nanowires”, J. Membrane Sci., Vol. 379, pp. 80-85.

[19]. A. Chandra, P. C. Srivastava, S. Chandra, (1992). Solid State Ionics: Materials and Applications, (Eds. B. V. R. Chowdari, S. Chandra, Shri Singh, P. C. Srivastava), World Scientific, Singapore, p. 397.

[20]. C. Capiglia, P. Mustarelli, E. Quartarone, C. Tomasi, A. Magistris, (1999). “Effects of nanoscale SiO on the thermal 2 and transport properties of solvent-free, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based polymer electrolytes” Solid State Ionics, Vol. 118, pp. 73-79.

[21]. V. G. Ponomareva, G.V. Lavrova, L.G. Simonova, (1999). “Effect of SiO morphology and pores size on the 2 proton nanocomposite electrolytes properties” Solid State Ionics, Vol. 119, pp. 295-299.

[22]. M. A. K. L. Dissanayake, P. A. R. D. Jayathilaka, B. S. P. Bokalawala, I. Albinsson, B. E. Mellander, (2003). “Effect of concentration and grain size of alumina filler on the ionic conductivity enhancement of the (PEO)9LiCF3SO3:Al2O3 composite polymer electrolyte” J. Power Sources, Vol. 119- 121, pp. 409-414.

[23]. R. Kumar, S. S. Sekhon, (2009). “Conductivity modification of proton conducting polymer gel electrolytes containing a weak acid (ortho-hydroxy benzoic acid) with the addition of PMMA and fumed silica” J. Appl. Electrochem., Vol. 39, pp. 439-445.

[24]. Rajiv Kumar (2014). “Comparison Of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Weak Aromatic Acids”. i-manager's Journal on Material Science. 2(2) July-Sep,2014. Print ISSN 2347–2235, E-ISSN 2347–615X, pp. 23-34.

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Research Paper

Study On Design And Manufacturing Of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell By Using Biomass Based Dye: Performance Evaluation Of Different Types Of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

K. Mohan Reddy* , K.S.R. Murthy**

*-** Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering Studies, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India.

Reddy, K. M., & Murthy, K. S. R. (2014). Study on Design and Manufacturing of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell by Using Biomass Based Dye: Performance Evaluation of Different Types of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2964

Abstract

The present study is aimed at developing third generation Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) technology research which is being recently used as an alternative to crystalline solar cell because of its increase in the efficiency with less cost, thin film and flexibility. The paper includes the most recent research topics on utilization of porous zinc oxide photo electrode, Graphene, Nano structured titanium oxide, ionic liquid electrolytes, carbon Nano tubes and biomass based pigments for manufacturing dye sensitized solar cell. The paper also describes various options to increase the efficiency and analyses the perspectives for the future development of the technology. This study not only covers the fundamentals of DSSC but also the related cutting edge research like durability, high efficiency, low cost and rural level manufacture process by using screen printer, dye tank and programmable hot plate and its development for its commercial applications.

References

[1]. A.E Becquerel, (1839). “Recherches sur les effets de la radiation chimique de la lumière solaire, au moyen des courants électriques”, C R Acad. Sci. Vol. 9, pp. 145- 149,

[2]. W. West, (1974). “ First hundred years of spectral sensitization”, Proc. Vogel. Cent. Symp. Photogr. Sci. Eng., Vol.18, pp 35-48,

[3]. Gerischer, H.; Tributsch, H. (1968). “Electrochemische Untersuchungen zur spectraleu sensibilisierung von ZnOEinkristallen. Ber. Bunsenges”, Phys. Chem. Vol.72, pp. 437- 445,

[4]. K. Hauffe, H.J.Danzmann, H. Pusch, J. Range, H. Volz, (1970). “New Experiments on the sensitization of zinc oxide by means of the electrochemical cell technique”, J. Electrochem. Soc, Vol. 117, pp. 993-999,

[5]. V.A. Myamlin, Y.V. Pleskov, (1967). “Electrochemistry of Semiconductors” Plenum Press: New York, NY, USA,

[6]. A. Hagfeldt, M.Gratzel, (1995). “Light-Induced redox reactions in nanocrystalline systems”. Chem. Rev, Vol. 95, pp. 49-68,

[7]. C.Chen, M. Wang,; J. Li, N. Pootrakulchote, L. Alibabaei, C. Ngoc-le, J.D. Decoppet, J. Tsai, C. Gratzel, C. Wu, MS. Zakeeruddin, M. Gratzel, (2009). efficient light-harvesting ruthenium sensitizer for thin-film dye-sensitized solar cells”. ACS Nano. Vol.3,pp. 3103-3109,

[8]. Lee, W.J.; Ramasamy, E.; Lee, D.Y.; Song, J.S. (2007). “Dye-sensitized solar cells: Scale up and current-voltage characterization”. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, Vol.91, pp.1676-1680.

[9]. Moser, J. (1887), Notiz über Verstärkung photoelektrischer Ströme durch optische Sensibilisirung. Monatsh. Chem. Vol.8, pp.373.

[10]. Vlachopoulos, N.; Liska, P.; Augustynski, J.; Gratzel, M. (1988). “Very efficient visible light energy harvesting and conversion by spectral sensitization of high surface area polycrystalline titanium dioxide films”. J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol.110, pp.1216-1220.

[11]. Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Kay, A.; Rodicio, I.; Humphry- Baker, R.; Muller, E.; Liska, P.; Vlachopoulos, N.; Gratzel, M. (1993). Conversion of light to electricity by cis-X2bis (2,2'- bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate) ruthenium(II) charge-transfer sensitizers (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide electrodes. J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol.115, pp.6382-6390.

[12]. Nazeeruddin, M.K.; Pechy, P.; Renouard, T.; Zakeeruddin, S.M.; Baker, R.H.; Comte, P.; Liska, P.; Cevey, L.; Costa, E.; Shklover, V.; Spiccia, L.; Deacon, G.B.; Bignozzi, C.A.; Gratzel, M. (2001). “Engineering of efficient panchromatic sensitizers for nanocrystalline TiO -Based 2 solar cells”. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol.123, pp.1613-1624.

[13]. Bach, U.; Lupo, D.; Comte, P.; Moser, J.E.; Weissortel, F.; Salbeck, J.; Spreitzer, H.; Gratzel, M. (1998). “Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO solar cells with high 2 photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies”. Nature, Vol.395, pp.583-585.

[14]. Tennakone, K.; Kumara, G.R.R.A.; Kottegada, I.R.M.; Wijanthana, K.G.U.; Perera, P.S. A (1998). Solid-state photovoltaic cell sensitized with a ruthenium bipyridyl complex”. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. , Vol.31, pp.1492-1496.

[15]. Hagen, J.; Schaffrath, W.; Otschik, P.; Fink, R.; Bacher, A.; Schmidt, H.W.; Haarer, D. (1997). “Novel hybrid solar cells consisting of inorganic nanoparticles and an organic hole transport material”. Synth. Met., Vol.89, pp.215-220.

[16]. O'Regan, B.; Schwartz, D.T. (1995) “Efficient photohole injection from adsorbed cyanine dyes into electrodeposited Copper(I) Thiocyanate thin films”. Chem. Mater. Vol.7, pp.1349-1354.

17]. O'Regan, B.; Schwartz, D.T.; Zakeeruddin, S.M.; Gratzel, M. (2000). “Electrodeposited nanocomposite n-p hetero junctions for solid - state dye - sensitized photovoltaics”. Adv. Mater. Vol.12, pp.1263-1267.

[18]. Murakoshi, K.; Kogure, R.; Wada, Y.; Yanagida, S. (1998). “Fabrication of solid-state dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cells combined with polypyrrole. Sol. Energy Mater”. Sol. Cells, Vol.55, pp.113-125.

[19]. K. Tennakone, G.R.R. Kumara, I.R.M. Kottegoda, V.S.P. Perera, (1999). ”An efficient dye sensitized photo electrochemical solar cell made from oxides of tin and zinc”Chem. Commun. 15.

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[21]. Perlin, John (2004). "The Silicon Solar Cell Turns 50" National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 5 October 2010.

[22]. Michael Grätzel (2003).“Dye-sensitized solar cells” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews

[23]. Grätzel, M., (2009), “Recent advances in sensitized mesoscopic solar cells” Acc. Chem. Res. Vol.42 (11), pp.1788-1798.

[25]. Boyle, G., Open, U., (1996). “Renewable energy: power for a sustainable future”. Oxford University Press in association with the Open University: Oxford,

[26]. Grätzel, M., Philos. (2007), “Photovoltaic and photo electrochemical conversion of solar energy” Trans. R. Soc. London, A Vol. 365 (1853), pp. 993-1005.

[27]. Hagfeldt, A., Boschloo, G., Sun, L. C., Kloo, L., Pettersson, (2010), “Dye-sensitized solar cells” H., Chem. Rev. Vol. 110 (11),pp. 6595-6663.

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Research Paper

Preparation and Characterization of Long Persistence Strontium Aluminate Phosphor

Dr R. P.*

*Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SSGI, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Junwani, Bhilai (C.G.), India

Patel, R. P. (2014). Preparation and Characterization of Long Persistence Strontium Aluminate Phosphor. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 27-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2965

Abstract

The present paper reports the synthesis of SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺ , Dy³⁺ long persistent nano phosphor by combustion method using urea as reducer at 650°C. Crystallization, particles size and luminescence properties of the sample have been investigated. It is found' that the average size of particle is nano to micrometer. The emission spectra are broad bands with the peaks at 520 nm, respectively. The persistent luminescence phenomenon involves the formation of traps followed by thermal bleaching of traps and the characteristic Eu²⁺ emission as well as the nature of traps and the persistent time is 10 times longer than that of traditional sulfide phosphors . Absorption spectra and XRD have been used to characterize the synthesized phosphor.

References

[1]. Matsuzawa T., Aoki Y., Takeuchi N. & Murayama Y (1996). “A new long phosphorescent phosphor with high brightness SrAl₂O₄ : Eu²⁺ , Dy³⁺ ”. J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol.143 (8), pp. 2670– 2673.

[2]. Luitel H. N. (2010). “Preparation and properties of long persistent Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅ phosphors activated by rare earth metal ions”: Ph. D. thesis, Saga University.

[3]. Sharma Suchinder K., Pitale Shreyas S., Malik M. Manzar, Rao T. K. Gundu., Chawla S., Qureshi M.S., & Dubey R.N. (2010). “Spectral and defect analysis of Cudoped combustion synthesized new SrAl₄O₇ phosphor”. J. of Lumin. 130(2), 240-248.

[4]. Nag A.& Kutty T.R.N. (2003). “Role of B₂O₃ on the phase stability and long phosphorescence of SrAl₂O₄ : Eu²⁺ , Dy^3+'' ”. J. Alloys Comp. Vol. 354 (1-2), pp. 221-231.

[5]. Yuan Z. X., Chang C. K., Mao D. L. & Ying W. (2004). “Effect of composition on the luminescent properties of Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅ :Eu²⁺ , Dy³⁺ phosphors”. J. Alloys Comp. Vol. 377(1-2), pp. 268–271.

[6]. Chang C., Yuan Z. & Mao D. (2006). “Eu²⁺ activated long persistent strontium aluminate nano scaled phosphor prepared by precipitation method”. J. Alloys Comp., Vol. 415( 1-2), pp. 220–224.

[7]. Peng M., Pei Z., Hong G., & Su Q., (2003). “Study on the reduction of Eu³⁺ fi Eu²⁺ in Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅ : Eu prepared in air atmosphere”, Chemical. Phys. Lett. Vol. 371, pp. 1–6.

[8]. Han S.D., Singh K. C., Cho T. Y. et al. (2008). “Preparation and characterization of long persistence strontium aluminate phosphor”. J. Lumin, Vol. 128(3), pp. 301–305.

[9]. Li Q., Zhao J & Sun F.(2010). “Energy transfer mechanism of Sr₂Al₁₄O₂₅ :Eu²⁺ phosphor”. J. Rare Earths, Vol. 28(1), pp. 26–29.

[10]. Danuta Dutczak, Cees Ronda, Andries Meijerink & Thomas Jüstel (2013). “Red luminescence and persistent luminescence of Sr₃Al₂O₅Cl₂:Eu²⁺ ,Dy^3+'' ”. J. Lumin, 141, pp. 150-154.

[11]. Sharma Pooja , Haranath D., Chander Harish , Singh Sukhvir (2008). “Green Chemistry-mediated synthesis of nanostructures of afterglow phosphor”. App. Surf. Sci. Vol. 254 (2008), pp. 4052–4055.

[12]. Shafia E., Aghaei A., Davarpanah A., Bodaghi M., Tahriri M. and Alavi S. H. (2011). “Synthesis and Characterization of SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺ , Dy³⁺ Nanocrystalline Phosphorescent Pigments”. Trans. Ind. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 70 (2), pp. 71-77.

[13]. Yu X., Zhou C., He X., Peng Z., Yang S., (2004). “The influence of some processing conditions on luminescence of SrAl₂ O₄ : Eu²⁺ nanoparticles produced by combustion method”. Mater, Lett. 58, pp. 1087–1091.

[14]. Zhao, C.,& Chen, D., [2007]. “Synthesis of CaAl₂O₄: Eu, Nd long persistent phosphor by combustion processes and its optical properties”. Mater. Lett. Vol. 61, pp. 3673- 3675.

[15]. Gyori Z., Havasi V., Madarász D., Tátrai D., Brigancz T., Szabó G, Kónya Z., Kukovecz A., (2013). “Luminescence properties of Ho³⁺ co-doped SrAl₂O₄ :Eu²⁺ , Dy³⁺ long”- persistent phosphors synthesized with a solid-state method . J. Molecular Struct Vol. 1044, pp. 87–93.

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Research Paper

Investigation Of Electrical Properties Of Polyaniline/Silver Nanocomposite Free Standing Films

Sonika Thakur* , Lakhwant Singh**

* Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University College Verka, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Thakur, S., & Singh, L. (2014). Investigation of Electrical Properties of Polyaniline/Silver Nanocomposite Free Standing Films. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2966

Abstract

This work reports the synthesis and electrical characterization of polyaniline/silver (PA/Ag) nanocomposite free standing films. The dc conductivity measurements in the temperature range of 80-300K, Hall Effect studies at room temperature and dielectric measurements in the frequency range from 75 kHz to 5 MHz of the synthesized films, inferred semiconducting behavior of the samples. Significant improvement in the electrical properties of nanocomposites has been observed and discussed in this manuscript.

References

[1]. Gangopadhyay, R., De, A. (2000). “Conducting polymer nanocomposites: a brief overview”. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 93, pp. 608-622.

[2]. Ma, X., Wang, M., Li, G., Chen, H., Bai, R. (2006). “Preparation of polyaniline–TiO2 composite film with in situ polymerization approach and its gas-sensitivity at room temperature”. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 98, pp. 241-247.

[3]. Granot, E., Katz, E., Basnar, B., Willner, I. (2005). “ Enhanced bio electro catalysis using Au - Nanoparticle/Polyaniline hybrid systems in thin films and microstructured rods assembled on electrodes”. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 17, pp. 4600 -4609.

[4]. Tseng, R. J., Huang, J., Ouyang, J., Kaner, R. B., Yang, Y. (2005). “Polyaniline nanofiber/gold nanoparticle nonvolatile memory”. Nano Letters, Vol. 5, pp. 1077-1080.

[5]. Gupta, K., Jana, P. C., Meikap, A. K. (2010). “Optical and electrical properties of polyaniline-silver nanocomposite”. Synthetic Metals, Vol. 160, pp. 1566- 1573.

[6]. Afzal, A. B., Akhtar, M. J., Nadeem, M., Ahmed, M., Hassan, M. M., Yasin, T., Mehmood, M. (2008). “Structural and electrical properties of polyaniline/silver nanocomposites”. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 42, pp. 015411-015418.

[7]. Singh, R., Narula, A. K., Tandon, R. P., Mansingh, A., Chandra, S. (1996). “Mechanism of charge transport in polypyrrole, poly (N-methylpyrrole) and their copolymers”. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, pp. 1476-1480.

[ 8 ] . Choudhury,A.(2009).“ Polya niline/silver nanocomposites: Dielectric properties and ethanol vapour sensitivity”. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Vol. 138, pp. 318-325.

[9]. Shah, S., Singh, N. L., Qureshi, A., Singh, D., Singh, K. P., Shrinet, V., Tripathi, A. (2008). “Dielectric and structural modification of proton beam irradiated polymer composite”. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 266, pp. 1768-1774.

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Research Paper

Characterisation of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids

Dilraj Preet Kaur*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Dolphin (PG) College of Science and Agriculture, Punjab, India.

Kaur, D. P. (2014). Characterisation of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2967

Abstract

Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP)-ionic liquid gel electrolytes have been synthesized using ionic liquid 2,3-dimethyl-1-hexylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (DMHxImTFSI) and propylene carbonate. Ionic conductivity of the ionic liquid is 2.47 x 10^{- 3} Scm^-1 at 30^oC and polymer gel electrolytes also possess conductivity of the same order. The dependence of ionic conductivity on the concentration of ionic liquid, polymer and temperature has been studied. TGA/DSC (Thermogravimetric Analysis / Differential Scanning Calorimetry) studies show that the polymer gel electrolyte containing ionic liquid is thermally stable upto 100^oC.

References

[1]. J. S. Wilkes and M. J. Zaworotko, (1992). "Air and water stable 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids", J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., Vol.13, pp. 965-967.

[2]. P. Bonhote, A. P. Dias, N. Papageorgiou, K. Kalyanasundaram and M. Gratzel, (1996). “Hydrophobic, highly conductive ambient temperature molten salts”, Inorg Chem., Vol. 35, pp. 1168-1178.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Volume 2 Issue 3 October - December 2014

Finite Element Analysis for Optimal Design of Filament Wound Composite Tubes

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* Atomic Energy Authority, Hot Lab. Center, Egypt. ** Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering, Production Engineering & Mechanical Design Department, Egypt.

Rihan, Y., & El-Bary, B. A. (2014). Finite Element Analysis for Optimal Design of Filament Wound Composite Tubes. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2957

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Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes

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*Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutt Sanatan Dharam College, Hariana, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India.

Kumar, R. (2014). Enhancement in electrical properties of PEO based nano-composite gel electrolytes. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2962

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Study On Design And Manufacturing Of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell By Using Biomass Based Dye: Performance Evaluation Of Different Types Of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

K. Mohan Reddy* , K.S.R. Murthy**

*-** Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering Studies, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India.

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Preparation and Characterization of Long Persistence Strontium Aluminate Phosphor

Dr R. P.*

*Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SSGI, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Junwani, Bhilai (C.G.), India

Patel, R. P. (2014). Preparation and Characterization of Long Persistence Strontium Aluminate Phosphor. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 27-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2965

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Investigation Of Electrical Properties Of Polyaniline/Silver Nanocomposite Free Standing Films

Sonika Thakur* , Lakhwant Singh**

* Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University College Verka, Amritsar, Punjab, India. ** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Thakur, S., & Singh, L. (2014). Investigation of Electrical Properties of Polyaniline/Silver Nanocomposite Free Standing Films. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2966

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Characterisation of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids

Dilraj Preet Kaur*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Dolphin (PG) College of Science and Agriculture, Punjab, India.

Kaur, D. P. (2014). Characterisation of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(3), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.3.2967

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* Atomic Energy Authority, Hot Lab. Center, Egypt.

** Menoufia University, Faculty of Engineering, Production Engineering & Mechanical Design Department, Egypt.

* Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University College Verka, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.