i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 1

Most Cited

Electrical Properties of Nanocomposite Polymer Gels based on PMMA-DMA/DMC-LiCLO₂ -SiO₂
Comparison Of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Weak Aromatic Acids
Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes
Effect of Donor Number of Plasticizers on Conductivity of Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH₄F
PMMA Based Polymer Gel Electrolyte Containing LiCF₃SO₃

Volume 6 Issue 3 October - December 2018

Research Paper

Graphene Materials in Electronic Product Design

Tom Page*

* Associate Professor, Department of Product Design, Nottingham Trent University, England.

Page, T. (2018). Graphene Materials in Electronic Product Design. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14707

Abstract

This paper investigates two areas that Graphene has shown potential in electronics; applications in existing electronics technology and applications in theoretical future biotechnology. The paper utilises research from scientific papers, reports, and journal articles supplemented by industry expert testimonies and a consumer survey. The paper then goes on to discuss how Graphene may enable the production of bio-inert Solution Gated Field Effects Transistors that could enable bidirectional interfacing between electronics and biological tissue, allowing neural interfaces that could allow products such as myoelectric prosthesis to be controlled naturally and provide natural sense feedback to the user. Finally, the paper looks at two current production methods; Micromechanical Cleavage and Chemical Vapour Deposition.

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Research Paper

Bio Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles and their Characterization

R. Khandelwal* , S. K. Arora, V. Uma*, D. M. Phase****

* Assistant Professor (Chemistry), Department of Humanities and Sciences in Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.

-* Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, SPC Government College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.

**** Senior Scientist, UGC-DAE-CSR, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Khandelwal,R., Arora, S. K., Uma, V., and Phase, D. M.. (2018). Bio Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles and their Characterization. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 18-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14799

Abstract

In the present paper, the authors report their work on bio synthesis of silver nanoparticles by aqueous extraction of seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris. These synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by Uv-Vis Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform (FT) infrared spectrometry, Raman Spectroscopy, and XRD, and then evaluated for their corrosion inhibition potential for mild steel in acid media. The results show that the phytochemicals present in the seed extract of Phaseolus vulgaris can act as a reducing agent as well as capping agent for nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles in the form of silver oxide were confirmed in the XRD study with the average size 15.75 nm and cubic in nature. Corrosion inhibition potential of these particles has been determined by mass loss method. Results show that these particles can inhibit rate of corrosion of mild steel in acid media if the uniform protective layer would be formed on the metal surface, and can be used in industries as a corrosion inhibitor. The Scanning Electron Microscopy image of the mild steel samples with and without Ag₂O nanoparticles shows that there is adsorption of nanopaticles on to the metal surface in the presence of acid media.

References

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Research Paper

An Advanced Catalytic action for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on RGO and ZnO nanoparticle composite

Sunayana Kashyap* , Raj Deep**

*Postgraduate, Department of Biotechnology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

**B. Tech Graduate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Kashyap, S., and Deep, R. (2018). An Advanced Catalytic Action for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on RGO and ZnO Nanoparticle Composite. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14861

Abstract

In this work, Zinc Oxide nanoparticle was developed over reduced graphene oxide sheets and cyclic voltammetry was performed with different nanomaterial composites fabricated over electrodes and their graphs were compared. There was an exceptional rise in current, which shows that the composite could be used to catalyse different reactions, which favour transfer of electrons like Hydrogen Reduction Reaction and Oxygen Reduction Reactions. The graphene oxide (GO) was synthesised by improved Hummers method and it was reduced fully by treating it with by L-Ascorbic acid. The composite of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide was synthesised and characterised using different characterization techniques.

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[11]. Muhich, C. L., Ehrhart, B. D., Al-Shankiti, I., Ward, B. J., Musgrave, C. B., & Weimer, A. W. (2016). A review and perspective of efficient hydrogen generation via solar thermal water splitting. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, 5(3), 261-287.

[12]. Shan, C., Yang, H., Han, D., Zhang, Q., Ivaska, A., & Niu, L. (2010). Graphene/AuNPs/chitosan nanocomposites film for glucose biosensing. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 25(5), 1070-1074.

[13]. Uhl, F. M., & Wilkie, C. A. (2004). Preparation of nanocomposites from styrene and modified graphite oxides. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 84(2), 215- 226.

[14]. Xu, Y., Bai, H., Lu, G., Li, C., & Shi, G. (2008). Flexible graphene films via the filtration of water-soluble noncovalent functionalized graphene sheets. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130(18), 5856-5857.

[15]. Yu, J., Hai, Y., & Cheng, B. (2011). Enhanced photocatalytic H₂ -production activity of TiO₂ by Ni (OH)₂ cluster modification. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115(11), 4953-4958.

[16]. Zhang, Q., Li, Z., Wang, S., Li, R., Zhang, X., Liang, Z., ... & Li, C. (2016). Effect of redox cocatalysts location on photocatalytic overall water splitting over cubic NaTaO₃ semiconductor crystals exposed with equivalent facets. ACS Catalysis, 6(4), 2182-2191.

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Research Paper

X-Ray Analysis of In_xse_1-X Crystals by Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Size-Strain Plot Methods

P. B. Patel* , H. N. Desai, Denis*, B. P. Modi****

* Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Physics, J.N.M. Patel Science College, Surat, Gujarat, India.

Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India.

* Associate Professor, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India.

**** Professor, Department of Physics, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University Surat, Gujarat, India.

Patel, P.B., Desai, H. N., Dhimmer, J. M., and Modi, B. P. (2018). X-Ray Analysis of Inxse1-X Crystals by Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Size-Strain. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14725

Abstract

In_xSe_1-x (x=0.2 and x=0.6) crystals have been grown by Bridgman/Stockbarger method. The compositional, morphological and structural properties of In_xSe_1-x semiconductor crystals have been investigated using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) techniques. The freshly cleaved crystals acquired from ingot have mirror-like surface. The powder XRD results revealed that the grown sample was crystalline with a hexagonal structure. SEM image showed that In_xSe_1-x crystals have smooth, homogenous and layered surface. The crystalline developments in the In_xSe_1-x crystals have been investigated by X-ray peak broadening. The Williamson Hall (W-H) analysis and size strain plot methods are used to study the individual contributions of crystallite sizes and lattice strain on the peak broadening of the In_xSe_1-x crystals. The physical parameters such as strain, stress, and energy density values were evaluated more specifically for all the reflection peaks of XRD corresponding to the hexagonal phase of In_xSe_1-x crystals from the modified form of the W-H plot using uniform deformation model (UDM), uniform stress deformation model (USDM), uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM) and by the size strain plot method (SSP). The results obtained showed that the mean crystallite size of the In_xSe_1-x crystals determined from the W-H analysis and the SSP methods are inter-correlated.

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[7]. Emil, E., & Gürmen, S. (2018). Estimation of yttrium oxide microstructural parameters using the Williamson–Hall analysis. Materials Science and Technology, 34(13), 1549-1557.

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Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO₂ Nanoparticles

Eppa Radha* , Durgam Komaraiah, M. V. Ramana Reddy, R. Sayanna, J. Sivakumar

_ PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

, * Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Radha, E., Komaraiah, D., Reddy, M. V. R., Sayanna, R., and Sivakumar, J. (2018). Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO₂ Nanoparticles. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.15318

Abstract

Titania photocatalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method using titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor. The TiO₂ was annealed at 600^oC and 800^oC and then characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), UV-Vis DRSand FTIR spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the TiO₂ annealed at 600^oC was found to be anatase phase and annealed at 800^oC was found to be rutile phase. The crystalline size of anatase TiO₂ is about 17 nm and rutile is about 50nm. The characteristic IR bandobserved from 400 to 900 cm⁻¹corresponds to the Ti–O bond stretching vibrations can be clearly observed from FTIR analysis. The indirect band gap energy of rutile TiO₂is about 2.83 eV and anatase TiO₂is about 3.00 eV.Photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous solution as a model pollutant under visible light irradiation. Aanatase TiO₂ exhibited more efficient PCA than the rutile TiO₂. After 4h photodegradation of MB solution was obtained to 96% foranatase TiO₂ and 90% for rutile. The small crystallite size and anatase phase probably resulted in the high photocatalytic activity of TiO₂.

References

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Review on The Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films

Rekha Prajapat* , Y. C. Sharma**

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

**Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Prajapat, R., and Sharma, Y. C. (2018). Review on the Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14831

Abstract

In the second generation thin film solar cell, Copper Zinc Tin Selenium (CZTSe) thin film is considered as the quintessential absorber layer in solar cell as its constituents are earth abundant and non-toxic, making it environmental friendly. Many fabrication methods have been employed to fabricate the films like Thermal evaporation method, pulsed layer deposition, RF-DC Sputtering, etc. The authors have monitored the aspects that highly influence the band gap of CZTSe thin films during the deposition process. This paper recapitulate the parameters that affect the band gap of CZTSe thin film as an absorber layer like substrate temperature, annealing temperature, and order of precursors.

References

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[5]. Fairbrother, A., Fontané, X., Izquierdo-Roca, V., Placidi, M., Sylla, D., Espindola-Rodriguez, M., ... & Saucedo, E. (2014). Secondary phase formation in Zn-rich Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ -based solar cells annealed in low pressure and temperature conditions. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 22(4), 479- 487.

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[8]. Hong, S., Kim, C., Park, S. C., Rhee, I., Kim, D. H., & Kang, J. K. (2012). Characteristics of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ film formed by using co-sputtered precursors and selenization. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 565(1), 147-152.

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[10]. Kim, J., Park, S., Ryu, S., Oh, J., & Shin, B. (2017). Improving the open circuit voltage of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ thin film solar cells via interface passivation. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 25(4), 308- 317.

[11]. Kim, K. H., & Amal, I. (2011). Growth of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ thin films by selenization of sputtered single-layered Cu- Zn-Sn metallic precursors from a Cu-Zn-Sn alloy target. Electronic Materials Letters, 7(3), 225.

[12]. Klavina, I., Raudoja, J., Altosaar, M., Mellikov, E., Meissner, D. & Kaljuvee, T. (2010). CZTSe (Cu₂ZnSnSe₄) crystal growth for use in monograin membrane solar cells. In. Conf. of Young Scientists on Energy Issues, CYSENI 2010 (pp. 345-353).

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[14]. Lai, F. I., Yang, J. F., Wei, Y. L., & Kuo, S. Y. (2017). High quality sustainable Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ (CZTSe) absorber layers in highly efficient CZTSe solar cells. Green Chemistry, 19(3), 795-802.

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[19]. Park, D., Nam, D., Jung, S., An, S., Gwak, J., Yoon, K., ... & Cheong, H. (2011). Optical characterization of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ grown by thermal co-evaporation. Thin Solid Films, 519(21), 7386-7389.

[20]. Redinger, A., Mousel, M., Djemour, R., Gütay, L., Valle, N., & Siebentritt, S. (2014). Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ thin film solar cells produced via co-evaporation and annealing including a SnSe₂ capping layer. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 22(1), 51-57.

[21]. Rey, G., Redinger, A., Sendler, J., Weiss, T. P., Thevenin, M., Guennou, M., ... & Siebentritt, S. (2014). The band gap of Cu₂ZnSnSe₄: Effect of order-disorder. Applied Physics Letters, 105(11), 112106.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Volume 6 Issue 3 October - December 2018

Graphene Materials in Electronic Product Design

Tom Page*

* Associate Professor, Department of Product Design, Nottingham Trent University, England.

Page, T. (2018). Graphene Materials in Electronic Product Design. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14707

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Bio Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles and their Characterization

R. Khandelwal* , S. K. Arora**, V. Uma***, D. M. Phase****

Khandelwal,R., Arora, S. K., Uma, V., and Phase, D. M.. (2018). Bio Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles and their Characterization. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 18-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14799

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An Advanced Catalytic action for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on RGO and ZnO nanoparticle composite

Sunayana Kashyap* , Raj Deep**

*Postgraduate, Department of Biotechnology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. **B. Tech Graduate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Kashyap, S., and Deep, R. (2018). An Advanced Catalytic Action for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on RGO and ZnO Nanoparticle Composite. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14861

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X-Ray Analysis of Inxse1-X Crystals by Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Size-Strain Plot Methods

P. B. Patel* , H. N. Desai**, Denis***, B. P. Modi****

Patel, P.B., Desai, H. N., Dhimmer, J. M., and Modi, B. P. (2018). X-Ray Analysis of Inxse1-X Crystals by Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Size-Strain. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14725

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Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles

Eppa Radha* , Durgam Komaraiah**, M. V. Ramana Reddy***, R. Sayanna****, J. Sivakumar*****

*_** PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. ***, ***** Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. **** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Radha, E., Komaraiah, D., Reddy, M. V. R., Sayanna, R., and Sivakumar, J. (2018). Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.15318

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Review on The Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films

Rekha Prajapat* , Y. C. Sharma**

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. **Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Prajapat, R., and Sharma, Y. C. (2018). Review on the Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14831

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R. Khandelwal* , S. K. Arora, V. Uma*, D. M. Phase****

*Postgraduate, Department of Biotechnology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

**B. Tech Graduate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.

X-Ray Analysis of In_xse_1-X Crystals by Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Size-Strain Plot Methods

P. B. Patel* , H. N. Desai, Denis*, B. P. Modi****

Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO₂ Nanoparticles

Eppa Radha* , Durgam Komaraiah, M. V. Ramana Reddy, R. Sayanna, J. Sivakumar

_ PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

, * Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Radha, E., Komaraiah, D., Reddy, M. V. R., Sayanna, R., and Sivakumar, J. (2018). Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO₂ Nanoparticles. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.15318

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

**Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.