i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Circuits and Systems (JCIR)

Current Issue Vol. 13 Issue 1

Active Cell Balancing in Battery Management using AI Algorithm
A Comparitive Study of Sorting Architectures with a Proposed Hybrid Approach
A Novel Neural Network Approach for Harmonic Distortion Detection in Power Systems
Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Circular Patch Antenna with Concentric Rings for Satellite Applications
Modeling of a Multilevel SPWM Inverter for Photovoltaic System Applications
Direct Space Vector Modulation Technique Based Three Phase Matrix Converter under Fault Condition

Most Cited

Volume 13 Issue 1 January - June 2025

Research Article

Active Cell Balancing in Battery Management using AI Algorithm

Sheetal J. Ingawale * , Amol C. Bhosale, Pratibha Chavan*

*-*** Trinity College of Engineering and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Ingawale, S. J., Bhosale, A. C., and Chavan, P. (2025). Active Cell Balancing in Battery Management using AI Algorithm. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 1-5.

Abstract

With the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy technologies, managing battery systems efficiently has become essential to ensure enhanced performance, reliability, and longevity of battery energy storage systems (BESS). One key technique in this context is active cell balancing, which ensures that all cells within a battery pack maintain consistent charge levels, thereby avoiding issues such as overcharging or deep discharging individual cells. However, conventional balancing approaches typically fall short when it comes to adaptability and responsiveness under varying operational conditions. To overcome these challenges, this research explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) methods into active cell balancing frameworks. By utilizing AI techniques including reinforcement learning, neural networks, and fuzzy logic, the system can learn and anticipate cell behavior, dynamically regulate balancing currents, and respond effectively to real-time changes. This intelligent balancing method enhances the uniformity of the state of charge (SoC), improves thermal management, and ultimately increases the overall efficiency and lifespan of the battery pack. Simulated outcomes and comparative assessments validate the superiority of the AI-based approach over traditional methods, pointing to its potential in shaping future intelligent battery management systems.

References

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[2]. Elliott, M., Swan, L. G., Dubarry, M., & Baure, G. (2020). Degradation of electric vehicle Lithium-ion batteries in electricity grid services. Journal of Energy Storage, 32, 101873.

[3]. Habib, S., & Hamadneh, N. N. (2021). Impact of perceived risk on consumers technology acceptance in online grocery adoption amid Covid-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(18), 10221.

[4]. Jaguemont, J., Boulon, L., & Dubé, Y. (2016). A comprehensive review of Lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid and electric vehicles at cold temperatures. Applied Energy, 164, 99-114.

[5]. Kampker, A., Wessel, S., Fiedler, F., & Maltoni, F. (2021). Battery pack remanufacturing process up to cell level with sorting and repurposing of battery cells. Journal of Remanufacturing, 11(1), 1-23.

[6]. Niu, C., Liu, D., Lochala, J. A., Anderson, C. S., Cao, X., Gross, M. E., & Liu, J. (2021). Balancing interfacial reactions to achieve long cycle life in high-energy lithium metal batteries. Nature Energy, 6(7), 723-732.

[7]. Omariba, Z. B., Zhang, L., & Sun, D. (2019). Review of battery cell balancing methodologies for optimizing battery pack performance in electric vehicles. IEEE Access, 7, 129335-129352.

[8]. Panwar, D., Panesar, P. S., & Chopra, H. K. (2021). Recent trends on the valorization strategies for the management of citrus by-products. Food Reviews International, 37(1), 91-120.

[9]. Samanta, A., & Chowdhuri, S. (2021). Active cell balancing of Lithium-ion battery pack using dual DC-DC converter and auxiliary lead-acid battery. Journal of Energy Storage, 33, 102109.

[10]. Uzair, M., Abbas, G., & Hosain, S. (2021). Characteristics of battery management systems of electric vehicles with consideration of the active and passive cell balancing process. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 12(3), 120.

[11]. Velho, R., Beirão, M., Calado, M. D. R., Pombo, J., Fermeiro, J., & Mariano, S. (2017). Management system for large Li-ion battery packs with a new adaptive multistage charging method. Energies, 10(5), 605.

[12]. Zhu, Y., Li, Y., Bettge, M., & Abraham, D. P. (2012). Positive electrode passivation by LiDFOB electrolyte additive in high-capacity Lithium-ion cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 159(12), A2109.

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Research Paper

A Comparitive Study of Sorting Architectures with a Proposed Hybrid Approach

Chrysolite Joy S.* , Santhi C.**

*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Joy, S. C., and Santhi, C. (2025). A Comparitive Study of Sorting Architectures with a Proposed Hybrid Approach. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 6-17.

Abstract

Sorting plays a crucial role in various applications, including high-performance computing, image processing, and network systems. Traditional sorting algorithms are efficient in software but can be a computational bottleneck in hardware implementations. This paper laid out various sorting architectures like Odd-Even Sort, Bitonic Sort, and Odd- Even Merge Sort with a detailed overview of their area, power and performance metrics. A Scalable and Hardware- Efficient Bidirectional Hybrid Sorting of Odd-Even Merge Sort and Bidirectional Insertion Sort. These designs were created using Verilog HDL simulated in Cadence Incisive and synthesized in Genus. Proposed architecture reduces area, power, and delay by up to 1.63%, 3.68%, and 16.93%, respectively, over existing design. The comparison made in the analysis of these data indicates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in terms of resource allocation as well as preservation of the high efficiency of the sorting operation, indicating its applicability in such systems where resource allocation is inadequate in the comparison mode applied.

References

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[6]. Chen, R., Siriyal, S., & Prasanna, V. (2015). Energy and memory efficient mapping of bitonic sorting on FPGA. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (pp. 240-249).

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[8]. Chen, W. T., Chen, R. D., Chen, P. Y., & Hsiao, Y. C. (2021). A high-performance bidirectional architecture for the quasi-comparison-free sorting algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 68(4), 1493-1506.

[9]. Chen, W., Li, W., & Yu, F. (2019). A hybrid pipelined architecture for high performance top-K sorting on FPGA. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 67(8), 1449-1453.

[10]. Chen, Y. R., Ho, C. C., Chen, W. T., & Chen, P. Y.(2023). A low-cost pipelined architecture based on a hybrid sorting algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 71(2), 717-730.

[11]. Gabiger-Rose, A., Kube, M., Weigel, R., & Rose, R. (2013). An FPGA-based fully synchronized design of a bilateral filter for real-time image denoising. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(8), 4093-4104.

[12]. Han, Y. (2002). Deterministic sorting in O (n log log n) time and linear space. In Proceedings of The Thirty-Fourth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (pp. 602-608).

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[14]. Kumari, S., & Singh, D. P. (2014). A parallel selection sorting algorithm on GPUs using binary search. In 2014 International Conference on Advances in Engineering & Technology Research (ICAETR-2014) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

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[17]. Njejimana, L., Tétrault, M. A., Arpin, L., Burghgraeve, A., Maillé, P., Lavoie, J. C., & Fontaine, R. (2013). Design of a real-time FPGA-based data acquisition architecture for the LabPET II: An APD-based scanner dedicated to small animal PET imaging. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 60(5), 3633-3638.

[18]. Ray, S. S., & Ghosh, S. (2022). K-degree parallel comparison-free hardware sorter for complete sorting. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 42(5), 1438-1449.

[19]. Ray, S. S., Adak, D., & Ghosh, S. (2021). Worst case O(N) comparison-free hardware sorting engine. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 41(10), 3332-3345.

[20]. Sareen, P. (2013). Comparison of sorting algorithms (on the basis of average case). International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(3), 522-532.

[21]. Shabany, M., & Gulak, G. (2012). P.: A 675 mbps, 4x4 64-QAM K-Best MIMO detector in 0.13 um CMOS. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) systems, 20(1), 1063-8210.

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[23]. Zhang, Y., & Zheng, S. J. (1994). A simple and efficient VLSI sorting architecture. In Proceedings of 1994 37th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 1, 70-73. IEEE.

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Research Paper

A Novel Neural Network Approach for Harmonic Distortion Detection in Power Systems

Suchita S. Ingle* , Ashpana Shiralkar, Shashikant Bakre*

*-*** Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Ingle, S. S., Shiralkar, A., and Bakre, S. (2025). A Novel Neural Network Approach for Harmonic Distortion Detection in Power Systems. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 18-24.

Abstract

Harmonic distortion in power systems can lead to inefficiencies, equipment failures and operational risks. Generally, the high order harmonics are introduced in a system when the electricity is controlled by electronics. Traditional detection methods, such as Fourier and wavelet analysis, typically face challenges with real-time detection due to high computational demands. The harmonic measurements are conducted on Power Quality Analyzers, Harmonic Analyzers and numeric meters. This paper proposes a novel neural network-based approach for harmonic distortion detection, utilizing the pattern recognition capabilities of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The proposed method is simple, cost effective and feasible.

References

[1]. Bakre, S., & Gokhale, P. (2019). Python Programming in Easy Steps. KDP Amazon Publishing.

[2]. Benedetto, J. J. (2020). Harmonic Analysis and Applications. CRC Press.

[3]. Bochner, S. (2005). Harmonic Analysis and the Theory of Probability. Courier Corporation.

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[5]. Chirikjian, G. S., & Kyatkin, A. B. (2016). Harmonic Analysis For Engineers and Applied Scientists: Updated and Expanded Edition. Courier Dover Publications.

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[10]. Kumar, S. (2004). Neural Networks: A Classroom Approach. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.

[11]. Lin, H. C. (2007). Intelligent neural network-based fast power system harmonic detection. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 54(1), 43-52.

[12]. Masjedi, S., & Najjar, H. (2012). Designing distribution networks for omitting harmonics based on SVPWM using ANN for APF. In 2012 Proceedings of 17th Conference on Electrical Power Distribution (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

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[15]. Salinas, J. R., García-Lagos, F., de Aguilar, J. D., Joya, G., Lapuh, R., & Sandoval, F. (2016). Harmonics and interharmonics spectral analysis by ANN. In 2016 Conf erence on Precision Elect romagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2016) (pp. 1-2). IEEE.

[16]. Torchinsky, A. (2004). Real-Variable Methods in Harmonic Analysis. Courier Corporation.

[17]. Wade, R. (2001). Harmonic Function Theory. Springer, New York.

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Research Paper

Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Circular Patch Antenna with Concentric Rings for Satellite Applications

Ch. Santhi Rani* , Ch. Akhila, Nandha Gopala Krishnam Raju U., Lakshmi Durga G., SK. Abdul Shukoor

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Usha Rama College of Engineering and Technology, Telaprolu, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Rani, C. S., Akhila, C., Raju, U. N. G. K., Durga, G. L., and Shukoor, S. A. (2025). Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Circular Patch Antenna with Concentric Rings for Satellite Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 25-32.

Abstract

This study presents a metamaterial-based antenna that overcomes common constraints and provides remarkable performance for military and remote applications. The study investigates the use of metamaterials to create a unique antenna with amazing capabilities, such as increased connection, downsizing, and electromagnetic wave bending. The feeding mechanism of the antenna is a modified co-planar waveguide. Two orthogonally polarized modes are excited simultaneously, and two composite right- and left-handed unit cells for transmission lines are positioned perpendicularly to produce circularly polarized (CP) radiation. Advances in broadband internet, high-resolution imaging, and space exploration are made possible by this discovery. The Split Ring Resonator (SRR) is a crucial part of metamaterials; for best results in near-infrared and optical applications, its diameters must stay below the resonance wavelength. The features of nanoscale SRR in the visible and infrared spectrums are examined in this study. The HFSS EM simulator was used to model all of the presented designs utilizing electron beam lithography (EBL). Dimensions of 23.7 mm x 23.7 mm × 1.6 mm and a substrate dielectric constant of 4.4 are important requirements. According to simulation data, metamaterials show negative permeability and permittivity within a particular frequency range, which is consistent with analytical expectations. The radiation pattern of the antenna is dipole-like and omnidirectional in both the H-and E-planes.

References

[1]. Alù, A., Bilotti, F., Engheta, N., & Vegni, L. (2007). Subwavelength, compact, resonant patch antennas loaded with metamaterials. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 55(1), 13-25.

[2]. Aneesh, M., Kumar, A., Singh, A., Kamakshi, K., & Ansari, J. A. (2015). Design and analysis of microstrip line feed toppled t shaped microstrip patch antenna using radial basis function neural network. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 10(2), 634-640.

[3]. Bage, A., & Das, S. (2013). Studies of some non conventional split ring and complementary split ring resonators for waveguide band stop & band pass filter application. In 2013 International Conference on Microwave and Photonics (ICMAP) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[4]. Balanis, C. A. (2016). Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. John Wiley & Sons.

[5]. Chakraborty, U., Kundu, A., Chowdhury, S. K., & Bhattacharjee, A. K. (2014). Compact dual-band microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11 a WLAN application. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 13, 407- 410.

[6]. Dong, Y., & Itoh, T. (2012). Metamaterial-based antennas. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(7), 2271-2285.

[7]. Dong, Y., Toyao, H., & Itoh, T. (2011a). Compact circularly-polarized patch antenna loaded with metamaterial structures. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 59(11), 4329-4333.

[8]. Dong, Y., Toyao, H., & Itoh, T. (2011b). Design and characterization of miniaturized patch antennas loaded with complementar y split-ring resonators. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 60(2), 772- 785.

[9]. El Mrabet, O., Aznabet, M., Falcone, F. J., Rmili, H., Floch, J. M., Drissi, M., & Essaaidi, M. (2013). A compact split ring resonator antenna for wireless communication systems. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, 36, 201-207.

[10]. Eshtiaghi, R., Shayesteh, M. G., & Zad-Shakooian, N. (2011). Multicircular monopole antenna for multiband applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 10, 1205-1207.

[11]. Falcone, F., Lopetegi, T., Laso, M. A. G., Baena, J. D., Bonache, J., Beruete, M., & Sorolla, M. (2004). Babinet principle applied to the design of metasurfaces and metamaterials. Physical Review Letters, 93(19), 197401.

[12]. Gupta, A., Sharma, S. K., & Chaudhary, R. K. (2015a). A compact CPW-fed metamaterial antenna for high efficiency and wideband applications. In 2015 Twenty First National Conference on Communications (NCC) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

[13]. Gupta, A., Sharma, S. K., & Chaudhary, R. K. (2015b). A compact dual-mode metamaterial-inspired antenna using rectangular type CSRR. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, 57, 35-42.

[14]. Kahng, S., Jeon, J., & Park, T. (2015). An orthogonally polarized negative resonance CRLH patch antenna. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 331-337.

[15]. Kaur, J., & Maiti, P. (2019). A modified split ring resonator based printed compact monopole UWB antenna with spiked elliptical radiator having five band rejection features. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer Aided Engineering, 29(9), e21809.

[16]. Nornikman, H., Ahmad, B. H., Abd Aziz, M. Z. A., & Othman, A. R. (2012). Effect of single complimentary split ring resonator structure on microstrip patch antenna design. In 2012 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA) (pp. 239-244). IEEE.

[17]. Petrariu, A. I., & Popa, V. (2016). Analysis and design of a long range PTFE substrate UHF RFID tag for cargo container identification. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 67(1), 42-47.

[18]. Soliman, A. M., Elsheakh, D. M., Abdallah, E. A., & El- Hennawy, H. M. (2015). Inspired metamaterial quad- band printed inverted-F (IFA) antenna for USB applications. Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES) (pp. 564-570).

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[20]. Wu, Z., Li, L., Li, Y., & Chen, X. (2015). Metasurface superstrate antenna with wideband circular polarization for satellite communication application. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 15, 374-377.

[21]. Xie, Y., Li, L., Zhu, C., & Liang, C. H. (2011). A novel dual-band patch antenna with complementary split ring resonators embedded in the ground plane. Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters, 25, 117-126.

[22]. Ziolkowski, R. W. (2003). Design, fabrication, and testing of double negative metamaterials. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 51(7), 1516- 1529.

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Research Paper

Modeling of a Multilevel SPWM Inverter for Photovoltaic System Applications

Prasanna Pothi* , Punam Chabukswar, Shruti Gour, Renuka Kelapure, Tanjila Tamboli

*-***** Department of Electrical Engineering, Trinity College of Engineering and Research, Maharashtra, Pune, India.

Pothi, P., Chabukswar, P., Gour, S., Kelapure, R., and Tamboli, T. (2025). Modeling of a Multilevel SPWM Inverter for Photovoltaic System Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 33-39.

Abstract

As a result of its current popularity, solar energy is linked to a network. The innovative interchangeable Jetter topology of this initiative, including SPWM and H-bridge inverters, is not very harmonious. The number of advanced sinus-PWM switching processes is 1/4, which is UPWM and BPW technology. The new optimized PWM labor mechanism is then thoroughly explained. In the proposed optimized PWM technology, as many switches have a fourth switch as traditional unipolar and bipolar PWMs. A practical forward control method, based on a clear, simplified PWM strategy, is created to improve the performance of rectification and inverter modes compared to traditional dual-loop control systems. Compared to unipolar and bipolar PWM, the simplified PWM method with the proposed forward control system is more efficient and has lower harmonic distortion. Furthermore, the simplified PWM operation proposed in inverter mode has a higher available basic output voltage (VAB) compared to unipolar and bipolar PWMs. By comparing the multilevel version with a sophisticated inverter, the extended inverter produces a sinus-shaped output voltage and power shaft shape, as it uses four switches instead of the six used by the multilevel inverter. When comparing how to switch between SPWM and UPWM, SPWM switching technology increases the efficiency of the inverter and at the same time reduces general harmonics. The PIC16F72A implemented a sophisticated inverter model and checked the results.

References

[1]. Agrawal, R., & Jain, S. (2017). Multilevel inverter for interfacing renewable energy sources with low/medium and high voltage grids. IET Renewable Power Generation, 11(14), 1822-1831.

[2]. Bana, P. R., Panda, K. P., Naayagi, R. T., Siano, P., & Panda, G. (2019). Recently developed reduced switch multilevel inverter for renewable energy integration and drives application: Topologies, comprehensive analysis and comparative evaluation. IEEE Access, 7, 54888-54909.

[3]. Grzesiak, W. (2006). MPPT solar charge controller for high voltage thin film PV modules. In 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference, 2, 2264-2267. IEEE.

[4]. Huynh, D. C., Nguyen, T. A., Dunnigan, M. W., & Mueller, M. A. (2013). Maximum power point tracking of solar photovoltaic panels using advanced perturbation and observation algorithm. In 2013 IEEE 8th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA) (pp. 864- 869). IEEE.

[5]. Krishnan, G. V., Rajkumar, M. V., & Hemalatha, C. (2016). Modeling and simulation of 13-level cascaded hybrid multilevel inverter with less number of switches. International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2(11), 43-47.

[6]. Kumar, Y. P., & Ravikumar, B. (2016). A simple modular multilevel inverter topology for the power quality improvement in renewable energy based green building microgrids. Electric Power Systems Research, 140, 147- 161.

[7]. Prabaharan, N., & Palanisamy, K. (2017). A comprehensive review on reduced switch multilevel inverter topologies, modulation techniques and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 1248-1282.

[8]. Reshmi, N., & Nandakumar, M. (2016). Grid- connected PV system with a seven-level inverter. In 2016 International Conference on Next Generation Intelligent Systems (ICNGIS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[9]. Sandhu, M., & Thakur, T. (2022). Modified cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter for hybrid renewable energy applications. IETE Journal of Research, 68(6), 3971-3983.

[10]. Sathyaraj, S., Rajkumar, M. V., & Chandramohan, J. (2016). Modeling and simulation of asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverter with reduced switches using multicarrier PWM control. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (IJAREEIE), 5(10), 8064-8071.

[11]. Sen, P., Bana, P. R., & Panda, K. P. (2019). Firefly assisted genetic algorithm for selective harmonic elimination in PV interfacing reduced switch multilevel inverter. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), 9(1), 32-43.

[12]. Wu, J. C., & Chou, C. W. (2013). A solar power generation system with a seven-level inverter. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 29 (7), 3454-3462.

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Research Paper

Direct Space Vector Modulation Technique Based Three Phase Matrix Converter under Fault Condition

Shiek Ruksana* , Pavan Kumar Karedla**

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Toyota North America, Texas, USA.

Ruksana, S., and Karedla, P. K. (2025). Direct Space Vector Modulation Technique Based Three Phase Matrix Converter under Fault Condition. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 40-48.

Abstract

The performance of a Three-Phase Matrix Converter (TPMC) under various fault conditions is simulated and examined in this research. The proposed high-frequency converter offers a compact and efficient alternative to conventional 50 Hz solid-state transformers (SSTs) by virtue of its capacity to increase or decrease the output frequency. The Three-Phase Matrix Converter allows power to flow in both directions and removes the need for large DC cables. The TPMC is controlled by Space Vector Modulation (SVM), and a single-phase matrix converter is compared using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM). A fault detection system is included to monitor and respond to abnormal conditions, such as open-circuit and short-circuit faults. MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to develop and verify the system, and the outcomes confirm that the converter and filter design work well in both ideal and flawed scenarios. This study is simulation-based, serving as a foundational step toward future experimental validation.

References

[1]. Busse, D., Erdman, J., Kerkman, R. J., Schlegel, D., & Skibinski, G. (2002). Bearing currents and their relationship to PWM drives. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 12(2), 243-252.

[2]. Casadei, D., Serra, G., & Tani, A. (2002b). Reduction of the input current harmonic content in matrix converters under input/output unbalance. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 45(3), 401-411.

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[4]. Chen, S., Lipo, T. A., & Fitzgerald, D. (2002). Source of induction motor bearing currents caused by PWM inverters. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 11(1), 25-32.

[5]. Durán, M. J., Riveros, J. A., Barrero, F., Guzmán, H., & Prieto, J. (2012). Reduction of common-mode voltage in five-phase induction motor drives using predictive control techniques. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 48(6), 2059-2067.

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[7]. Hojabri, H., Mokhtari, H., & Chang, L. (2012). Reactive power control of permanent-magnet synchronous wind generator with matrix converter. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 28(2), 575-584.

[8]. Kolar, J. W., Friedli, T., Rodriguez, J., & Wheeler, P. W. (2011). Review of three-phase PWM AC–AC converter topologies. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(11), 4988-5006.

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i-manager's Journal on Circuits and Systems (JCIR)

Current Issue Vol. 13 Issue 1

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Volume 13 Issue 1 January - June 2025

Active Cell Balancing in Battery Management using AI Algorithm

Sheetal J. Ingawale * , Amol C. Bhosale**, Pratibha Chavan***

*-*** Trinity College of Engineering and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Ingawale, S. J., Bhosale, A. C., and Chavan, P. (2025). Active Cell Balancing in Battery Management using AI Algorithm. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 1-5.

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A Comparitive Study of Sorting Architectures with a Proposed Hybrid Approach

Chrysolite Joy S.* , Santhi C.**

*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Joy, S. C., and Santhi, C. (2025). A Comparitive Study of Sorting Architectures with a Proposed Hybrid Approach. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 6-17.

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A Novel Neural Network Approach for Harmonic Distortion Detection in Power Systems

Suchita S. Ingle* , Ashpana Shiralkar**, Shashikant Bakre***

*-*** Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Ingle, S. S., Shiralkar, A., and Bakre, S. (2025). A Novel Neural Network Approach for Harmonic Distortion Detection in Power Systems. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 18-24.

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Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Circular Patch Antenna with Concentric Rings for Satellite Applications

Ch. Santhi Rani* , Ch. Akhila**, Nandha Gopala Krishnam Raju U.***, Lakshmi Durga G.****, SK. Abdul Shukoor*****

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Usha Rama College of Engineering and Technology, Telaprolu, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Rani, C. S., Akhila, C., Raju, U. N. G. K., Durga, G. L., and Shukoor, S. A. (2025). Design and Analysis of a High-Performance Circular Patch Antenna with Concentric Rings for Satellite Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 25-32.

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Modeling of a Multilevel SPWM Inverter for Photovoltaic System Applications

Prasanna Pothi* , Punam Chabukswar**, Shruti Gour***, Renuka Kelapure****, Tanjila Tamboli*****

*-***** Department of Electrical Engineering, Trinity College of Engineering and Research, Maharashtra, Pune, India.

Pothi, P., Chabukswar, P., Gour, S., Kelapure, R., and Tamboli, T. (2025). Modeling of a Multilevel SPWM Inverter for Photovoltaic System Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 33-39.

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Direct Space Vector Modulation Technique Based Three Phase Matrix Converter under Fault Condition

Shiek Ruksana* , Pavan Kumar Karedla**

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. ** Toyota North America, Texas, USA.

Ruksana, S., and Karedla, P. K. (2025). Direct Space Vector Modulation Technique Based Three Phase Matrix Converter under Fault Condition. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 13(1), 40-48.

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Sheetal J. Ingawale * , Amol C. Bhosale, Pratibha Chavan*

Suchita S. Ingle* , Ashpana Shiralkar, Shashikant Bakre*

Ch. Santhi Rani* , Ch. Akhila, Nandha Gopala Krishnam Raju U., Lakshmi Durga G., SK. Abdul Shukoor

Prasanna Pothi* , Punam Chabukswar, Shruti Gour, Renuka Kelapure, Tanjila Tamboli

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Toyota North America, Texas, USA.