i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 1

Most Cited

Electrical Properties of Nanocomposite Polymer Gels based on PMMA-DMA/DMC-LiCLO₂ -SiO₂
Comparison Of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Weak Aromatic Acids
Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes
Effect of Donor Number of Plasticizers on Conductivity of Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH₄F
PMMA Based Polymer Gel Electrolyte Containing LiCF₃SO₃

Volume 1 Issue 3 October - December 2013

Article

Composites from waste for civil engineering applications

M.K. Lila* , Fanindra Kumar, Sanjay Sharma*

* Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee.

-* Department of Civil engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh.

Lila, M., Kumar, F., & Sharma, S. (2013). Composites from Waste for Civil Engineering Applications. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.3.2558

Abstract

Composites are becoming more and more important as it can help in improving the quality of life. Now-a-days, composites are used in aeronautics, automobiles, boats, pipelines, buildings, roads, bridges, and dozens of other products. Researchers are finding ways to improve the qualities of composites so that they may be strong, lightweight, long-lasting, and inexpensive to produce. But the main factor which plays a major role in use of composites, is the cost of matrix and reinforcement. This paper provides information about easy availability of fibres, by-products and wastes from industries, technical properties and their potential for utilization in development and use of fibres’ composites materials in civil engineering field and construction industries. The matrix (Prime) material alone cannot achieve the good properties of composites. The focus is also kept in developing and making available, durable and reliable at reasonably minimum competitive price or cost.

References

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[15]. Rosamaria Codispoti, Daniel V. Oliveira (2013). ”Experimental Behavior of Natural Fiber-Based Composites Used for Strengthening Masonry Structures”, International Conference on Natural Fibers-Sustainable Materials for Advanced Applications, 201 held from 9 June to 11 June 2013 in Guimarães, Portugal.

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Research Paper

Experimental Study of Electrical Discharge Machining of PS-M A-463 Plastic Material

Sameh Habib*

*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Benha University, Shoubra, Cairo, Egypt

Habib, S. (2013). Experimental Study of Electrical Discharge Machining of PS-M A-463 Plastic Material. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(3), 12-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.3.2559

Abstract

Plastic materials have become the optimum choice for numerous industrial applications where the performance rather than cost is the prime consideration. The demand for the machining processes of plastics has recently increased. This work investigates the Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of PS-M A-463 plastic material with polystyrene base. The characteristics of PS-M A-463 plastic machined by EDM are studied in terms of machining parameters. Machining of plastics can be realized in EDM by assisting electrode method. In this method, the EDM workpiece surface is covered with an electrical conductive layer during discharge. The layer holds the electrical conductivity during discharging process. The workpiece surfaces were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Moreover, surface roughness was determined with a Surface Profilometer. Experimental results indicate that the extent of delamination and surface roughness are proportional to the machining parameters. The EDM process effectively produces excellent surface characteristics and high quality holes in PS-M A-463 plastic material under low discharge energy conditions.

References

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Research Paper

Experimental measures of surface roughness by investigate the effect of Process Parameters in Abrasive Flow Machining Process

Ravi Gupta* , Mohit Sharma, Rahul O. Vaishya*

-Assistant Professor, Lovely Professional University, Punjab.

Assistant Professor, PEC University of Technology, Punjab

Gupta, R., Sharma, M., & Vaishya, R. O. (2013). Experimental measures of surface roughness by investigate the effect of Process Parameters in Abrasive Flow Machining Process. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(3), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.3.2560

Abstract

In the present era, modern manufacturing processes are hybridized with conventional and non-conventional processes to obtain better results. AFM is a widely used non conventional machining process for smoothening of rough edge inside the work piece by flow of an abrasive medium. The abrasive particles in abrasive media remove the excess material from surface and produce finished surface. Centrifugal force assisted abrasive flow machining process is a new hybrid non-traditional machining process that is developed as a technique for better finishing of surface as compared to simple AFM. In this study, an attempt was made to depict the effect of different process parameters on percentage change in roughness value. The parameters are type of material, abrasive particle size, rotational speed of rod inside the workpiece and axial pressure, to see their effect on percentage change in surface roughness. Taguchi technique was considered for experimental design without taking any interaction. The unit has been designed to satisfy the basic requirement of hybrid AFM i.e. by attaching a rod inside fixture by gear arrangement having rotational mechanism in set-up. For experimental design and analysis of different parameters, L orthogonal array based upon taguchi method 9 was used.

References

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[2]. R.K Jain, V.K Jain. and P.M. Dixit; (1999). "Modeling of material removal and surface roughness in abrasive flow machining process", International Journal of Machine Tool and Manufacture, Vol. 39, pp. 1903-1923

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[5]. Mamilla Ravi Sankar & S. Mondal & J. Ramkumar & V. K. Jain; (2009). "Experimental investigations and modeling of drill bit-guided abrasive flow finishing (DBG-AFF) process.” Int J Adv Manuf Technol 42:678–688

[6]. R.K Jain and V.K Jain; (1999). "Abrasive fine finishingprocesses- a review", International Journal of Manufacturing Science and Production , Vol. 2, pp. 55-68.

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[8]. S Jha and V.K Jain; (2004). “Design and development of the magneto rheological abrasive flow finishing process”, International Journal of machine tool & manufacture, Issue number 44 , 1019-1029

[9]. Ravi Gupta, and Rahul Vaishya; (2013). “Experimental investigation of process parameters on surface roughness in hybrid abrasive flow machining process, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 6, June.

[10]. Ravi Gupta, Rahul Vaishya and R S Walia, (2013). “Experimental Study of Process Parameters on Material Removal Mechanism in Hybrid Abrasive Flow Machining Process (AFM)”, Volume 2, Issue 6, June.

[11]. R.S. Walia, HS Shah, P Kumar; (2006). Parametric optimization of centrifugal force assisted abrasive flow machining (CFAAFM) by the Taguchi method. Journal of Materials and Manufacturing Processes, USA. Vol. 21, Issue 4.

[12]. R.S. Walia, H. S. Shan and P. Kumar, (2006). “abrasive flow machining with additional Centrifugal Force applied to the media”, Machining Science and Technology, 10: pp 1–14.

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[16]. Kim Jeong and Kim Kyung-Duk (2004). “Deburing of burrs in spring collets by abrasive flow machining”, International Journal of advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 24, pp. 469–473.

[17]. R.K Jain; (2001). "Specific Energy and temperature determination in abrasive flow machining process", International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 41(12), pp.1689- 1704.

[18]. Lucjan Dabrowski; (2006). "Advancement of abrasive Flow Machining Using an Anodic Solution”, Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems, pp 439-445

[19]. B.S. Brar, R.S. Walia and V.P. Singh; (2012). "Electro Chemical Machining in the Aid of Abrasive Flow Machining Process", International Journal of Surface Engineering & Materials Technology, Vol. 2 No. 1 Jan.-June, pp 5-9.

[20]. Brar B.S, Walia R.S, Singh V.P; (2012). “Helical abrasive flow machining (helix-afm) process." International Conference on Advancements and Futuristic Trends in Mechanical and Materials Engineering (October 5-7),pp 604-608.

[21]. Phadke; (2008). “Quality Engineering using Robust Design ", Pearson Education, Inc., South Asia.

[22]. Ramandeep Singh, R.S. Walia, (2012) "Study the Effects of Centrifugal Force on Abrasive Flow Machining Process” IJRMET Vol. 2, Issue 1, April.

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Research Paper

Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR in milling of GFRP composites using grey relational analysis

M.P. Jenarthanan* , N. Naresh**

* Senior Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., N.B.K.R.I.S.T, Vidyanagar, Nellore, India.

Jenarthanan, M. P., & Neeli, N. (2013). Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR in milling of GFRP composites using grey relational analysis. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(3), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.3.2561

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect and parametric optimization of process parameters for milling of GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer) composites using Grey Relational Analysis. Experiments were conducted using helix angle, spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and fibre orientation angle as typical process parameters. The grey relational analysis was adopted to obtain grey relational grade for milling process with multiple characteristics, namely Machining Force and Material Removal Rate (MRR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to get the contribution of each parameter on the performance characteristics and it was observed that helix angle and fibre orientation angle were the most significant process parameters that affects the milling of GFRP composites. The experimental results reveal that, the helix o angle of 45 , spindle speed of 3000rpm, feed rate of 1000mm/min, depth of cut of 2mm and fibre orientation angle of o 15 is the optimum combination for lower machining force and higher material removal rate. The experimental results for the optimal setting show that there is considerable improvement in the process.

References

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[2]. Ramkumar, J., Aravindan, S., Malhotra, S.K. and Krishnamoorthy, R., (2004). “An enhancement of the machining performance of GFRP by oscillatory assisted drilling”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 23, pp. 240–244.

[3]. Sheikh-Ahmad, J.Y., (2009). Machining of Polymer Composites, Springer Science + Business Media LLC.

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[8]. Praveen Raj, P. and Elaya Perumal, A., (2010). “Taguchi analysis of surface roughness and delamination associated with various cemented carbide K10 end mills in milling of GFRP”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, Vol. 3, pp. 58-64.

[9]. Julie Zhang, Z., Joseph Chenb, C. and Daniel Kirby, E., (2007). “Surface roughness optimization in an end-milling operation using the taguchi design method”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 184, pp. 233–239.

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[13]. Lin, J.L., Wang, K.S., Yan, B.H. and Tarng, Y.S., (1998). “Optimizing of the multi-response process by taguchi method with grey relational analysis”, The Journal of Grey System, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 355-370.

[14]. Bala Murugan, G., Biswanath, M. and Sukamal, G., (2009). “Optimization of machining parameters for hard machining: grey relational theory approach and ANOVA”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 45, pp. 1068–1086,

[15]. Deng, J., (1999). “Introduction grey system”, Journal of Grey System, Vol. 1, pp. 1–24, 1989.

[16]. Lin, J.L., Wang, K.S., Yan, B.H. and Tarng, Y.S., “A study of the grey-based taguchi method for optimizing the multiresponse process”, The Journal of Grey System, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 257-277,

[17]. Ahilan, C., Kumanan, S. and Sivakumaran, N., (2010). “Application of grey based taguchi method in multiresponse optimization of turning process”, Advances in Production Engineering & Management, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 171-180,

[18]. Hakan Aydin, Ali Bayram, Ugur Esme, (2010). Yigit Kazancoglu and Onur Guven, Application of grey relation analysis (GRA) and taguchi method for the parametric optimization of friction stir welding (FSW) process, Materials and Technology, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 205–211,

[19]. Gopalakannan, S., Senthilvelan, T. and Ranganathan, S., (2013). “Statistical optimization of EDM parameters on machining of aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites by applying taguchi based grey analysis”, Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, Vol. 72, pp. 358-365.

[20]. Paulo Davim, J. and Mata, F., (2005). “A new machinability index in turning fibre reinforced plastics”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 170, pp. 436–440.

[21]. Paulo Davim, J. and Mata, F., (2007). “New machinability study of glass fibre reinforced plastics using polycrystalline diamond and cemented carbide (K15) tools”, Material Design, Vol. 28, pp. 1050– 1054.

[22]. Wang, X.M. and Zhang, L.C., (2003). “An experimental investigation into the orthogonal cutting of unidirectional fibre reinforced plastics”, International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacturing, Vol. 43, pp. 1015–1022.

[23]. Palanikumar, K., Karunamoorthy, L. and Karthikeyan, R., (2006). “Assessment of factors influencing surface roughness on the machining of glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites”, Material Design, Vol. 27, pp. 862– 871.

[24]. Neseli, S., Yaldizand, S. and Turkes, E., (2011). “Optimization of tool geometry parameters for turning operations based on the response surface methodology”, Measurement, Vol. 44, pp. 580–587.

[25]. Singh, I. and Bhatnagar, N., (2006). “Drilling of unidirectional glass fibre reinforced plastic (UD-GFRP) composite laminates”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 27, pp. 870–876.

[26]. Datta, S., Bandyopadhyay, A. and Pal, P. K. (2008). “Grey-based taguchi method for optimization of bead geometry in submerged arc bead-on-plate welding”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 39, pp. 1136–1143.

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Research Paper

Application of Taguchi Method for Determining Optimum Process Parameters of PMEDM with SiC Powder Suspended in Dielectric

Deepak Rajendra Unune* , Amit Aherwar, Bhargav Prajwal*, Jai Kishan****

---**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.

Unune, D. R., Aherwar, A., Prajwal, B., & Kishan, J. (2013). Application of Taguchi Method for Determining Optimum Process Parameters of PMEDM with SiC Powder Suspended in Dielectric. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(3), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.3.2562

Abstract

Powder Mixed Electro-Discharge Machining (PMEDM) is being widely used in modern metal working industry for producing complex cavities in dies and moulds. It has been experimentally demonstrated that the presence of suspended particles in dielectric fluid significantly increases the machining efficiency of EDM process.In this paper, five parameters viz., concentration of silicon carbide (SiC) in dielectric fluid (P_c), peak current (I_p), gap voltage (V_g), pulse on C p g time (T_on) and duty cycle (η) were considered and varied to obtain optimal EDM performance characteristics including on Material Removal Rate (MMR) and surface roughness (R_a). Taguchi L8 orthogonal array was used for the design of the a experiment.The machining tests were conducted on AISI D3 tool steel work piece using copper electrodes and SiC mixed EDM dielectric-kerosene oil. Results of experiments show that concentration of SiCimproves MRR in PMEMD.

References

[1]. Ojha, K., Garg, R. K., & Singh, K. K. (2011). Experimental investigation and modeling of PMEDM process with chromium powder suspended dielectric. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 65-81.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 1

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Volume 1 Issue 3 October - December 2013

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Experimental Study of Electrical Discharge Machining of PS-M A-463 Plastic Material

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*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Benha University, Shoubra, Cairo, Egypt

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Experimental measures of surface roughness by investigate the effect of Process Parameters in Abrasive Flow Machining Process

Ravi Gupta* , Mohit Sharma**, Rahul O. Vaishya***

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Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR in milling of GFRP composites using grey relational analysis

M.P. Jenarthanan* , N. Naresh**

* Senior Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India. ** Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., N.B.K.R.I.S.T, Vidyanagar, Nellore, India.

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Application of Taguchi Method for Determining Optimum Process Parameters of PMEDM with SiC Powder Suspended in Dielectric

Deepak Rajendra Unune* , Amit Aherwar**, Bhargav Prajwal***, Jai Kishan****

*-**-***-**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.

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M.K. Lila* , Fanindra Kumar, Sanjay Sharma*

* Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee.

-* Department of Civil engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh.

Ravi Gupta* , Mohit Sharma, Rahul O. Vaishya*

-Assistant Professor, Lovely Professional University, Punjab.

Assistant Professor, PEC University of Technology, Punjab

* Senior Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., N.B.K.R.I.S.T, Vidyanagar, Nellore, India.

Deepak Rajendra Unune* , Amit Aherwar, Bhargav Prajwal*, Jai Kishan****

---**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.