i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Management (JMGT)

Current Issue Vol. 18 Issue 3

Looking Forward to the Debate of Future Business towards Digital Transformation
Opportunities of Tourism and Hospitality Education in Bangladesh: Career Perspectives
Creating Loyalty through Relationship Marketing in Mobile Financial Service Industry: Moderating Role of Client Demographics
Impact of Digital Marketing on Consumer Behavior in Small Medium Entrepreneurship Businesses in Malawi
Measuring Sustainability in the Broadcasting Media Industry in Bangladesh

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 3 December - February 2009

Article

The Financial Crisis and its Effect on the Financial Markets

Robert S. Goodman* , Donald L. Crooks, Foued Ayari*

* Professor and Chair, Department of Business Administration, Wagner College, New York.

Assistant Professor of Finance and Management, Wagner College.

* Assistant Professor of Finance, Wagner College.

Robert S. Goodman, Donald L. Crooks and Foued Ayari (2009). The Financial Crisis and its Effect on the Financial Markets. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.236

Abstract

The world financial markets changed forever the morning of September 18, 2008, with the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers as almost US$700,000,000,000 (an ironic number) of outstanding debt instruments became lodged in regulatory cement. The flow of capital is the life blood of any and all financial transactions, without which the entire global machine comes to a screeching and irrevocable halt. There may be intent and desire to make new capital commitments, as well as to close existing contracts, but without this flow financial inertia sets in. Was this an unavoidable black swan or a simple example of excessive greed fueled by exponential leverage and the lack of adequate internal and/or external oversight? This paper: 1. examines past financial disasters including the savings and loan debacle of the 1980’s and the hubristic experience of Long Term Capital Management in the late 1990’s 2. discusses the causes and possible solutions to the current financial crisis in the US; 3. attempts to better understand the role of those with a vested interest including regulatory bodies; and 4. analyzes their effect on the financial markets.

References

[1 ]. Bennett, Laurie, “Thain's call initiated Bank of America bid for Merrill Lynch", Muckety.com, (September 1 5, 2008)

[2]. Burrough, Bryan, “Bringing Down Bear Stearns" (August 2008). VanifyFair, (NewYork).

[3]. Business Dictionary.com, (January6, 2009).

[4]. CD0 Evaluations, Independent, FAS T57-Compliant CDO Pricing and Evaluations, wvvw.pf2se.com (January 2009)

[5]. CNN.com [January8, 2009).

[6]. Crooks, Donald. Unpublished interview, January 13, 2009.

[7]. Dictum Meum Pactum, Motto of Securities Traders Association since 1 934.

[8]. Economist's View, “The Role of Structured Investment Vehicles in the Recent Financial Crisis", WSJ.com, (September 6, 2007).

[9]. Friedman, Thomas. “The World is Flat: A Brief History of the 219' Century". Farrar, Straus and Giroux, (April 2005). NewYork.

[10]. 'HUD'S Regulation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac," www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/gse/gse.cfm. (January 2009)

[11]. Investopedia.com, (January 2009).

[12]. Koehn,Jo Lynne and Delvecchio,Stephen C. “Revisiting the Ripple Effect of the Sarbanes Oxley Act" CPAJournaI (May, 2006).

[13]. "LTCM-Long Term Capital Management" A Case Study, Sungard.com (2009).

[14]. Pellechia, Ray “NYSE Says Goodbye to Specialists", Hello DMM's, NYSE. Euronext 2007.

[15]. Schay, Alex. ‘‘Black Monday, Ten Years After- l987Revisited", October 17.1 997. Motley Fool.com (2009).

[16]. Taleb, Nassim Nicholas, The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly ImprobabIe” 2007, Random House NewYork).

[17]. Teather, David and Clark, Andrew, “Barclays to buy Lehman Brothers assets", guardian.co.uk, (September 1 7, 2008)

[18].Wallen,Chris.http://wvvw.ritholtz.com/biog/2008/l l/ what-obama-geithner-alg-fiasco/. (2008).

[19]. www.isda.org (2009)

[20]. www.pimco.com (2009).

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Article

Securitization and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis of 2008

Chao-Hui Yeh*

I-shou University, R.O.C.

Chao-Hui Yeh (2009). Securitization and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis of 2008. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.237

Abstract

This article provides a review of the securitization instruments in the context of the subprime mortgage crisis of 2008. The decreasing housing prices in the U.S. caused the increasing mortgage defaults and the increasing mortgage defaults caused this subprime mortgage crisis and this crisis is exploded by securitization instruments (e.g., CDS) which are just too complex to see their risks. This article will provide a specific classification of securitization instruments and distinguishes between two main classes of securitization instruments. The first classes are mortgage-backed security (MBS), asset-backed security (ABS), asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) and cash-flow collateralized debt obligation (CDO).The second category of securitization instruments includes credit default swap (CDS) and synthetic collateralized debt obligation (synthetic CDO). Finally, this article ends with a short discussion of the roles of the credit rating agency (CRA) in the financial crisis.

References

[1]. Speech by Alan Greenspan, “Regulation, Innovation, and Wealth Creation", Federal Reserve Website, Sept. 25, 2008,available at http://www.federalreserve.gov/boardo cs/speeches/2002/200209252/default. htm.

[2]. Alistair Barr, Greenspan Sees ‘Serious Problems‘ with CDS, Marketwatch.com, Oct. 23, 2008, available at http://www.marketwatch.com [enter search keywords "Greenspan Testimony Credit Default Swaps," then follow first result).

[3].Erik Sirri, Statement to the House Agricultural Committee, to Review the Role of Credit Derivatives in the U.S. Economy, Hearing, Oct. 15, 2008, available at http:/lagriculture.house.govlhearings/statements.html.

[4]. J. Burns. "Former Ratings—Firm Officials Blame Conflicts for RosyViews.“ Wall Street Journal (October 23, 2008], A4.

[5]. B. Jameson. "The Blunders that Led to Catastrophe.“ NewSclentist[September 27, 2008],8—9.

[6]. ISDA is the largest global financial trade association, with 850 member firms. Chartered in 1985, its role is to promulgate standardized OTC derivatives documentation and lobby on behalf of its member firms, which include all major institutions that participate in the OTC derivatives markets See Pickels (2008), supra note i 4.

[7]. ISDA Mid-Year 2008 Market Survey Shows Credit Derivatives at $54.6 Trillion, ISDA News Release, Sept. 24, 2008.

[8]. DTCC Deriv/SERV Trade Information Warehouse Reports, DTCC Website, available at http://www.dtcc.com /products/deriserv/data/index. ph

[9]. Yuliya Demyanyk et al., Understanding the Subprime Mortgage Crisis, Aug.

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Article

HR Accounting – A Mammoth Myth?

Vadassery Gopakumar* , P.T. Raveendran**

* Dean of KMCT School of Business, Kozhikode.

** Professor and Head, Department of Management Studies, Kannur University Palayad, Thalassery.

Vadassery Gopakumar and P.T. Raveendran (2009). HR Accounting - A Mammoth Myth? i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.238

Abstract

In knowledge driven economies, it is imperative that human beings be recognized as an integral part of the total worth of an organization. In order to estimate and project the worth of the human capital, Human Resource Accounting (HRM) which denotes the process of quantification and measurement of the Human Resource Capital in an organisation is employed.

References

[1]. Eric G. Flamholtz (1971): A Model for Human Resource Valuation : A Stochastic Process with Service Rewards. The Accounting Review, April.

[2]. Lev B, Schwartz B A (1971): On the Economic Concept of Human Capital in Financial Statements. The Accounting Review, January.

[3]. Likert R. (1971); Human Organizational Measurements: Key to Financial Success”; Michigan Business Review, May 1971, 1-5.

[4]. R.G.Barry Corporation (1971) Annual Report. (Details in Flamholtz 1999) .

[5]. D. Prabhakar Rao (1993), Human Asset Accounting: An Evaluation of the Indian Practices, ASCI Journal Of Management, Vol. 22.

[6]. Eric G. Flamholtz (1999; Third edition) : Human Resource Accounting : Advances in Concepts, Methods and Applications; Kulwer Academic Publishers.

[7].Vadassery G et.al.(2001); HR Accounting - A Strategic Control Tool : A study in Organisations in South India: Asochem Publications , Bangalore, 2001 Ed.

[8]. Karl-Erik Sveiby, (2004), Methods for Measuring Intangible Assets, www.sveiby.com/articles/Intangible Methods. Htm.

[9]. Vadassery.G (2007) ; Asset valuation in HR -a key success factor in HR strategies. Journal on Strategic Management- IIPM, New Delhi , Vol. 33 pp. 22- 26.

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Research Paper

Foreign Exchange Intervention and Its Implications for the Central Bank's Balance Sheet: Experience of Thailand

Jittima Tongurai*

JSPS Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Faculty of Economics, Oita University, Oita Japan.

Jittima Tongurai (2009). Foreign Exchange Intervention and Its Implications for the Central Bank's Balance Sheet: Experience of Thailand. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.239

Abstract

This empirical study examines the experience of a central bank of a developing country, Bank of Thailand, in operating foreign exchange intervention during the period of persistent appreciation of its currency in 2001-2007. Bank of Thailand has resorted to various tools, specifically foreign exchange intervention of outright spot transactions (buying US dollar/selling Thai baht) and sell/buy swaps (selling US dollar/buying baht spot and buying US dollar/selling baht forward), capital flow management, and sterilization operation to dampen rapid baht appreciation and stabilize its domestic economy. Prolonged foreign exchange intervention results in rapid increases in foreign exchange reserves and forward obligations of US dollar buying, especially during 2006-2007 when the size of intervention is unprecedented. This massive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves and net forward position could jeopardize the Bank of Thailand’s balance sheet as taking long position in depreciation-prone currency, the US dollar, may incur foreign exchange loss when baht appreciates substantially. In the world of increasing financial integration, mitigating exchange rate volatility at the same time of stabilizing domestic economy has become a great challenge to the monetary authorities of developing countries. The experience of Thailand provides a case study of how a small and open economy manages its exchange rates to contain the risks that come with global capital flows while maintaining internal stability.

References

[1]. Archer, D. (2005). Foreign exchange market intervention: methods and tactics. In Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May), pp.19-39.

[2]. Baillie, R. T., Humpage, O. F., & Osterberg, W. P. (2000). Intervention from an information perspective. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 10(3-4), pp.407-421.

[3]. Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department. (2005). Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May).

[4]. Bank of Thailand. (2006a). Bank of Thailand's announcement No.51/2006: the reserve requirement on short-term capital inflows. Bank of Thailand's News, December 18.

[5]. Bank of Thailand. (2006b). Bank of Thailand's announcement No.52/2006: summary of the reserve requirement on short-term capital inflows. Bank of Thailand's News, December 22.

[6]. Bank of Thailand. (2007). Bank of Thailand's announcement No.9/2007: clarification on the Bank of Thailand's accounting losses in 2006. Bank of Thailand's News, February 23.

[7]. Bank of Thailand. (2008). Bank of Thailand's announcement No.9/2008: lifting of the reserve requirement on short-term capital inflows. Bank of Thailand's News, February 29.

[8]. Canales-Krilijenko, J. I., Guimaraes, R. F. & Karacadag, C. (2003). Official intervention in the foreign exchange market: elements of best practice. IMF Working Paper, 03/152.

[9]. Eichengreen, B. (2002). What to do with the Chiang Mai Initiative. Asian Economic Papers, 2, 1-52.

[10]. Financial Markets Operations Group, Bank of Thailand. (2005). Foreign exchange policy and intervention in Thailand. In Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May), 276-282.

[11]. Goldstein, M., & Lardy, N. R. (2008). China's exchange rate policy: an overview of some key issues. In M. Goldstein & N. R. Lardy (Eds.), Debating China's exchange rate policy. Washington, D.C.: Peterson Institute for International Economics, 77-108.

[12]. International Monetary Fund. (2007). World economic and financial surveys: regional economic outlook Asia & Pacific. Washington D.C.: International Monetary Fund.

[13]. Mihaljek, D. (2005). Survey of central banks' views on effects of intervention. In Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May), 82-96.

[14]. Mohanty, M. S., & Turner, P. (2005). Intervention: what are the domestic consequences? In Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May), 56-81.

[15]. Moser-Boehm, P. (2005). Governance aspects of foreign exchange interventions. In Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, Foreign exchange market intervention in emerging markets: motives, techniques and implications. BIS Papers, 24(May), 19-39.

[16]. Neely, C. J. (2000). The practice of central bank intervention: looking under the hood. Central Banking, 11(2), 24-37.

[17]. The Nation Newspaper. (2006a). Burning issue: Pridiyathorn puts his future on the line, December 20,accessed April 10, 2008, available at http://www.nationmultimedia.com.

[18]. The Nation Newspaper. (2006b). Behind the scenes: black Tuesday: did the BOT overreact?, December 25.

[19]. The Nation Newspaper. (2007a). Official defend their capital control decision, January 19.

[20]. The Nation Newspaper. (2007b). Baht measures too little, too late, July 26.

[21]. Vithessonthi, C., & Tongurai, J. (2008). The effects of capital control on stock prices: evidence from financial institutions in Thailand. Journal of International Business and Economics, 8(2), pp.10-24.

[22]. Waiquamdee, A. (2008). Managed floating at the BOT. Speech at the Securities Analysts Association of Thailand, Stock Exchange of Thailand Building, Bangkok: Thailand, April 29.

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Research Paper

The Organizational and Financial Performance of the E-Banking Adoption: Case of the Tunisian Banks

Kaouther Amri* , Abdel Ghaffar Ben Hamida**

* Auditor, PriceWaferHouseCoopers, Belgium.

** Professor, University of Laws and Economics & Politics Sciences, Tunisia.

Kaouther Amri and Abdel Ghaffar Ben Hamida (2009). The Organizational and Financial Performance of the E-banking Adoption: Case of the Tunisian Banks. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.240

Abstract

The e-banking post-adoption in the financial institutions is a very important phase that follows the one of the adoption. This recent phase for emerging countries like Tunisia permits us to clear the adoption effects on performance. A conceptual framework and an empirical study performed on 7 Tunisian banks indicate a significant relationship between the post-adoption and five measurements of the organizational performance measurements: the service quality improvement, the costs reduction, the new market acquirement, the new products offer, and performing of the relation with the customers.

References

[1 ]. Ayadi, A., (2003) “The Distance-Bank in Tunisia: How To make up for the delay ?”, The managerJournaI, July 2003, No.1 08, pp.34—36.

[2]. Ayadi, A., (2004) “The online banking in the emergent countries: The case study of Tunisia", 3rd Conference of Research of the ESC Picardie, September, 30^th 2004.

[3]. Cronin, M.J. (1997) “Banking and Finance on Internet’’, NewYork: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

[4]. D'Astous, A. (1995) “The research project in marketing”.

[5]. Fraser, J.; Fraser, N.; and McDonald, F. (2000) “The strategic challenge of electronic commerce” Supply Chain ManagementJournal, Vol. 5, issue 1 , pp. 7-1 4.

[6]. Fridman 3., (2000) “Companies transform way they do e-business", BizReport, Mai, 16^th 2000.

[7]. Keffale, I. (2004) “Prospects for the adoption of Internet Banking for the Tunisian post office", Master Thesis, SIGMA.

[8]. Lamouline, Olivier. (1998) “The technological innovation in the finance and insurance companies". SESSI, September no95. wvvw.industrie.gouv.fr

[9]. Munos, A. (1998) “Service and Co-operation: A Marketing approach of the co-operation in the services”, French review of Marketing.

[10]. Riddle, Dorothy I. (2001)“Profitability analysis for the adoption of the electronic businesses in small companies”. -

[11]. Yakhlef, A. (2001) “Does the Internet Compete with or Complement Bricks—and-Mortar Bank Branches?”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management June 2001. Vol- 29: No- 6 and 7, pp.274-283.

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Research Paper

Drivers Towards E-Business in the Steel Product Industry

Heli Helaakoski* , P. Iskanius, Irina Peltomaa*, Tom Page****

, VTT Electronics, Rantakatu 5, Roche, Finland.

Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Oulu, Finland.

**** Department of Design and Technology, Loughborough University Loughborough, Leics.

Heli Helaakoski, P. Iskanius, Irina Peltomaa and Tom Page (2009). Drivers Towards E-business in the Steel Product Industry. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.241

Abstract

This paper studies the importance of agility in today's business environment. We propose a new business model "a virtual enterprise" (VE) and since the success of VE depends of intensive information sharing we propose a supporting software solution for business network. The research work is conducted via case study in real life business network, which consist of several small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and one focal company. The case study describes the design and implementation of agent-based inter-organisational system (IOS), which enables maximum effectiveness, efficiency and productivity of supply chain network.

References

[1]. Andrews, R R and Hahn, J. (1998] Transforming supply chains into value webs. Strategy and Leadership, Vol.26, No.3, pp. 6—11.

[2]. Alaruikka, A.M., lskanius, R and Page, T. (2004) Data Translations in Information Flow in a Finnish Steel Product Industry Network, pp. 1-15, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI, USA, Technical Paper: TP04PUB318.

[3]. Beck, K., Beedle, M., van Bennekum, A., Cockburn, A. Cunningham, W., Fowler, M., Grenning, J., Bowersox, D. J. and Closs, D. J. (1996) Logistical Management — The Integrated Supply Chain, Singapore, McGraw-Hill International Editions.

[4]. Brynjolfsson E. and Urban, G. L. [2002] Strategies for e- business success. MITS loan Management Review, Jossey—Bass.

[5]. Highsmith, J., Hunt, A., Jeffries, R., Kern, J., Marick, B., Martin, R., Mellor, S., Schwaber, K. Sutherland, J. and Thomas, D. (2005) Manifesto for Agile Software Develop- ment, Available at http://www.agilemanifesto.org

[6]. Best, M. H. (1990] The New Competition. Institutions of Industrial Restructuring. Polity Press, Cambridge, UK.

[7]. Bovet, D. and Martha, J. (2000) Value Nets Breaking the Supply Chain to Unhook Hidden Profits. John Wiley & Sons, NewYork.

[8]. Browne, J., Sackett, B. J. and Wortmann, J. C. (1995) Future Manufacturing Systems - Towards the Extended Enterprise. Computers in Industry, Vol. 25, pp. 235-254.

[9]. Browne J. and Zhang, J. (1999) Extended and virtual enterprises similarities and differences. International Journal ofAgiIe Management Systems, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 30-36.

[10]. Chandrashekar, A. and Schary, R B. (1999) Toward the virtual supply chain: The convergence of IT and organization. International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 27-39.

[11]. Christopher, M. (1998) Logistics and Supply Chain Management — Strategies for Reducing Cost and Improving Service. Prentice Hall.

[12]. Cucchiella, F., Gastaldi, M., Arunachalam, S. and Page, T. (2008) Translating the Supply Chain Uncertainty into a Firm New Value”, International Journal of Agile Systems andManagement, 3(4), pp. 192-215, ISSN 1741 — 9182.

[13]. Fensel, D. (2001) Ontologies: A Silver Bullet for Knowledge Management and Electronic Commerce. Springer—Verlag, 138 p.

[14]. Goldman, S. L., Nagel, R. N. and Preiss, K. (1995) Agile competitors and virtual organizations: Strategies for Enriching the Customer. Van Nostrand, Reinhold.

[15]. Goranson, H. T. (1999) The Agile Virtual Enterprise. Cases, Metrics, Tools, Quorum Books.

[16]. Gunasekaran, A.(1999] Design and implementation of agile manufacturing system. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 62, pp. 1-6.

[17]. Gunasekaran, A., Marri, H. B., McGaughey R. E. and Nebhwani, M. D. (2002) E—Commerce and its Impact on Operations Management. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 75, No. 1-2, p. 185.

[18]. Haapasalo, H., lskanius, R and Page, T. (2004) Order Delivery Process in Manufacturing Network Deploying Manufacturing Philosophies in the Steel Product Industry, pp. 1-10, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI, USA, Technical Paper: TP04PUB319

[19]. Haapasalo, H., Uutela, P. and Pajari, S. (2002) Developing co-operation in SME Manufacturing Network Fundamental Concepts from the Steel Product Industry. Proceedings of Conference on Small Business Research, Universityof Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland, 26 - 28 May, 2002.

[20]. Helaakoski, H., Peltomaa, I., lskanius, R and Page, T. (2007) A Roadmap Towards E-Commerce in the Steel Product Industry. pp 1-10, Society of Manufacturing Engineers [SME], Dearborn, Mi, USA, Technical Paper [TP07PUB209).

[21]. Hewitt, F. (2000) Demand satisfaction communities: new operational relationships in the information age. The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 9-20.

[22]. lskanius, R and Haapasalo, H. (2003) Collaboration in steel product industry - developing order delivery process in manufacturing network. Proceedings of International Conference on Industrial Logistics, Vaasa. Finland, 16-19June, 2003, pp. 270 282.

[23]. lskanius, R and Page, T. (2005) Development Road Map towards e—business - A Case Study. Proceedings of the 22nd International Manufacturing Conference IMC22, Vickery, J. [ed.), 22nd International Manufacturing Conference, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Ireland, pp. 493-500, ISBN 0-9551218.

[24]. lskanius, R and Page, T. (2007) A Case Study in E- Business and Supply Chain Integration. pp. 1-9, Society of Manufacturing Engineers [SME], Dearborn, Mi, USA, Technical Paper (TP07PUB74).

[25]. lskanius, F2, Page, T. and Haapasalo, H. (2005) Moving Toward an Agile Supply Chain - A Case Study from a Traditional Industry Sector. ICAM 2005 international Conference on Agile Manufacturing Proceedings, International Society of Agile Manufacturing (ISAM), ICAM 2005, Helsinki University of Technology, pp. 1 79-188.

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i-manager's Journal on Management (JMGT)

Current Issue Vol. 18 Issue 3

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 3 December - February 2009

The Financial Crisis and its Effect on the Financial Markets

Robert S. Goodman* , Donald L. Crooks**, Foued Ayari***

* Professor and Chair, Department of Business Administration, Wagner College, New York. ** Assistant Professor of Finance and Management, Wagner College. *** Assistant Professor of Finance, Wagner College.

Robert S. Goodman, Donald L. Crooks and Foued Ayari (2009). The Financial Crisis and its Effect on the Financial Markets. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.236

Abstract

References

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Securitization and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis of 2008

Chao-Hui Yeh*

I-shou University, R.O.C.

Chao-Hui Yeh (2009). Securitization and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis of 2008. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.237

Abstract

References

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HR Accounting – A Mammoth Myth?

Vadassery Gopakumar* , P.T. Raveendran**

* Dean of KMCT School of Business, Kozhikode. ** Professor and Head, Department of Management Studies, Kannur University Palayad, Thalassery.

Vadassery Gopakumar and P.T. Raveendran (2009). HR Accounting - A Mammoth Myth? i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.238

Abstract

References

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Foreign Exchange Intervention and Its Implications for the Central Bank's Balance Sheet: Experience of Thailand

Jittima Tongurai*

JSPS Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Faculty of Economics, Oita University, Oita Japan.

Jittima Tongurai (2009). Foreign Exchange Intervention and Its Implications for the Central Bank's Balance Sheet: Experience of Thailand. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.239

Abstract

References

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The Organizational and Financial Performance of the E-Banking Adoption: Case of the Tunisian Banks

Kaouther Amri* , Abdel Ghaffar Ben Hamida**

* Auditor, PriceWaferHouseCoopers, Belgium. ** Professor, University of Laws and Economics & Politics Sciences, Tunisia.

Kaouther Amri and Abdel Ghaffar Ben Hamida (2009). The Organizational and Financial Performance of the E-banking Adoption: Case of the Tunisian Banks. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.240

Abstract

References

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Drivers Towards E-Business in the Steel Product Industry

Heli Helaakoski* , P. Iskanius**, Irina Peltomaa***, Tom Page****

*, *** VTT Electronics, Rantakatu 5, Roche, Finland. ** Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Oulu, Finland. **** Department of Design and Technology, Loughborough University Loughborough, Leics.

Heli Helaakoski, P. Iskanius, Irina Peltomaa and Tom Page (2009). Drivers Towards E-business in the Steel Product Industry. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 3(3), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.3.3.241

Abstract

References

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Robert S. Goodman* , Donald L. Crooks, Foued Ayari*

* Professor and Chair, Department of Business Administration, Wagner College, New York.

Assistant Professor of Finance and Management, Wagner College.

* Assistant Professor of Finance, Wagner College.

* Dean of KMCT School of Business, Kozhikode.

** Professor and Head, Department of Management Studies, Kannur University Palayad, Thalassery.

* Auditor, PriceWaferHouseCoopers, Belgium.

** Professor, University of Laws and Economics & Politics Sciences, Tunisia.

Heli Helaakoski* , P. Iskanius, Irina Peltomaa*, Tom Page****

, VTT Electronics, Rantakatu 5, Roche, Finland.

Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Oulu, Finland.

**** Department of Design and Technology, Loughborough University Loughborough, Leics.