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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

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Exploring the Optical and Structural Properties of Chromium (Cr)-Doped Polyaniline
Green Route Extraction of TPA Monomer from Poly Cotton Fibre: A Sustainable Recovery Approach
Efficient Extraction of Diesel Oil from Waste Plastics: A Comprehensive Study
Laser-Based Ultrasonics for Non-Destructive Material Testing: A Practical Guide
Advancements and Applications of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters: A Comprehensive Review

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Volume 1 Issue 4 January - March 2014

Research Paper

An Investigation on Finishing Technique using Abrasivesin the Presence of a Magnetic Field

Govindan Puthumana* , Rahul M.S.**

* Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India.

** M.Tech student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India.

Govindan, P., & Rahul, M. S. (2014). An Investigation on Finishing Technique Using Abrasives in the Presence of a Magnetic Field. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2690

Abstract

The techniques for finishing of materials are being developed for applications in the Industry. Among these applications, there are several challenging situations such as Machining of Complex Features/sections on Products and Cutting of Metallic as well as Non-Metallic Materials. It is proposed that the methods using abrasives under the application of a magnetic field is appropriate for fine finishing. The abrasives are controlled by the magnetic forces and the machining forces are transferred to the workpiece surfaces. The quality of surface finish obtained depends on the quality of abrasives and the magnetic Lorentz forces. Considering the cost optimization of finishing process using magnetic abrasives, cost of the abrasive is of primary concern. The number of abrasive particles transferred to the intended cutting zone, size variation in the abrasive particles and the velocity of impingement of abrasive particles significantly influences the material removal mechanisms. It is evident that the generation of abrasives is also a challenging task. Therefore, in this paper, a preliminary study is carried out on finishing methods by employing the abrasives, under the effect of magnetic field. The significance of magnetic field application on various aspects of material removal is correlated.

References

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[2]. Kang, J., George, A. and Yamaguchi, H. (2012), Highspeed Internal Finishing of Capillary Tubes by Magnetic Abrasive Finishing, Procedia CIRP 2012, Vol1, No1, pp. 414- 418.

[3]. Kang, J. and Yamaguchi, H. (2012), Internal finishing of capillary tubes by magnetic abrasive finishing using a multiple pole-tip system, Precision Engineering, Vol1, No1, pp. 510-516.

[4]. Jain, V. K. (2009), Magnetic field assisted abrasive based micro-/nano-finishing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol 209, No1, pp. 6022-6038.

[5]. Er. Rohit Rampal, Assistant Professor, SUSCET, Tangori, (2012). Comparing the Magnetic Abrasives by Investigating the Surface Finish, Journal of Engineering, Computers & Applied Sciences (JEC&AS), Vol1, No1, October , pp. 20-24.

[6]. Ik-Tae Im1, Sang Don Mun1, (2009). Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea and Seong Mo Oh, Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea Micro machining of an STS 304 bar by magnetic abrasive finishing Revised April 27,

[7]. Singh, D. K., V.K.Jain., V. Raghuram (2003), Superfinishing of alloy steels using magnetic abrasive finishing process, Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, Vol1, No1, pp.1-4.

[8]. Parmvir Singh Kang, Dr. Lakhvir Singh, Jagdeep Singh Gill, Finishing of SUS 304 stainless steel bent tubes using magnetic abrasive finishing, Mechanica Confab – International Journal, Vol 2, No 3, pp.123-130.

[9]. Gill J. S., Singh L. (2012). Magnetic abrasive finishing of plane surfaces using Sintered abrasives, 2nd International conference AMMT, Chandigarh, 3-6 October,

[10]. M.Fox, K.Agarwal, T. Shinmura, and R.Komanduri (1994), “ Magnetic Abrasive Finishing of Rollers”, Annals of CIRP, Vol.43, No1, pp. 181-184.

[11]. S.L.Ko and J.K.Lee: (2001), Analysis on Burr formation in Drilling with New Concept Drill, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol,113, No1-3, pp392-398.

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Research Paper

Cellulosic Nanocomposites: Functional Vector For Arsenic Remediation

Kiran Singh* , TJM Sinha, Shalini Srivastava*

* _* Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India.

ACS Chemical Innovations, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Singh, K., Sinha, T. J. M., & Srivastava, S. (2014). Cellulosic Nanocomposites: Functional Vector For Arsenic Remediation. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2691

Abstract

Surface Functionalization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose using Diethyl Amine was carried out to form an Anion Adsorbent (3-N-N' dimethylamino-2-hydroxypropyl Nanocrystalline Cellulose Ether) for Arsenic Remediation. The product was thoroughly characterized using modern tools. Nano-biosorbent had high efficiency of removal of trivalent (85.20 %) and pentavalent (97.60 %) arsenic from aqueous solutions, even at low concentrations. Adsorption capacity was found to be 8.28 and 9.56 mg/g for As (III) and As (V) respectively. Functionalized nano-biosorbent is ideally suited for economic biosorbent for pretreatment step before large scale chemical treatments for arsenic remediation.

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Nanotechnology and water treatment: applications and emerging opportunities. Cri. Rev. Microbiol. 34(1): 43–69.

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Research Paper

Synthesis of Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composites and ItsUsage as Ammonia Gas Sensor

Vivek Talwar* , Ravi Chand Singh**

* Department of Research Innovation and Consultancy, Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India.

** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.

Talwar, V., & Singh, R. C. (2014). Synthesis of Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composites and Its Usage as Ammonia Gas Sensor. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 16-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2692

Abstract

This paper present synthesis of Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composites and their usage as Ammonia Gas Sensor. The authors adopted a novel chemical route for the synthesis of polyaniline composites via chemical method. These samples were prepared by oxidation of aniline via rapid mixing method. Aniline solution is prepared in sulphuric acid with addition of fixed wt % of zinc oxide. PANI-ZnO composites were synthesized by rapid mixing of ammonium persulphate to aniline solution in an ice bath. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) techniques. The morphology of synthesized samples exhibited fibrous and spherical structures. The thick films were prepared salt deposited on alumina substrate for gas sensing application. These sensors exhibited excellent response and recovery time, when exposed to different concentration of ammonia gas at room temperature.

References

[1]. A.G. Mac Diarmid, (2002). Semiconducting and metallic polymers: the fourth generation of polymeric materials. Synth. Met., Vol. 125, pp. 11-22.

[2]. A.J. Heeger, (2002). A novel role for organic polymers. Synth. Met., Vol. 125, pp. 23-42.

[3]. U. León-Silva, M.E. Nicho, H. Hu, R. Cruz-Silva, (2007). Effect of modified ITO substrate on electrochromic properties of polyaniline films, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, Vol. 91, pp. 1444-1448.

[4]. S. Zhu, W. Wei, X. Chen, M. Jiang, Z. Zhou, (2012). Hybrid structure of polyaniline/ZnO nanograss and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell with performance improvement, J. Solid State Chem., Vol. 190, pp. 174–179.

[5]. V. Talwar, O. Singh, R. C. Singh, (2014). ZnO assisted polyaniline nanofibers and its application in ammonia gas sensing. Sens. Actuators B, Vol. 191, pp. 276-282.

[6]. H. Karami, M.F. Mousavi, M. Shamsipur, (2003). A new design for dry polyaniline rechargeable batteries, J. Power Sources, Vol. 117, pp. 255–259.

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[9]. J. Huang, T. Yang, Y. Kang, Y. Wang, S. Wang, (2011). Gas sensing performance of polyaniline/ZnO organicinorganic hybrids for detecting VOCs at low temperature. J. Nat. Gas Chem., pp. 515–519.

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Research Paper

Xanthan Gum Based Gel Electrolyte Containing NaOH

Narinder Arora* , Viney Sharma, Rajesh Kumar*

-- P.G. Department. of Physics, D.A.V. College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Arora, N., Sharma, V., and Kumar, R. (2014). Xanthan Gum Based Gel Electrolyte Containing NaOH. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2693

Abstract

Ionic conductivity of xanthan gum based gel electrolytes containing NaOH has been studied and the maximum ionic conductivity (σ = 88.8 mS/cm) at room temperature has been recorded. The behavior of ionic conductivity with the rise in temperature has been observed. A small change in ionic conductivity of xanthan gum based gel electrolytes containing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has been observed with the passage of time. pH value of gel electrolyte containing NaOH shows their basic in nature.

References

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Research Paper

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural andOptical Properties of Muscovite Mica

Sukhnandan Kaur* , Surinder Singh, Lakhwant Singh*

-- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab.

Kaur, S., Singh, S., & Singh, L. (2014). Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of Muscovite Mica. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 24-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2694

Abstract

Present work reports the structural and optical properties of pristine and gamma irradiated muscovite mica. The XRD spectra are used to estimate structural parameters such as crystallite size and micro strain of pristine and irradiated samples. Williamson Hall analysis is employed to calculate crystallite size and micro strain of pristine and irradiated sheets. UV-VIS analysis provides the value of optical indirect, direct band gap and Urbach energy. It was found that the value of optical indirect and direct band gap increases with the increase of gamma dose upto 100 kGy and then decreases with further increase in gamma dose upto 2000 kGy. Thus, the increase of optical band gap makes natural muscovite fits for efficient optoelectronic devices.

References

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[9]. Kaur, S., Singh, S., Singh, L. & Lochab, S.P. (2013). Effect of Gamma irradiation on Opto-structural, Dielectric and Thermoluminscence properties of Natural Phlogopite Mica. Journal of Applied Physics, 114, 093503, 1-7.

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Research Paper

Enhanced Antioxidant Activity of Gold NanoparticlesEmbeded Solanum Tuberosum Extract and HPTLC Quantification

Roopa Rani* , Kiran Singh, Manmohan Srivastava*

__Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Deemed University, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

Rani, R., Singh, K., & Srivastava, M. (2014). Enhanced Antioxidant Activity Of Gold Nanoparticles Embeded Solanum Tuberosum Extract And HPTLC Quantification. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2695

Abstract

The facile synthesis of stable gold nano particles embeded solanum tuberosum (GNPST) is demonstrated using extract of Solanum Tuberosum. The best parameters for the synthesis were NaAuCl4 salt (0.1M, 2 μL) at room temperature. The results were verified using UV-Vis spectrometry, XRD, AFM and SEM. GNPST were monodispersed and of the size (40 ± 20nm). DPPH and Fenton bioassay indicated that GNPST exhibit 12% enhancement in antioxidant activity. HPTLC detection identified ascorbic acid as major antioxidant compound in the potato extract.

References

[1]. F. Shahidi, (1997). “Natural antioxidants: an overview, In: Natural Antioxidants, Chemistry, Health Effects and Applications” AOCS Press Champaign, Illinois, USA, pp. 1- 10,

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[4]. J. Lachman, K. Hamouz, M. Orsak, V. Pivec, P. Dvorak, (2008). “The influence of flesh colour and growing locality on polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity in potatoes” Sci Hortic Vol. 117, pp. 109-114,

[5]. C. R. Brown, (2005). “Breeding for phytonutrient enhancement of potato” Am J Pot Res. Vol. 85, pp. 163- 172,

[6]. T. Blessington, M. N. Nzaramba, D. C. Scheuring, A. L. Hale, L. Reddivari, J. Miller, (2010). “Cooking methods and storage treatments of potato: Effects on carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and phenolics” Am J Pot Res. Vol. 87, pp. 479-491,

[7]. D. Campos, G. Noratto, R. Chirinos, C. Arbizu, W. Roca, L. Cisneros-Zevallos, (2006). “Antioxidant capacity and secondary metabolites in four species of Andean tuber crops: native potato (Solanum sp.), mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón), Oca (Oxalis tuberosa Molina) and ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus Caldas)” J Sci Food Agric. Vol. 86, pp. 1481-1488,

[8]. G. Burgos, E. Salas, W. Amoros, M. Auqui, L. Munoa, M. Kimura, M. Bonbierale, (2009). “Total and individual carotenoid profiles in Solanum phureja of cultivated potatoes: I. Concentrations and relationships as determined by spectrophotometry and HPLC” J Food Compos Anal Vol. 22, pp. 503-508,

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Review Paper

Burnishing a Super Finishing Process – A Review

Aashish Sharma* , Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi**

*-** Amritsar College of Engineering and Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Sharma, A., & Kalsi, S. B. S. (2014). Burnishing a Super Finishing Process-A Review. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2696

Abstract

Burnishing is considered as a super finishing process. In this process, the metallic surface of the work piece undergoes plastic deformation by the pressing action of a hard and highly polished rotating ball or roller. By using finishing processes such as reaming, boring, etc., we can have the good surface finish but there is no affect on the surface characteristics of the material. Improvements in surface finish, surface hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be achieved by the application of this process. Burnishing parameters such as burnishing speed, burnishing force, burnishing feed, plays an important role in the improvement of the surface characteristics of the material. To select the burnishing parameters to reduce the surface roughness and to increase the surface hardness is especially crucial. The aim of this paper is to critically discuss the affect of different parameters on burnishing.

References

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[10]. A.M. Hassan, and A.S. AI- Bsharat, (1996). “ Influence of burnishing process on surface roughness, hardness, and microstructure of some non – ferrous metals,” Wear, Vol. 199, pp. 1-8,

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[15]. A.M. Hassan, (1997). “ An investigation into the surface characteristics of burnished cast Al –Cu alloys,” International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 813-821,

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[17]. N.H. Loh, and S.C. Tam, (1988). “ Effects of ball burnishing parameters on surface finish – A literature survey and discussion,” Precision Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 215-220,

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An Investigation on Finishing Technique using Abrasivesin the Presence of a Magnetic Field

Govindan Puthumana* , Rahul M.S.**

* Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India. ** M.Tech student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India.

Govindan, P., & Rahul, M. S. (2014). An Investigation on Finishing Technique Using Abrasives in the Presence of a Magnetic Field. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2690

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Cellulosic Nanocomposites: Functional Vector For Arsenic Remediation

Kiran Singh* , TJM Sinha**, Shalini Srivastava***

* _*** Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India. ** ACS Chemical Innovations, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Singh, K., Sinha, T. J. M., & Srivastava, S. (2014). Cellulosic Nanocomposites: Functional Vector For Arsenic Remediation. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2691

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Synthesis of Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composites and ItsUsage as Ammonia Gas Sensor

Vivek Talwar* , Ravi Chand Singh**

* Department of Research Innovation and Consultancy, Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India. ** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.

Talwar, V., & Singh, R. C. (2014). Synthesis of Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composites and Its Usage as Ammonia Gas Sensor. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 16-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2692

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Xanthan Gum Based Gel Electrolyte Containing NaOH

Narinder Arora* , Viney Sharma**, Rajesh Kumar***

*-**-*** P.G. Department. of Physics, D.A.V. College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Arora, N., Sharma, V., and Kumar, R. (2014). Xanthan Gum Based Gel Electrolyte Containing NaOH. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2693

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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural andOptical Properties of Muscovite Mica

Sukhnandan Kaur* , Surinder Singh**, Lakhwant Singh***

*-**-*** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab.

Kaur, S., Singh, S., & Singh, L. (2014). Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of Muscovite Mica. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 24-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2694

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Enhanced Antioxidant Activity of Gold NanoparticlesEmbeded Solanum Tuberosum Extract and HPTLC Quantification

Roopa Rani* , Kiran Singh**, Manmohan Srivastava***

*_**_***Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Deemed University, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

Rani, R., Singh, K., & Srivastava, M. (2014). Enhanced Antioxidant Activity Of Gold Nanoparticles Embeded Solanum Tuberosum Extract And HPTLC Quantification. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2695

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Burnishing a Super Finishing Process – A Review

Aashish Sharma* , Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi**

*-** Amritsar College of Engineering and Technology, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Sharma, A., & Kalsi, S. B. S. (2014). Burnishing a Super Finishing Process-A Review. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 1(4), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.1.4.2696

Abstract

References

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* Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India.

** M.Tech student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Kannur, India.

Kiran Singh* , TJM Sinha, Shalini Srivastava*

* _* Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India.

ACS Chemical Innovations, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

* Department of Research Innovation and Consultancy, Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India.

** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.

Narinder Arora* , Viney Sharma, Rajesh Kumar*

-- P.G. Department. of Physics, D.A.V. College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Sukhnandan Kaur* , Surinder Singh, Lakhwant Singh*

-- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab.

Roopa Rani* , Kiran Singh, Manmohan Srivastava*

__Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Deemed University, Dayalbagh, Agra, India