i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)


Volume 13 Issue 3 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Assessing the Adequacy of Probability Distribution for Extreme Value Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature using Goodness-Of-Fit And Diagnostic Tests

Vivekanandan*
Scientist-B, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Vivekanandan, N. (2018). Assessing the Adequacy of Probability Distribution for Extreme Value Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature using Goodness-Of-Fit And Diagnostic Tests. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 13(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14225

Abstract

Assessment of rainfall and temperature for a desired return period is of utmost importance for planning and design of hydraulic structures and also for installation of nuclear power projects. This can be achieved through Extreme Value Analysis (EVA) by fitting of probability distribution to the observed series of meteorological data. This paper illustrates the study on EVA of rainfall and temperature recorded at Mandla observatory adopting Gumbel and Frechet distributions. The annual series of 1-day maximum rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature derived from daily data are used for EVA. The parameters of the probability distributions are determined by order statistics approach and used in EVA. The adequacy of probability distribution is quantitatively assessed by using Goodness-of-Fit (GoF) test viz., Kolmogorov- Smirnov and Diagnostic test, using correlation coefficient and root mean squared error. The GoF and Diagnostic tests’ results show that Gumbel is better suited probability distribution for EVA of rainfall and temperature for the region under study.

Research Paper

Dynamic Changes in Mangrove Forest and Lu/Lc Variation Analysis over Indian Sundarban Delta in West Bengal (India) Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Data

Avinash Kumar Ranjan * , Shruti Kanga **
* M.Tech Scholar, Centre for Land Resource Management, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, India.
** Assistant Professor, Centre for Climate Change and Water Research, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Rajasthan, India.
Ranjan, A. K., and Kanga, S. (2018). Dynamic Changes in Mangrove Forest and Lu/Lc Variation Analysis over Indian Sundarban Delta in West Bengal (India) Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Data. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 13(3), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14226

Abstract

Sundarban ecological unit is a well-known world's major mangrove ecosystem, prolonged over Bangladesh and India across the deltaic formation of Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers. Indian Sundarban Delta (ISD) is located over Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers’ delta in West Bengal, India. In the existing epoch, sundarbans delta is prone to ecological pressure caused by various natural as well as anthropogenic activities. The mangroves ecosystems of ISD have been critically disturbing via climate changes such as Sea Level Rise (SLR), gales, flood, shoreline erosion, salinity intrusion, population pressure etc. Aforesaid issues are apprehension for the mangroves forest and can create more socio-economic complications for the local mankind and wildlife of the ISD. The present study has essentially focused on the analysis and assessment of temporal deviation in the spatial pattern of Indian sundarbans delta using chronological satellite imagery since 1972-2017. Digital image processing of multi-temporal Landsat-series satellite data of 1972s, 1987s, 2002s, and 2017s were carefully performed in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Loss of Mangroves cover and Land Use / Land Cover (LU/LC) transformation were accomplished using two image processing techniques; Supervised Classification (Random Forest Classification) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and accuracy assessment of the derived LU/LC map was done by preparing a confusion matrix. The impact of climate change on ISD and socio-economic impact of mangrove ecosystem on shelters has also discussed.

Research Paper

Geospatial Modelling to Assess Human Elephant Conflict and Corridor Mapping in Palamau Tiger Reserve, Jharkhand (India)

Shruti Kanga * , A. C. Pandey **, Ayesha Shaheen ***, Suraj Kumar Singh ****
* Assistant Professor and Coordinator, Centre for Climate Change & Water Research, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
** Professor, Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand (CUJ), India.
*** PG Scholar, Centre for Land Resource Management, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, India.
**** Assistant Professor and Coordinator, Centre for Sustainable Development, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Kanga, S., Pandey, A. C., Shaheen, A., & Singh, S. K. (2018). Geospatial Modelling to Assess Human Elephant Conflict and Corridor Mapping in Palamau Tiger Reserve, Jharkhand (India). i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology,13(3), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14227

Abstract

Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) is the basically jeopardized biggest earthbound creature. In the course of recent decades, the quantity of Asian Elephants has dwindled because of human infringement and spontaneous settlements and development along the development courses and halls of this lofty creature. Along these lines, legitimate preservation activities require a point by point spatial database on the courses and passages of Asian Elephant. Humannatural life clashes happen inside the setting of dynamic socio-environmental frameworks. Understanding these contentions at generally more extensive spatial and transient scales gives a knowledge into the contention situations crosswise over bigger territory and changes in their spread and power over a wide time frame. This information would be able to give vigorous contributions to arrangement making for the locale on the issue. Then again, understanding these contentions at generally littler spatio-fleeting scale may be helpful in moderation of contentions for neighbourhood administration organizations, for example, Forest Department. This locale is much of the time left by elephants from the neighbouring environments of Orissa and Jharkhand looking for better natural surroundings and regularly entering human residences and farming fields bringing about clashes with people. Satellite images and ground data were utilized for Land use/land cover mapping and identification of contention zones. In the present study, data was utilized to dole out weights to the three elements, viz., types of vegetation cover, nearness to water body, and vicinity to human home. In light of the investigation, a passageway for elephant development and movement has been recognized which could be overseen by the state government with a specific end goal to limit human-elephant clashes in the locale.

Research Paper

Cloud Identification Method Using HOS Based ICA For Multispectral NOAA Image

T. Venkata Krishnamoorthy * , G. Umamaheswara Reddy **
* Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India..
** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
Krishnamoorthy, T. V., and Reddy, G. U. (2018). Cloud Identification Method Using HOS Based ICA For Multispectral NOAA Image. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology,13(3), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14229

Abstract

The Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is showing a vital role in separating the image objects and dimensional reduction. The clouds are very important in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) multispectral image. The removal of total cloud is very difficult, so these clouds are classified using this proposed technique. Using ICA and k-means clustering algorithm, the different types of clouds are classified and clouds are separated from the water and ground levels. These values are verified by temperature values of Ch4 and Ch5 bands, individual bands, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and albedo reflectance values with Ch1 and Ch2. This algorithm shows optimum results compared with threshold and surface edge detection methods. The performance of this proposed method has been evaluated visually with good efficiency.

Research Paper

The Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Hilly Areas of Nepal

R. Chhetri * , Sufyan**
* PG Scholar, Forest Research Institute, Uttarakhand, India..
** Graduate, Tribhuwan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Chhetri, R., and Adhikari, S. (2018). The Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Hilly Areas of Nepal. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology,13(3), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14230

Abstract

The paper briefly analyses the impacts of climate change on water resources in hilly areas of Nepal. The study was carried out on three water supply systems from every two districts in different places. A tool was used to focus group discussion with the community dependent on the water supply system. Their experience in relation to climate variability or change over time was collected and analyzed. Secondary data obtained of precipitation and temperatures were also analyzed. Drying and depletion of spring water sources and frequent climate-induced hazards are caused due to changing rainfall patterns and temperature regime, which may be the result of climate change. Water scarcities have multiple impacts on the living condition of people, and adaptive capacity of local people in this area is very low which increases the vulnerability. Finally, it was explored that there is a need for future planning and management of water resources resilient to the climate change.

Research Paper

Risk Analysis on Drilling Rig in Oil and Natural Gas Using Engineering Tools

P. Praveen Kumar * , T. Ananth Kumar **
* Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IFET College of Engineering, Viluppuram, Tamil Nadu, India..
** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IFET College of Engineering, Viluppuram,Tamil Nadu, India.
Kumar, P. P., and Kumar, T. A. (2018). Risk Analysis on Drilling Rig in Oil and Natural Gas Using Engineering Tools.i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology,13(3),50-57 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.13.3.14231

Abstract

Drilling Rig safety emphasizes on the identification of Hazards during the drilling operation. Availability and Maintenance of Safety and Firefighting equipment, in line with the drilling operation emphasizes on training and awareness of the employees and workers associated with the operation. Accident reporting and investigation are seriously taken up for identifying the root cause of the accident and to avoid the reoccurrence. Special emphasis is given to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for protection of the employees working in critical areas. The accident dates should be collected and analyzed correctly. Risk Analysis is an effective tool to assess the various risks present in the rig, which is continuously getting sophisticated to identify possible hazards, quantify them and to implement required mitigation measures. Since the Degasser and Shale Shaker are identified as severe hazard equipments by Fire and Explosion Index (F & EI) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA), Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is carried out which recommends some more, in addition to the safeguards available there for the safe operation of the unit. The probabilities are also found out for the head events using ETA techniques and minimal cut sets are also found out for a single head event. This paper concludes with suitable recommendations to the drilling rig to mitigate the hazards.