i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)


Volume 9 Issue 3 February - April 2014

Research Paper

Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Pollutants by Using Sensors: and Remedial Measures

G. Kavitha* , N. Aswini**, V. Sridevi***
* Research scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, AU College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Vishakapatnam.
** M.tech Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, AU College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Vishakapatnam.
*** Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, AU College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Vishakapatnam.
Kavitha, G., Aswini, N., and Sridevi , V. (2014). Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Pollutants by using Sensors: and Remedial Measures. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.3.2685

Abstract

Air pollution through fine and ultra-fine particles is a major threat to human health in cities of developed and especially of developing countries. Carbon Monoxide (CO) is the main pollutant in industries, residence and rural areas, CO is commonly referred as the “silent Killer”. CO is extremely toxic and often effects victims in such a manner that they fail to recognize the liability. In certain countries, even higher levels of fine particles occur in the indoor environment due to open stove cooking and heating. The carbon monoxide is mainly released in traffic areas, and Parking garages. There are many sources that are Vehicles’ carbon monoxide sources, Home carbon monoxide sources, Travel carbon monoxide sources, Work carbon monoxide sources etc.,and there are so many effects caused by carbon monoxide. In this present work the detailed description on different types of sensing technologies like Solid state Sensors, Electro Chemical Sensors are used for finding CO and remedial measures to control CO are reviewed.

Research Paper

Studies on Alcohol Fermentation of Cashew Apple Juice Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

S.K. Masud Hossain* , N. Anatharaman**
* Principal, Muslim Association College of Engineering, Venjaramoodu, Trivandrum, India.
**Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapally, India.
Hossain , S..K. M., and Anatharaman, N.(2014). Studies On Alcohol Fermentation Of Cashew Apple Juice Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(3), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.3.2686

Abstract

The use of cashew apple juice to produce biofuel-alcohol by biotechnological process represents an important alternative to avoid wastage of large quantity of the fruit. Faced with the challenges of transforming raw materials and given the large amounts of cashew fruits destroyed at the expense of cashew nuts, a study of the fermentation of cashew apple juice is required for economic utilization of the agro-residue. This paper focuses on the alcohol fermentation of cashew apple juice by inoculation with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in CSBR. The optimum parameters for the bioethanol fermentation are time, 96 h; pH, temperature, 55ºC; stirring speed, 35 rpm; cashew apple juice concentration 400 g/L. Maximum yield of ethanol was found to be 0.493 g/g of cashew apple juice at the optimum −1 −1 parameters. The sp. yeast growth rate (m) was 7.05 s and maximum sp. yeast growth rate ( m) was 14.10 s using MAX Monod Model respectively. The enzyme kinetic parameter (Km) was 160.5 g/L for ethanol fermentation at optimum bioprocess conditions. Kinetics of ethanol fermentation from cashew apple juice shows a good agreement with the first order rate kinetics.

Article

Studies on the Effect of Antioxidants On Edible Oils in the Indian Context

Dr. S.V.A.R. Sastry* , Ch. V. Ramachandra Murthy**
* Senior Assistant Professor, MVGRCOE, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
** Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, AUCE & Principal, A.U. College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India.
Sastry , S. V. A. R., and Murthy , C. V R. (2014). Studies On The Effect Of Antioxidants On Edible Oils In The Indian Context. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(3) ,16-21.. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.3.2687

Abstract

Edible oil is a perishable ingredient the in daily consumption of food. It deteriorates rapidly under Indian climate conditions. The ever increasing and steady demand for the consumption of edible oil, shows the necessity of investigating their shelf life. Various causes are documented for the deterioration of oil. Hence, during the processing and refining of oil, it is fortified with various synthetically prepared antioxidants. The major antioxidants added in edible oil are t –Butyl Hydro Quinone (TBHQ), Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) and Propyl Gallate (PG). A study was planned to investigate the effect of different degrees of fortification of antioxidants on shelf life of the oil. Each sample of oil was analyzed chemically and interpreted with respect to the change in their shelf life. It showed that, out of those three antioxidants, BHA was most effective and PG was found to be least effective.

Research Paper

Removal of Manganese from Aqueous Solution by Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , M. Suresh**, I.S. Srikhar***, N. Madhuri****
*-**-***-**** Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.
Krishna, D., Suresh, M.,Srikhar, I.S., and Madhuri, N. (2014). Removal Of Manganese From Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder As Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(3), 22-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.3.2688

Abstract

Heavy metals like manganese(Mn II ) have been widely used in various industries like rubber processing, mining, fertilizers, leather, chemical manufacture, metal finishing, metal plating, paint industry and many other industries. Since manganese interferes with laundering operation, imparts objectionable stains to plumbing fixture and causes trouble in distribution systems by supporting growths of iron bacteria, it is very much required to remove manganese from effluents before allowing it to enter on any water system or to land. In this present study, the removal of manganese by adsorption on the limonia acidissima hull powder as adsorbent has been investigated in batch experiments. The agitation time, the adsorbent size, adsorbent dosage, initial manganese concentration and the effect of pH solution are studied. Adsorption mechanism is found to follow ‘Langmuir’ and ‘Freundlich’. The adsorption behavior is described by a second order kinetics. Percentage removal of manganese (VI) is found to be 84.41% at pH=4, w=0.2g, dp=89μm and temperature=303 K. The results obtained in this study illustrate that limonia acidissima hull powder is an effective and economically viable adsorbent for manganese removal from industrial waste water.

Research Paper

A Review on Treatment of Sugar Industry Effluents by Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

Vamsi Krishna Reddy* , M.P. Durgha Prasad**, Sujatha V***, V. Sridevi****
*-** Scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, A.U.College of Engineering,(A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.
***-**** Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, A.U.College of Engineering,(A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.
Reddy, A. V. K., Prasad, M .P. D., Sujatha, V., and Sridevi , V. (2014). A Review On Treatment Of Sugar Industry Effluents By Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology. 9(3) ,31-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.3.2689

Abstract

The world demand for sugar is the primary driver for Sugarcane Industry. In many developing countries, especially in Asia and South America, Sugarcane industry is one of the most prevalent agricultural industries. As a consequence, sugar cane industry has significant wastewater production. Rapid urbanization and industrialization in the developing countries like India are facing severe problems in collection, treatment and disposal of effluents. Un managed sugar mill effluent is found to have high contents of COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, and low contents of DO resulting in large scale contamination of land, water and air. This leads to serious public health problems and environmental degradation. Unfortunately, due to lack of knowledge, financial support and sometimes unwillingness to spend on treatment of wastewater, most of sugar industries in developing countries discharge wastewater without adequate treatment. For treating the biodegradable impurities, the natural choice is biological treatment, which could either be aerobic or anaerobic. But anaerobic digestion is an attractive waste treatment practice in which both pollution control and energy recovery can be achieved. Sugar industry wastewater was treated in a UASB ( Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). In this review, the sugar industry wastewater generation sources, characteristics, recent advancements in the aerobic, anaerobic, and physico-chemical treatment technologies, Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor technology and the areas needing further research have been explored.