5G Wireless Communication Systems: Performance Analysis and Optimization using Massive MIMO Technology
Performance Optimization of 5G NR Technology for Industrial Automation
A Comparative Analysis of SDON and Traditional Optical Networks in Elastic Optical Environments
A Review of Techniques for Minimizing Energy Consumption and Enhancing Lifespan in Wireless Sensor Networks
NodeMCU and Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture: A Review of Environmental Parameter Sensing
Impact of Mobility on Power Consumption in RPL
Implementation of Traffic Engineering Technique in MPLS Network using RSVP
FER Performance Analysis of Adaptive MIMO with OSTBC for Wireless Communication by QPSK Modulation Technique
Performance Evaluation of Advanced Congestion Control Mechanisms for COAP
DGS Based MIMO Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications
A Review on Optimized FFT/IFFT Architectures for OFDM Systems
Balanced Unequal Clustering AlgorithmFor Wireless Sensor Network
HHT and DWT Based MIMO-OFDM for Various ModulationSchemes: A Comparative Approach
Study and Comparison of Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network: A Review
A Review of Techniques for Minimizing Energy Consumption and Enhancing Lifespan in Wireless Sensor Networks
Sensor networks have recently emerged as a platform for several important surveillance and control applications. Sensor nodes are typically less mobile, more limited in capabilities, and more densely deployed than Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). Clustering the sensor nodes will reduce the energy wastage to some extent. First, it is considered that the arrangement of clusters is depending upon the intensity of data in a particular area. This selection of clusters is decided at the real – time deployment phase, and our simulation work considers it on a 2 – D spatial domain. Second, each cluster has an interconnected data exchange procedure which makes use of cluster head selection and consequently, each node transfers its information to the cluster head. The energy of each wireless node should be conserved and minimum utilization during the collection and transfer of data should be achieved. Keeping this as objective, a moderately energy efficient TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) based scheduling algorithm called as Load and Energy Consumption based Scheduling Algorithm (LECSA) has been developed and implemented in the simulation.
Microstrip antennas are becoming more popular due to their extraordinary properties like low profile, light weight, low cost, conformance to planar and non-planar surfaces, simplicity and inexpensive manufacturability. Microstrip patch antenna has tremendous scope in WLAN and WiMAX applications due to their low profile platform design. In this paper, a double L-slot microstrip patch antenna array with the Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Feed has been presented for WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) by operating frequencies. The results of simulation show that employing two different slots, a good bandwidth and a perfect impedance match can be obtained. This design results reduce the size, weight and allows easy integration in hand-held devices.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a collection of sensing devices that can communicate wirelessly where each device can sense, gather and deliver or process the data to its peers. WSNs is an “exciting emerging domain of deeply networked systems of low-power wireless motes with a tiny amount of CPU and memory, and large federated networks for high-resolution sensing of the environment”. As generally sensor nodes work with battery powered devices, so the main emphasis is how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes, so that the lifetime of network can be increased. There are several energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols. Amongst these, the authors have simulated LEACH in NS2 with MANNASIM framework and analyzed the performance of LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) in terms of alive nodes, frames, bits from cluster.
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging area of interest in road security. It is a sub network of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET). It is specially designed to provide road security by establishing Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication. Moving vehicles act as mobile nodes in VANET. As VANET is a new area, it is important to decide the best suitable protocol that matches with its rapid topology changes. This paper presents the study of Proactive and Reactive routing protocols in VANET on different parameters like Packet Delivery Ratio, End-to-End Delay and Throughput. On the basis of the above mentioned parameters efficiency of protocol is calculated.
The utilization of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to a full extent is limited by the limited energy constraints of the individual sensor nodes. Large part of the research in WSNs focus on the development of energy efficient routing protocols. Energy usage is the determining factor in the performance of WSNs. Both the methods of data routing and transferring to the base station are very important because the sensor nodes run on battery power and the energy availability for each sensor node is limited. To maximize the lifetime of the sensor node, it is better to share the energy dissipated throughout the sensor network in order to reduce maintenance and enhance the overall system performance. The proposed Cluster based approach is combined with Ladder Diffusion (LD) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to reduce the power consumption and to solve transmission routing problems in wireless sensor networks. The LD algorithm is employed to route paths for data relay and transmission in wireless sensor networks and it reduces power consumption and processing time to build the routing table. Moreover, to ensure the safety and reliability of data transmission, LD-ACO algorithm[5] provides backup routes to avoid wasted power and processing time when rebuilding the routing table in case part of sensor nodes are missing.
Wi-Fi has been widely deployed in enterprise and campus networks. With this wide deployment, it becomes increasingly important to understand the behavior of Wi-Fi interference and automatically managed Wi-Fi to ensure their normal operation and security. Selfish Carrier Monitoring (SCM) approach is used to detect a selfish attack of a Wi-Fi network by sniffer monitoring. Wi-Fi performance is analyzed by sniffers that capture transmitted frames. Multiple sniffers are deployed to monitor the selfish carrier sense behavior by initiating the threshold value with. Multiple sniffers in large areas, some areas are covered with more than one sniffer, and neighbour sniffers will observe the information about coverage areas. A node can be selfish by raising the Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) threshold value. Based on the identifications any misbehavior in carrier sense behavior with in the node pairs, and the selfish attack by tuning the threshold value are found. By detecting attacker nodes in the network, and sniffer broadcasting the information to the neighbour, in an isolate the attacker and choose alternate path for broadcasting. Distributed sniffers efficiently detect and isolate attacker in routing path. Selfish attack activates the sniffer monitoring system even when the network is in active state or inactive state depending on the suspicious value. Obtaining more accurate additional coverage area ratio of sensing neighbour coverage knowledge will also minimize router overhead.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology has matured to provide more efficient and flexible solution, through the wireless network anywhere on campus for internet access with less investment. WLAN mesh networks consist of Mesh Routers, Mesh Access Points (MAP), Mesh Gateways/Mesh Point Portal. Planning a network by minimizing the number of devices with better connectivity and coverage for cost effectiveness is a challenging issue. The gateway nodes in WMNs operate as integration points between the multi-hop wireless network and the wired network. Appropriate placement of such integration points is a critical factor in achievable system capacity.
