Innovations in Biomedical Engineering: Advancing Healthcare Devices on Recent Technology
Flood Detection and Monitoring using Arduino Based Sensor Technology
Automatic Lower Limb Rehabilitation Device
Heart Rate Variability-Based Detection of Driver Drowsiness and its Validation using EEG
IoT-Enabled Smart Shoes for the Blind
Biosensors for Early Diagnosis and Automated Drug Delivery in Pancreatic Cancer
Verilog Based UART System Design
IoT based Smart Agriculture Monitoring Framework with Automation
Intel ® Processor Architectural and Integrated Development Environment Exploration
An Integrated Model of Digital Fuel Indicator and GPS Tracking System for Vehicles
Designing of an Embedded system for Wireless Sensor Network for Hazardous Gas leakage control for industrial Application
Hardware Implementation of Artificial Neural Networks
Fault Analysis on Grid Connected MPPT BasedPhotovoltaic System
High Efficiency Hybrid Intelligent Street Lighting Using A Zigbee Network And Sensors
Design of Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using Interdigital Embedded Open Loop Triangular Resonator Loaded with Stubs
License Plate Localization Using Novel Recursive Algorithm And Pixel Count Method
Innovations in biomedical engineering have significantly advanced healthcare through the integration of technology into medical practices. This paper explores recent developments and their impact on improving patient outcomes, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, and revolutionizing treatment modalities. One major innovation is the advent of wearable medical devices, which enable continuous monitoring of vital signs and physiological parameters outside traditional clinical settings. These devices, ranging from smartwatches to implantable sensors, provide real-time data that empower individuals to proactively manage their health and allow healthcare professionals to remotely monitor patients, leading to early detection of health issues and timely interventions. Furthermore, advancements in medical imaging technology have revolutionized diagnostic capabilities, enabling high-resolution imaging of anatomical structures and functional processes. Techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have become indispensable tools for diagnosing diseases and guiding treatment decisions. Innovations in biomedical engineering continue to drive progress in healthcare, offering new opportunities to improve patient outcomes.
The flood and heavy rain monitoring and alert system using Arduino is a crucial tool for enhancing disaster management in flood-prone areas. By utilizing low-cost Arduino microcontrollers and sensors, the system provides real-time data on water levels and rainfall intensity, enabling timely alerts to be sent to residents and authorities. Its simplicity and affordability make it an ideal solution for developing countries and rural communities where traditional monitoring systems may be lacking. The proposed work represents a significant step towards improving early warning systems for floods and heavy rains, ultimately saving lives and reducing property damage in residential areas during flood-affected times.
Physiotherapy plays a pivotal role in the treatment of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. With significant advancements in mechatronics, orthotic devices have garnered interest across various sectors, including medicine and industry. Orthotic devices are external wearable machines powered by electric motors and can be applied to different body parts such as upper and lower limbs, heels, or toes, serving various purposes including rehabilitation, power assistance, diagnostics, monitoring, and ergonomics. However, existing wearable devices suffer from issues related to size, cost, and weight, being bulky, expensive, and heavy. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to design a portable, lightweight, and cost-effective rehabilitation system for individuals with a paralyzed leg, leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed wearable device, utilizing a PIC microcontroller, aims to monitor and control the lower limb and toes. Additionally, the inclusion of accelerometer and electromyography (EMG) sensors enhances the functionality of the device, allowing for precise movement monitoring and muscle activity detection. By integrating IoT capabilities, users can perform specific movements and exercises tailored to train the patient's impaired leg remotely, gradually restoring its functionality. This paper bridges the gap between traditional rehabilitation methods and modern IoT-enabled technology, offering a versatile solution for individuals with paralyzed legs. The lightweight and portable nature of the device, coupled with its affordability, makes it accessible to a wider demographic, potentially revolutionizing the fields of physiotherapy and rehabilitation.
Being drowsy while driving is considered highly dangerous. Addressing this issue is crucial because drivers' lives are at risk. Preventing accidents becomes challenging if drivers experience drowsiness. This study aims to develop a device to assist drivers, especially at night, in preventing accidents caused by drowsiness or sleepiness. The goal is to design an electronic device capable of detecting driver drowsiness by monitoring random changes in steering movement and wheel speed reduction. The vibration sensor's threshold can be adjusted accordingly to take appropriate action. If the driver falls asleep, a vibrator attached to the eye blink sensor frame vibrates, accompanied by warning messages on an LCD display. Depending on the severity, the device can slow down or stop the vehicle. Furthermore, the IoT module notifies the owner, providing the driver's location, photograph, and nearby police stations' details. This alerts the driver and informs the owner simultaneously. The proposed web application manages system parameters and sends alerts to drivers. The system proposes using a heartbeat sensor and an eye blink sensor to detect driver stress and pupil dilation. If drowsiness is detected, the system alerts the driver with a buzzer and slows down the vehicle if the driver fails to wake up. Additionally, a gas sensor indicator with a buzzer monitors fuel levels and detects leaks.
IoT-enabled smart shoes for the blind is equipped with ultrasonic sensors paired with an Arduino UNO board. The Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates communication among physical objects and between objects and humans. This enabling technology is experiencing rapid development and growth in the market. In India, there are nearly 40 million blind individuals, including 1.6 million children. Blind people encounter significant challenges in traveling independently and rely on others for various aspects of daily life. A major difficulty arises when navigating roads, as their canes may not detect every obstacle. The smart shoe design offers a long-term solution, enabling blind individuals to travel independently on roads. This shoe incorporates IoT technology, embedding various sensors, a microcontroller, and buzzers. The shoe alerts the user with buzzer sounds upon detecting obstacles ahead. To enhance efficiency, smart glasses using IoT technology have been developed, equipped with sensors to detect objects over a wider area. The smart shoes and smart glasses communicate and coordinate to ensure the user avoids collisions with obstacles in their path.
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging malignancies to diagnose and treat effectively, resulting in poor patient outcomes due to late-stage detection and limited therapeutic options. The emergence of biosensors has revolutionized cancer diagnosis and therapy, providing new avenues for early detection and personalized treatment. This paper explores the development and integration of biosensors within a unique expert system for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and drug delivery automation. It discusses the principles, types, and applications of biosensors in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, their role in automating drug delivery, and the design of an expert system that leverages these technologies to enhance patient outcomes.
