i-manager Publications

Volume 14 Issue 4 April - June 2021

Research Paper

Improved Quadratic Boost Converter with Reduced Current Stress on Input Inductor for Sustainable Energy Source Applications

Naga Kota Reddy Chegireddy * , Sai Babu Choppavarapu **

*-** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Chegireddy, N. K. R., and Choppavarapu, S. B. (2021). Improved Quadratic Boost Converter with Reduced Current Stress on Input Inductor for Sustainable Energy Source Applications. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18396

Abstract

Utilization of sustainable energy sources is increasing because they are non-toxic and environment friendly. DC-DC step-up converters with high voltage gain are required for connecting sustainable energy sources to loads. In high voltage gain DCDC step up converters, single switch converters are gaining more attention. When operating at a high duty cycle, in singleswitch converters, both the switch and the input inductor undergo more current stress. This paper analyses an improved quadratic boost converter (QBC) with decreased current stress on both switch and input inductor. The design of various parameters, such as an inductor and a capacitor, is depicted. The equations have been evaluated in order to understand the current and voltage stress of the switch and diodes. These equations will aid in the selection of their ratings. With this improved quadratic boost converter, the switch and input inductor current stresses are reduced by 50% for a given duty cycle value and the input current ripples are also reduced by 67%, when compared with QBC. Finally, the theoretical studies are validated through simulation using MATLAB with the support of the PLECS Blockset.

References

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[19]. Tattiwong, K., & Bunlaksananusorn, C. (2014, October). Analysis design and experimental verification of a quadratic boost converter. In TENCON 2014-2014 IEEE Region 10 Conference, (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

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Research Paper

Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement Using Coordinated PSS and TCSC for 3 Machine 9 Bus System

Niharika Agrawal * , Mamatha M. Gowda **

*-** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SJB Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Agrawal, N., and Gowda, M. M. (2021). Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement Using Coordinated PSS and TCSC for 3 Machine 9 Bus System. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18375

Abstract

The demand of electricity is continuously increasing. There are interconnections of power systems which are located at different places. Due to weak interconnection between tie lines, there are oscillations in the power system which affect the stability of the power system. There are oscillations of active power in power transmission systems particularly during heavy power transfer. Such oscillations can be excited by a number of reasons such as line faults or a sudden change of generator output. Due to the presence of active power oscillations, there are limitations of power transmission capacity. It is often possible to find remedy by building additional lines or upgrading existing lines, but this cost a lot of money and takes a lot of time. In some cases, it may also be possible to introduce power system stabilizers (PSS) on generators, but this will not always work, particularly not for inter-area power oscillations, which tend to be of a low frequency (typically 0.2 Hz to 0.7 Hz). In this condition, a FACTS device called Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) will be an attractive alternative to consider. It provides a cost-effective, robust power oscillation damper, insensitive to its location in the system and it is noninteracting with local oscillation modes. In a number of cases, it will turn out to be the best practicable solution.

References

[1]. Acharya, A. G., & Shah, B. J. (2018). Small signal stability improvement of multi machine power system using power system stabilizer. International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 9(2), 62–74.

[2]. Ataei, M., Hooshmand, R. A., & Parastegari, M. (2012). A wide range robust PSS design based on power system pole-placement using linear matrix inequality. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 63(4), 233–241.

[3]. Barati, J., Mortazavi, S. S., & Saidian, A. (2010). Analysis and assessment of FACTS-based stabilizers for damping power system oscillations using genetic algorithms. International Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE), 5(6), 2819-2827.

[4]. Baseer, M. A. (2014). Transient stability improvement of multi-machine power system using fuzzy controlled TCSC. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 9(1), 28-40.

[6]. Dewangan, A., & Sahu, A. (2016). Comparative analysis of power system stability in SMIB using GA and PSO. International Journal of Digital Application & Contemporary Research, 4(10), 1-5.

[7]. Dey, P., Bhattacharya, A., & Das, P. (2019). Tuned power system stabilizer for enhancing small signal stability of large interconnected power system. Caribbean Journal of Science, 53(1), 844-857.

[8]. Dixit, S., Srivastava, L., Singh, A., & Agnihotri, G. (2015). Optimal placement of TCSC for enhancement of power system stability using heuristic methods: An overview. International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, 8(6), 367-374.

[9]. Hameed, K. A., & Palani, S. (2013). Robust design of power system stabilizer using bacterial foraging algorithm. Archives of Electrical Engineering, 141-152.

[10]. Hameed, K. A., & Palani, S. (2014). Robust design of power system stabilizer using harmony search algorithm. Automatika, 55(2), 162-169.

[11]. Jamhoria, S., & Srivastava, L. (2014, January). Applications of thyristor controlled series compensator in power system: An overview. In 2014, International Conference on Power Signals Control and Computations (EPSCICON), (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[12]. Kasilingam, G., & Pasupuleti, J. (2015). Coordination of PSS and PID controller for power system stability enhancement–overview. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(2), 142-51.

[13]. Mansouri, M., Westwick, D., & Knight, A. M. (2020). A cascade structure of damped-SOGI to identify multimode low-frequency oscillations. In 21st IFAC World Congress (Virtual), Berlin, Germany, (pp.13666-13668).

[14]. Misaghi, A., Isfahani, S. H., Kargar, A., Abjadi, N. R. (2011). Increasing the stability of power systems by simultaneous design of PSS and TCSC through the PSO technique. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 1(10), 1535-1540.

[15]. Mustafa, M. W., Al Gizi, A. J., & Alsaedi, M. A. (2012). Adaptive PID controller based on real base function network identification, and genetic algorithm in automatic voltage regulator system. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(11), 515-525.

[16]. Naresh, G., Ravindra, K., Raju, M. R. & Narasimham, S. V. L. (2011). Optimal design of multi-machine power system stabilizer using genetic algorithm. Innovative Systems Design and Engineering, 2(4), 138-153.

[17]. Nileshbhai, N. P., & Patel, A. T. (2017). Dynamic stability improvement of multi machine power system. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 6(2), 383-385.

[18]. Parida, T., & Nayak, N. (2019). Stability improvement of VSC-HVDC based multi machine power system using optimized super twisting sliding mode controller. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(1), 4871-4879.

[19]. Patel, A. D., & Patel, J. G. (2018). Dynamic stability improvement for single machine infinite bus system installed with PSS. International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 4, 2594- 2598.

[20]. Patel, A. T., Shah, H. A., Shah, S. K. (2014). Development of real time controller of a single machine infinite bus system with PSS. International Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2(9), 36-42.

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[22]. Shekhar, A. (2012). Design of robust power system stabilizer for SMIB system using Nevanlinna-Pick theory. Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 3(6), 1-7.

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[24]. Stevanovski, B., & Mojsoska, N. (2019). Impact of the power system stabilizer on transient stability of the power system. In 54th International Scientific Conference on Information, Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST 2019), (pp. 277-280).

[25]. Zala, D., Shubhanga, K. N., & Rao, K. (2019, December). Modal analysis of multi-machine power system for load perturbation. In 2019, 8th International Conference on Power Systems (ICPS), (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

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Research Paper

Effect of CQD Surface Treatment on Silica Nanofillers for Lightning Impulse Strength Improvement of Mineral Oil

P. Kasi Viswanathan* , S. Chandrasekar , Balaji Sakthivel *

*-*** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.

Viswanathan, P. K., Chandrasekar, S., and Sakthivel, B. (2021). Effect of CQD Surface Treatment on Silica Nanofillers for Lightning Impulse Strength Improvement of Mineral Oil. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18234

Abstract

This study provides an understanding about lightning impulse characteristics of mineral oil used in transformers and other high voltage applications. The withstand capability of mineral oil is studied under various experimental conditions, such as different electrode spacing, electrode type, nanofiller type and filler concentration. Experiments are carried out for 5 mm and 10 mm interelectrode gaps. Different electrode configurations such as needle-sphere and needle-plane electrodes are used. Nanofillers such as SiO₂ and carbon quantum dots (CQD) treated SiO₂ nanoparticles are used in various concentrations such as 0.01% weight, 0.05% weight and 0.1% weight of mineral oil. Comparison is done for positive and negative polarities of lightning impulse test voltages. From the experimental results, it follows that the influence of nanoparticles to deliver better results in impulse withstand capabilities of commercially used mineral oil with improved performance in lightning impulse to withstand strength.

References

[1]. Cavallini, A., Karthik, R., & Negri, F. (2015). The effect of magnetite, graphene oxide and silicone oxide nanoparticles on dielectric withstand characteristics of mineral oil. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 22(5), 2592-2600.

[2]. Chandrasekar, S., Viswanathan, P. K., Uthirakumar, P., & Montanari, G. C. (2020). Investigations on novel carbon quantum dots covered nanofluid insulation for medium voltage applications. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 15(1), 269-278.

[3]. Dao, V. D., Kim, P., Baek, S., Larina, L. L., Yong, K., Ryoo, R., ... & Choi, H. S. (2016). Facile synthesis of carbon dot-Au nanoraspberries and their application as high-performance counter electrodes in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Carbon, 96, 139-144.

[4]. Guo, S., Ishimatsu, R., Nakano, K., & Imato, T. (2015). Applications of carbon quantum dots in electrogenerated chemiluminescence sensors. Journal of Flow Injection Analysis, 32(2), 75-80.

[5]. Jin, H., Morshuis, P., Mor, A. R., Smit, J. J., & Andritsch, T. (2015). Partial discharge behavior of mineral oil based nanofluids. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 22(5), 2747-2753.

[6]. Jin, H., Morshuis, P. H., Smit, J. J., & Andritsch, T. (2014, June). The effect of surface treatment of silica nanoparticles on the breakdown strength of mineral oil. In 2014, IEEE 18th International Conference on Dielectric Liquids (ICDL), (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

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[8]. Lv, Y. Z., Zhou, Y., Li, C. R., Wang, Q., & Qi, B. (2014). Recent progress in nanofluids based on transformer oil: preparation and electrical insulation properties. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 30(5), 23-32.

[9]. Ma, Y. J., Liu, Y., Zhou, X. H., & Liu, C. Y. (2013). Preparation and characterisation of multifunctional magnetic-fluorescent Fe3O4/carbon dots/silica composites. Micro & Nano Letters, 8(6), 302-304.

[10]. Nagendran, S., & Chandrasekar, S. (2018). Investigations on partial discharge, dielectric and thermal characteristics of nano SiO2 modified sunflower oil for power transformer applications. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 13(3), 1337-1345.

[11]. Ramu, T. S., Keshavan, B. K., & Murthy, K. B. (2012, July). Application of a class of nano fluids to improve the loadability of power transformers. In 2012, IEEE 10th International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[12]. Thien, Y. V., Azis, N., Jasni, J., Ab Kadir, M. Z. A., Yunus, R., Ishak, M. T., & Yaakub, Z. (2016a). The effect of polarity on the lightning breakdown voltages of palm oil and coconut oil under a non-uniform field for transformers application. Industrial Crops and Products, 89, 250-256.

[13]. Thien, Y. V., Azis, N., Jasni, J., Kadir, M. Z. A. A., Yunus, R., Ishak, M. T., & Yaakub, Z. (2016b). Evaluation on the lightning breakdown voltages of palm oil and coconut oil under non-uniform field at small gap distances. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 184-191.

[14]. Ushakov, V. Y., Klimkin, V. F., & Korobeynikov, S. M. (2007). Impulse breakdown of liquids. Springer.

[15]. Uthirakumar, P., Devendiran, M., Yun, J. H., Kim, G. C., Kalaiarasan, S., & Lee, I. H. (2018). Role of carbon quantum dots and film thickness on enhanced UV shielding capability of flexible polymer film containing carbon quantum dots/N-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Optical Materials, 84, 771-777.

[16]. Viswanathan, P. K., & Chandrasekar, S. (2019, November). Influence of CQD. In 2019, IEEE 4th International Conference on Condition Assessment Techniques in Electrical Systems (CATCON), (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

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Research Paper

Analysis of Selective Harmonic Elimination for Three-phase Voltage/Current Source Inverter

R. Linga Swamy*

Department of Electrical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Swamy, R. L. (2021). Analysis of Selective Harmonic Elimination for Three-phase Voltage/Current Source Inverter. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18401

Abstract

In this paper, selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHE-PWM) technique is applied for the control of three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with RL and Induction motor loads. SHE-PWM is also applied to three-phase current source inverters (CSI) with RC load. A simplified approach for applying SHE to both VSI and CSI is proposed and analysed. This study enables to calculate switching angles for any number (even or odd) of harmonics to be eliminated. The purpose of calculating switching angles is to eliminate the selected order harmonics to improve the performance, and detailed explanation has been given on how these switching angles can eliminate the selected harmonics. With the proposed approach, along with eliminating the selected harmonic component, the magnitude of the fundamental component is also controlled to the desired value. The entire study has been conducted using MATLAB Simulink Software.

References

[1]. Azab, M. (2010). Particle swarm optimisation-based solutions for selective harmonic elimination in single-phase PWM inverters. International Journal of Power Electronics, 2(2), 125-142.

[2]. Azab, M. (2011). Harmonic elimination in three-phase voltage source inverters by particle swarm optimization. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 6(3), 334-341.

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[4]. Gawade, O., Utekar, O., Ranjane, S., Raut, A., & Sonune, R. (2019). V/F Speed Control Technique of Three Phase Induction Motor. International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering, 7(1), 40-44.

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[6]. Liang, T. J., O'Connell, R. M., & Hoft, R. G. (1997). Inverter harmonic reduction using Walsh function harmonic elimination method. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 12(6), 971-982.

[7]. Nalcaci, G., & Ermis, M. (2018, May). Selective harmonic elimination for three-phase voltage source inverters using whale optimizer algorithm. In 2018, 5th International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ICEEE), (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[8]. Namuduri, C., & Sen, P. C. (1986). Optimal pulsewidth modulation for current source inverters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, (6), 1052-1072.

[9]. Sayyah, A., Aflaki, M., & Rezazade, A. R. (2006, October). Optimization of THD and suppressing certain order harmonics in PWM inverters using genetic algorithms. In 2006, IEEE Conference on Computer Aided Control System Design, IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, (pp. 874-879). IEEE.

[10]. Sundareswaran, K., Jayant, K., & Shanavas, T. N. (2007). Inverter harmonic elimination through a colony of continuously exploring ants. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 54(5), 2558-2565.

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Research Paper

Design and Implementation of Solar Grass Cutter

Akhilesh B. B. * , Daniel Abraham , Divyashree S. , Himashree M. S. , Manu D. K.

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K S School of Engineering and Management, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Akhilesh, B. B., Abraham, D., Divyashree, S., Himashree, M. S., and Manu, D. K. (2021). Design and Implementation of Solar Grass Cutter. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18368

Abstract

This paper proposes a lawnmower which operates on solar power, eliminating the use of internal combustible engines that uses fossil fuel. This new design has no emission and hence there is no pollution. A microcontroller is used in this work to control the entire operating process of the lawnmower or the grass cutter. An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect obstacles; DC motors are used for the robot chassis and cutting blades. All the electromechanical devices used in this cutter are powered by solar panels placed on trucks and trailers. The key objective of this design is to keep the environment clean with reducing noise pollution and clean air.

References

[1]. Aponte-Roa, D. A., Collazo, X., Goenaga, M., Espinoza, A. A., & Vazquez, K. (2019, January). Development and evaluation of a remote controlled electric lawn mower. In 2019, IEEE 9th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[2]. Baingane, T., Nagrale, S., Gumgaonkar, S., Ramteke, S., Langade, G., & Dhumal, V. M. (2018). Fully automated solar grass cutter. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 4(2), 3295- 3299.

[3]. Dilip, B. P., Pagar, N. B., Ugale, V. S., Wani, S., & Sharmila, M. (2017). Design and implementation of automatic solar grass cutter. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 6(2), 983-987.

[4]. Habib, M. R., Ahmed, K., Khan, N., Kiran, M. R., Habib, M. A., Hasan, M. T., & Farrok, O. (2019, July). PID controller based automatic solar powerdriven grass cutting machine. In 2019, International Conference on Computer, Communication, Chemical, Materials and Electronic Engineering (IC4ME2), (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

[5]. Hariya, A., Kadachha, A., Dethaliya, D., & Tita, Y. D. (2017). Fully automated solar grass cutter. International Journal of Science Technology and Engineering, 3(9), 104- 106.

[6]. Khodke, K. R., Kukreja, H., Kotekar, S., Kukade, N., & Shende, C. J. (2018). Grass cutting machine. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Engineering Research, 6(2), 97-101.

[7]. Manimegalai, M., Mekala, V., Prabhuram, N., & Suganthan, D. (2018, December). Automatic solar powered grass cutter incorporated with alphabet printing and pesticide sprayer. In 2018, International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Communication for Smart World (I2C2SW), (pp. 268-271). IEEE.

[8]. Paala, N. M. A., Garcia, N. M. M., Supetran, R. A., & Fontamillas, M. E. L. B. (2019, February). Android controlled lawn mower using Bluetooth and WIFI connection. In 2019, IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS), (pp. 702-706). IEEE.

[9]. Patil, B. R., & Patil, S. S. (2017). Solar based grass cutter: A review. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 9(1), 134-138.

[10]. Sultana, A., Fatima, S., Mubeen, H., Begum, R., Sohelrana, K., & Jameel, A. (2020, June). A review on smart IoT based gesture controlled grass cutting vehicle. In 2020, 4th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI), (pp. 440-444). IEEE.

[11]. Wasif, M. (2011, September). Design and implementation of autonomous lawn-mower robot controller. In 2011, 7th International Conference on Emerging Technologies, (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[12]. Yadav, R. A., Chavan, N. V., Patil, M. B., Mane, V. A. (2017). Automated solar grass cutter. International Journal ofScientific Developmentand Research (IJSDR), 2(2), 65-69.

i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering (JEE)

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Volume 14 Issue 4 April - June 2021

Improved Quadratic Boost Converter with Reduced Current Stress on Input Inductor for Sustainable Energy Source Applications

Naga Kota Reddy Chegireddy * , Sai Babu Choppavarapu **

*-** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Chegireddy, N. K. R., and Choppavarapu, S. B. (2021). Improved Quadratic Boost Converter with Reduced Current Stress on Input Inductor for Sustainable Energy Source Applications. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18396

Abstract

References

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Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement Using Coordinated PSS and TCSC for 3 Machine 9 Bus System

Niharika Agrawal * , Mamatha M. Gowda **

*-** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SJB Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Agrawal, N., and Gowda, M. M. (2021). Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement Using Coordinated PSS and TCSC for 3 Machine 9 Bus System. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18375

Abstract

References

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Effect of CQD Surface Treatment on Silica Nanofillers for Lightning Impulse Strength Improvement of Mineral Oil

P. Kasi Viswanathan* , S. Chandrasekar **, Balaji Sakthivel ***

*-*** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.

Viswanathan, P. K., Chandrasekar, S., and Sakthivel, B. (2021). Effect of CQD Surface Treatment on Silica Nanofillers for Lightning Impulse Strength Improvement of Mineral Oil. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18234

Abstract

References

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Analysis of Selective Harmonic Elimination for Three-phase Voltage/Current Source Inverter

R. Linga Swamy*

Department of Electrical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Swamy, R. L. (2021). Analysis of Selective Harmonic Elimination for Three-phase Voltage/Current Source Inverter. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18401

Abstract

References

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Design and Implementation of Solar Grass Cutter

Akhilesh B. B. * , Daniel Abraham **, Divyashree S. ***, Himashree M. S. ****, Manu D. K. *****

*-***** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K S School of Engineering and Management, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Akhilesh, B. B., Abraham, D., Divyashree, S., Himashree, M. S., and Manu, D. K. (2021). Design and Implementation of Solar Grass Cutter. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 14(4), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.14.4.18368

Abstract

References

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P. Kasi Viswanathan* , S. Chandrasekar , Balaji Sakthivel *

Akhilesh B. B. * , Daniel Abraham , Divyashree S. , Himashree M. S. , Manu D. K.