i-manager's Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences (JHSS)


Volume 4 Issue 2 May - August 2024

Research Paper

Women in Panchayats: The History, the Perspective and the Background

N. R. Viji*

Abstract

Women play a key role in India's Panchayat Raj System by serving as Panchayat members and Chairpersons. The main reason for together with women in the system was to engage them in national administration and progress. The United Nations (UN) adopted the Convention on Women's Political Rights in 1952. UN has organized four World Conferences on Women. The Fourth was held in Beijing in 1995. It declared that women’s equivalent participation in decision-making is not only a stipulation for simple justice or democracy other than being capable of also being seen as an essential situation for women’s well-being to be taken into account. It also declared that women must have at least a 30% share of decision-making positions. Conversely, partaking of women, in common, in politics and public life in India has been dreadfully little. There is a huge gap between men and women in political actions away from voting. The involvement of women at the higher level is lower compared to their involvement at the lower level of governance structure. In the domestic field leadership and administrative skills of women are wordlessly renowned still; they are not given space in the public sphere. Whereas other marginalized communities such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes got reservations in the Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies, no reservation for women was given in the Constitution of India in the beginning which restricted their political empowerment.

Article

MILITARY-CONNECTED HIGH-SCHOOL GRADUATES’ LIVED EXPERIENCES WITH K-12 CIVILIAN SCHOOLS

Christy L. Thomas*

Abstract

This study explores the K-12 experiences of military-connected (M-C) students who attend public schools in a large school district in the southeastern United States.  Hamilton McCubbin’s family stress theory that explores how family members handle situational stressors, the ability to thrive and prove resilient or disintegrate to a degree that threatens the family’s stability guides this research. Data collection included interviews, letters of advice, and focus groups and analysis generated codes and themes. Member checks; prolonged engagement; rich descriptions and peer reviews addressed concerns regarding trustworthiness. The central research question investigated M-C graduates’ descriptions of K-12 lived experiences in public schools. The research sub-questions investigated how M-C high school graduates describe their (a) academic, (b) social, and (c) extracurricular experiences in K-12 civilian schools. The results may provide educational stakeholders at federal, state, and local levels with information to enhance teaching and learning of M-C students attending civilian schools.

Research Paper

Episodic Medication Adherence among Adolescents with Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV): Roles of Parental Involvement and Peer Pressure in Receiving Treatments in Lagos, Nigeria

Caleb Onah*

Abstract

This research examined parental involvement and peer pressure as predictors of episodic medication adherence during treatment among adolescent patients living with HIV in Lagos State. A cross-sectional design was employed with 181 patients undergoing HIV treatment. Data collection utilized the self-reported Perceptions of Parent Involvement Scale, Peer Pressure Questionnaire, and Medication Adherence Report Scale. Hypothesis one revealed that parental involvement significantly predicted episodic medication adherence during home treatments among patients living with HIV (F (1,180) = 179.156; p < .05, R = .867, R² = .751). Hypothesis two showed that peer pressure significantly predicted episodic medication adherence during home treatments among patients living with HIV (F (1,180) = 152.328; p < .05, R = .677, R² = .458). Hypothesis three revealed that both parental involvement and peer pressure significantly predicted episodic medication adherence during home treatments among patients living with HIV (F (2,179) = 265.357; p < .05, R = .865, R² = .748). It is recommended that providing compliance tools for caregivers, such as technologies like smartphone apps and calendars, can offer convenient reminders for medication schedules. Additionally, linking medication times to daily activities such as waking up in the morning or brushing teeth could prove beneficial for both caregivers and the adolescents involved in their own therapy.

Research Paper

UNDERSTANDING THE DISCONNECTION IN ROYAL COLONIAL LEADERSHIP OF THE BRITISH COMMANDERS-IN-CHIEF (1775-1783): GAGE, W. HOWE, AND CLINTON

Gabrielle McBath*

Abstract

When the British lost their American colonial territories in 1781 at the end of the American Revolutionary War, it was the culmination of events that began as far back as the conclusion of the American Theatre of the Seven Years’ War (the French and Indian War, 1763). Examples include changing dynamics in British Parliamentary charters, the involvement of American international allies (primarily France, Spain, and the Dutch Republic) seeking retribution for the French and Indian War, shortages of supplies and munitions, misjudgements regarding Loyalist support, and independent British generals failing to coordinate their military offensives. However, one less-discussed example is the disconnect in leadership styles among the three British Commanders-in-Chief of the American Colonies from 1775 to 1783: Thomas Gage, William Howe, and Henry Clinton. This paper will assess their leadership failures as they navigated their varying styles during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783).

Article

From Text to Visual: Analyzing the Influence of Graphic Design on English Language Storytelling

Zahra Sadat Roozafzai*

Abstract

This research employs a mixed-method design to examine the impact of graphic design elements on reader engagement, comprehension, and overall experience in English language storytelling. Through a series of carefully controlled experiments, participants are exposed to different versions of the same short story, each featuring varying levels of graphic design integration, including typography, layout, color, and imagery. By comparing participant responses across these conditions, the study seeks to uncover how graphic design can either enhance or detract from the narrative experience. Results from the experiments demonstrate that strategically incorporating graphic design elements can significantly improve reader engagement and comprehension, thereby transforming the storytelling landscape. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamic relationship between graphic design and English language storytelling, underscoring the potential of this interdisciplinary collaboration to redefine and expand the boundaries of narrative expression.

Article

INFLUENCE OF SELECTED AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES ON HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN ALEGO USONGA SUB COUNTY, SIAYA COUNTY. KENYA

Brian Omondi*

Abstract

This study aims to assess the influence of selected agricultural technologies on household food security in Siaya .Kenya  The research focuses on three specific technologies: wood ash application, irrigation, and hybrid crop varieties. The core aspects of food security - availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability - will be considered in the analysis. The study employs a cross-sectional descriptive survey design with a sample of 351 household heads. Data will be collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires, observation checklists, and key informant interviews. Statistical analysis will be conducted using SPSS and MS Excel to explore the relationships between the chosen technologies and the various dimensions of household food security. This research will contribute valuable insights for policymakers and agricultural development agencies working to improve food security in Alego Usonga and similar regions. By understanding the effectiveness of specific technologies, interventions can be tailored to address the specific needs of the community.

Research Paper

Zam - A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES IN NDOLA CITY

Nick Pimpa Chisumpa*

Abstract

The Study is aimed at investigating the impact of youth unemployment and its consequences in Ndola City, the study employed a well-defined target. Structured and Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The study had a main objective which was to investigate the impact of youth unemployment and its consequences. The specific objectives were: to assess the major cause of unemployment among the youths, to find out the impacts of unemployment among the youths and its consequences, to investigate how these youths survives without any employment and to determine government programs that could help mitigate youth unemployment.