Abstract

In current days, we hear a lot about child abuse and molestation from newspapers and media. Every single day, when we read newspapers, watch news, or use internet, there is always news of young children (both boys and girls) being sexually abused by an adult around them whom they trust or a stranger. The problem is that they do not even realize that something wrong had happened to them. In India, this is widely spreading and occurs both within and outside a family circle. A study says there is one in nine girls and one in 53 boys are abused sexually before the age of 18 years. About 90% of victims are sexually abused by the person they know and only 10% children were abused by strangers (Deb & Mukherjee, 2011). There are many negative consequences of child sexual abuse on children's mental health, which may even continue throughout their life span. Everyday, safety of children throughout the country is threatened by child abuse. Keeping our future generation safe is not only the responsibility of a family, teacher, any agency or a professional group rather it is a responsibility of the whole community.

Abstract

In 2012, Truvada, the medication used for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention by those at high-risk of viral acquisition through sexual practices. Since then, it has been found to be an effective prevention modality for multiple high-risk populations, including those with Substance Use Disorders (SUD), yet most of the research on PrEP has focused on use among men who have sex with men. In an effort to consolidate the existing evidence on PrEP use among those with SUD, a systematic review was performed and areas of established insight, in addition to those in which such insight is lacking, were identified. The present study is a systematic review of publications related to both HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and substance use disorder. It was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

A total of 107 distinct articles were extracted from three databases and 11 articles were selected for final review based on criteria designed to meet the objectives of the study. Eleven studies (five cross-sectional, three qualitative, two literature reviews, and one commentary) were ultimately selected as the most relevant evidence on the topic to date. Numerous gaps exist in the literature, including a lack of research on the implementation of PrEP uptake initiatives in the context of a SUD treatment center. Further research is needed to examine the efficacy of the different methodologies for expanding PrEP access in such settings.

Abstract

Admission of newborns in the intensive care unit is one of the most important health care challenges due to repeated painful invasive procedures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of recorded mother’s lullaby on the heart rate of preterm neonates following endotracheal suctioning. This was a cross-over clinical trial study that was conducted on 40 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly allocated to routine care / lullaby, and lullaby / routine care groups. At the time of the intervention, mother's lullaby was sung 5 minutes before suction and continued for 10 minutes after suction. Heart rate was measured as a basic information, one minute before endotracheal suctioning per 5 minutes until 30 minutes after suction. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Square, and Friedman tests, and SPSS version 23 software. The results showed that the mean changes of heart rate were lower in intubated preterm newborns who were under mechanical ventilation and received mother's lullaby during suctioning (P <0.05). Preterm infants respond to lullaby music as evidenced by the changes in their heart rate. Further studies are recommended to examine the effect of music on other physiologic parameters.

Abstract

The life expectancy is growing around the globe and it is seen that elderly require care in all kinds of setup they are residing in. Considering this it is necessary that strategies should be taken into consideration to work with the elderly and helping them out to live a healthy life. Elderly residing in communities should be encouraged for social interaction and practicing of activities that enhance their overall wellbeing. During the elective course of care of elderly, a community based project in a local nearby community was conducted. The selected vicinity had enough number of elderly people and a place of elderly interaction was also available there. The whole process from assessment, developing plan, and implementing activities was done under faculty supervision and after discussion with stakeholders. Strategies that were planned and implemented were divided into overall health domains including physical (health and body), social (role relationships), psychological (stress and coping), spiritual (enhancing spirituality and preventing distress) and sexual (sensitive issue). Elderly require basic care and assistance at community setup. These activities enhance their social interaction and affect their health in all domains. Continuous practice of these activities and monitoring helps the sustainability of this work.

Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges. It is rising among Indian women, where out of every 10 women one woman is affected, among them teenage girls are affected more than the others. It is curable, if found early, for early detection, the teenagers should have an awareness about Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among nursing students. The present study was adopted with a quantitative approach with pre-experimental; one group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 30 nursing students in Kanyakumari District, selected by using purposive sampling technique. The researcher used two data collection instruments. The result reveals that the pre-test mean score of knowledge level was 34.8±13.23 and post-test was 76.6±5.4. The mean reduction of pain was 2.613±15.99 and it was statistically highly significant at P<0.00001 level. This study supports the need of education for adolescent girls in improving their knowledge level towards Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD).

Abstract

The aim of this review is to gain a better understanding of the health care disparity among dual eligible beneficiaries. This paper aims to gain insight into the healthcare disparity between low-quality skilled nursing facilities and high-quality skilled nursing facilities. The long-term care placement process, the star ratings from the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare and the relationship between socioeconomic status and quality of care are vital points that will be addressed. Computerized search was done using the databases CINAHL and ProQuest with the search terms 'dual eligible beneficiaries', AND 'skilled nursing facility'. There was an inclusion criteria of English language, full text version available, published within the past 5 years, and content relevant to low socioeconomic status and quality care in skilled nursing facilities. There were 16 studies included in the literature review. Dual-eligible beneficiaries are more likely to be placed in low quality skilled nursing facilities resulting in poor health outcomes.

Abstract

Depression is extremely prevalent and a serious health concern throughout the world. Students are suffering from mental health issues due to multiple factors and the most highlighting factor is the field of study. Medical students suffer a lot due to the the tough studies that induce stress, anxiety, and depression in them. The aim of this paper is to identify a case scenario and to incorporate model of causes and consequences of student distress in order to draw preventive measures to reduce burden of mental illness.