i-manager's Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies (JMT)


Volume 4 Issue 1 January - June 2017

Article

Zigbee - A Conceptual Study

Rajat Khurana* , Gurpreet Singh**
* PG Scholar, I.K. Gujral PTU Main Campus, Kapurthala, India.
** Assistant Professor, Guru Nanak Dev University Regional Campus, Fattu Dhinga, India.
Khurana, R., and Singh, G. (2017). Zigbee - A Conceptual Study. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13702

Abstract

For past few years, there is a rapid advancement in the wireless network area. These are compact sensors with narrow power and finite resources. However, there are numerous variants of wireless technologies, such as Wireless HART, IEEE 802.15.4, Wibree, IETF 6LoWPAN, ISA100.11, IEEE 802.15.3, Wimax, and ZigBee. Among these wireless standards, a latest standard called ZigBee is invented in the past few years. ZigBee is a wireless standard used for Control and sensor networks. It is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Zigbee is designed for low-power consumption compensating batteries to last longer. The low cost technology allows it to be deployed in wireless control and monitoring application, where longer life with smaller batteries equipment is needed. Zigbee has mesh networking which provides high reliability and larger range. ZigBee is designed to meet the growing demand of wireless networking. This paper provides a review on ZigBee technology and includes ZigBee Alliance, characteristics of ZigBee, ZigBee Protocol stack, access method, topologies, applications, and advantages of ZigBee.

Research Paper

A Comparative Study on Mobile Device by Age

Gisli Thorsteinsson* , Tom Page**
* Professor, Department of Design and Craft Education, Iceland University of Education, Iceland.
** Senior Lecturer, Loughborough Design School, United Kingdom.
Thorsteinsson, G., and Page, T. (2017). A Comparative Study on Mobile Device by Age. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 6-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13703

Abstract

The research study question concerns whether or not mobile phones satisfy for the needs of every generation. To collect adequate data, the investigators joined an extensive review of relevant literature with primary research. This involved a user questionnaire, distributed to 60 participants spilt equally amongst young and old consumers, as well as an interview conducted with two further mobile phone users. Together this information led to a clear and unbiased discussion of participant insights and opinions and conclusions were drawn. The results of the questionnaire showed similarities and differences between the young and old consumer groups in terms of their views on mobile phone style, functionality and the features provided. The main points raised were that both groups require efficient functionality with regards to basic mobile phone activities, such as making phone calls and sending text messages, but that the difference lies in how much the two sets of consumers viewed social media access as an important feature. Whilst older users showed little concern for socially orientated applications, the young consumer group showed a dependence upon it to aid their daily lifestyle. The study concluded that whilst basic functionality is a standard requirement for any user, the exponential growth of technology and increasing demand for social communication has caused a divide between young and old consumers. A market now dominated by the young generation, older users' needs and requirements are shown to be overshadowed in current mobile phone design.

Research Paper

An Improvement of Data Replication in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Databases

Shashank Srivastava* , Ashish Kumar Singh**, Udai Shanker***
* Faculty, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India.
** Faculty, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Srivastava, S., Singh, A.K., and Shanker, U. (2017). An Improvement of Data Replication in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Databases. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13704

Abstract

Scalability is an important criterion which is not taken into consideration in the design of most Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) protocols. However, requirements of a scalable protocol are different from the ones for small or meso-scale networks. Therefore, MANET protocols exhibit poor performance when the network size is scaled up. Novel approaches that consider the requirements and performance bottlenecks of large-scale networks are needed to achieve better performance. Data replication, as one of the popular services in MANETs, is used to increase data availability by creating local or nearly located copies of frequently used items, reduce communication overhead, achieve fault-tolerance, and load balancing. Prior replication protocols proposed in the literature for MANETs are prone to the scalability problems due to their definitions and/or underlying routing protocols they are based on. In this work, the authors have proposed a data replication framework called extended DREAM. This data replication model considers all replication issues related to Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and provide better solutions to these issues compared to other data replication models available for MANETs.

Research Paper

An Intermediate Study of Meta Communication for Wide Cellular Networks

P. Pawnkumar* , R. Thirumalaiselvi**
* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Nandanam, Chennai, India.
** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Nandanam, Chennai, India.
Pawnkumar, P., and Selvi, R.T. (2017). An Intermediate Study of Meta Communication for Wide Cellular Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 30-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13705

Abstract

Mobile communication system has been providing the way to which people communicate, sharing messages and data to each other. These facilities are provided to the user within a very short time period with the latest technologies. The technologies of mobile communication is started from first generation (1G) and reached to the fifth generation (5G). First generation started with providing basic services like mobile voice, second generation supports mobile voice as well as low bit rate data services, third generation started with possible high volume movement of data, which will further be expanded to high speed technologies and high mobility, fourth generation (LTE) is the IP-based mobile system that provides access through a collection of radio interfaces and then 5G mobile communication system with high bandwidth with wide coverage area. The next evolutions 6G and 7G are just concepts for now and research works are being carried out, but they are the future of mobile communication networks. The aim of this work is to empower the community with world class broadband capabilities, establishing a future-proof groundwork for new ideas and opportunities to build on. This survey compares the challenges and issues that are involved in each generation and explains how the improvements have been made successfully in mobile communication from earlier generation to modern generation.

Research Paper

A Dual Band Coplanar Waveguide Fed U-Slot Antenna for Wireless and Mobile Application

Sugandha Tejeswee* , Sudhanshu Verma**
*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.
Tejeswee, S., and Verma, S. (2017). A Dual Band Coplanar Waveguide Fed U-Slot Antenna for Wireless and Mobile Application. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13706

Abstract

The paper presents a dual band U shaped slot antenna using an asymmetric coplanar waveguide feeding technique (CPW) from right side of slot. The impedance bandwidth of proposed antenna varies from (1.7 GHz - 2.8 GHz) and (3.5 GHz - 5.7 GHz), which is 49% in lower band and 48% in upper band that covers applications in WLAN (2.4 GHz, 5.15 GHz), Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), and other mobile applications. VSWR<=2 is obtained over both frequency ranges. An additional upper band is obtained using U-slot whereas only lower band (1.7 GHz - 2.6 GHz) was obtained using square slot. All the results are simulated and analyzed successfully.

Research Paper

Nested Circular and Triangular Fractal Multiband Antenna for Wireless and Mobile Applications

Megha Dixit* , G.S. Tripathi**
*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, UP, India.
Dixit, M., and Tripathi, G. S. (2017). Nested Circular and Triangular Fractal Multiband Antenna for Wireless and Mobile Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 43-46. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13707

Abstract

A simple design of multiband planar antenna has been proposed in this paper by using fractal patch and defected ground technique. This proposed multiband antenna covers four bands (1.4 - 2.7 GHz), (3.3 - 3.8 GHz), (4.7 - 5.6 GHz), and (6.1 - 6.9 GHz). Multiband is achieved by fractal technique on circular and nested triangular patch on substrate with dielectric constant 4.4. The proposed antenna is transformed in to three iterations, which covers commercial mobile and wireless applications for Bluetooth, UMT2100, GSM1800, LTE, WLAN, WiMAX, CDMA, navigation, and RIFD wireless applications.