i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies (JMT)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 1

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 1 February - April 2016

Research Paper

Touchscreen and Perceived Usability: A Comparison of Attitudes between Older and Younger Mobile Device Users

Tom Page*

Senior Lecturer, Electronic Product Design, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, UK.

Page, T. (2016). Touchscreen and Perceived Usability: A Comparison of Attitudes between Older and Younger Mobile Device Users. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8179

Abstract

With increasing popularity of touchscreen phones, there is a corresponding increasing emphasis on ergonomics considerations with a focus on use and interaction style between older and younger users. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the use of touchscreen phone interfaces to discover if they are designed to be inclusive and consider ergonomics. The research methods comprised interviews and focus groups in order to gain qualitative data on the use and satisfaction of touchscreen phones in relationship to age. Results have demonstrated a variety of opinions among the age groups, with users in the 18-25 age-range promoting a positive attitude towards brands, but blaming technology for errors, in contrast to users in the 60-70 age range who blamed themselves for errors and were more focused on function than brand. The study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of the attitudes surrounding inclusive design in relation to touchscreen phones.

References

[1]. Balagtas-Fernandez, F., Forrai, J. and Hussmann, H, (2009). “Evaluation of User Interface Design and Input Methods for Applications on Mobile Touch Screen Devices”. Human-Computer Interaction–Interact, Vol. 5726, No. 1, pp. 243-246.

[2]. Balakrishnan, V. and Yeow, P.H, (2008). “A Study of the Effect of Thumb Sizes on Mobile Phone Texting Satisfaction”. Journal of Usability Studies, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 118-128.

[3]. Burrows, A., Mitchell, V. and Nicolle, C. (2011). “All Together Now: Factors that Foster Older Adults' Feelings of th Independence”. The 6 Unidcom/IADE International th th Conference: Sense & Sensibility in the Right Place. 6 -8 October 2011, Lisbon.

[4]. Clarkson, J. (2003). Inclusive Design: Design for the nd Whole Population. 2 Ed. London: Springer.

[5]. Fingas, A. (2013). The Ever-Expanding Smartphone Screen: How Supersized Became Everyday. Retrieved from Http://Www.Engadget.Com/2013/03/01/The-Ever- Expanding-Smartphone-Screen/ [Last Accessed 7th July 2016].

[6]. Garfein, A. J. and Herzog, A. R. (1995). “Robust aging among the young-old, old-old, and oldest-old”. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, Vol. 50, No. B, pp. 577- 587.

[7]. Hoober, S. (2013). How do Users Really Hold Mobile Devices? Retrieved from Http://www.Uxmatters. Com/Mt/Archives/2013/02/How-Do-Users-Really-Hold- Mobile-Devices. Php [Last Accessed 24th July 2016].

[8]. Hornor, T. (2014). “Why the Flat Design Trend is Hurting Usability ”. Retrieved from Http://www.Vandelay design.Com/Why-The-Flat-Design-Trend-Is-Hurting- Usability/ [Last Accessed 18th July 2016].

[9]. Jin, Z.X., Plocher, T. and Kiff, L. (2007). “Touch Screen User Interfaces for Older Adults: Button Size and Spacing. Universal Access in Human Computer Interaction”. Coping With Diversity, Vol. 4554, No. 1, pp. 933-941.

[10]. Langdon, P. M., Lazar, J., Heylighen, A. and Dong, H. (2014). Inclusive Designing: Joining Usability, Accessibility, & Inclusion. Switzerland: Springer.

[11]. Lee, M.W., Yun, M.H., Jung, E.S., and Freivalds, A, (1997). “High Touch: Ergonomics in a Conceptual Design Process–Case Studies of a Remote Controller and Personal Telephones”. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 239-248.

[12]. Lin, Y.C. (2013). “The Relationship Between Touchscreen Sizes of Smartphones and Hand Dimensions”. Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and Services for Quality of Life, Vol. 801, No. 3, pp. 643-650.

[13]. Newell, A.F. (2003). Inclusive Design or Assistive Technology Inclusive Design. Springer, London.

[14]. Newell, A.F. and Gregor, P. (2000). “User Sensitive Inclusive Design–In Search of A New Paradigm”. Proceedings of the 2000 Conference on Universal Usability, ACM.

[15]. Newell, A.F. and Gregor, P. (2011). “User-Sensitive Inclusive Design”. Universal Access in The Information Society, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 235-243.

[16]. Nicolle, C. and A Bascal, J. (2001). “Inclusive Design Guidelines For HCI”. Proceedings of Include, pp. 18-20, London.

[17]. Pattison, M. and Stedmon, A.W. (2006). “Inclusive Design and Human Factors: Designing Mobile Phones for Older Users”. Psychology Journal, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 267- 284.

[18]. Pickering, J. A. (1986). “Touch-Sensitive Screens: The Technologies and their Application”. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 249-269.

[19]. Scott, B. and Conzola, V. (1997). “Designing Touch Screen Numeric Keypads: Effects of Finger Size, Key Size and Key Spacing”. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 360-364.

[20]. Sears, A. (1991). “Improving Touchscreen Keyboards: Design Issues and a Comparison with Other Devices”. Interacting with Computers, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 253-269.

[21]. Serianni, D. (2014). What is Flat Design? Retrieved from Http://Hindsiteinc.Com/Blog/What-Is-Flat-Design/. [Last Accessed 18th July 2016].

[22]. Spencer, B. (2014). Are Smartphones Changing the Shape of our Brains? Retrieved from Http://www. Dailymail.Co.Uk/Sciencetech/Article-2885213/Are- Smartphones-Changing-Shape-Brains-Area-Controls- Thumbs-Larger-People-Use-Touchscreens-Daily.Html [Last Accessed 24th July 2016].

[23]. Wroblewski, L. (2014). Designing for Large Screen Smartphones Retrieved from Http://Www.Lukew.Com/Ff/ Entry.Asp?1927 [Last Accessed 24th July 2016].

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Research Paper

Development of Android Applications for Design and Quality Control of Flexible Pavements

Basavaraj Akki* , G. Kavitha**

* Postgraduate, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India.

** Assistant Professor, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India.

Akki, B., and Kavitha, G. (2016). Development of Android Applications for Design and Quality Control of Flexible Pavements. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8180

Abstract

In highway construction, design aspects and quality aspects are of utmost importance since they affect the whole highway project in terms of cost, time and satisfaction of client and durability of constructed highway. In the present study, an attempt is made to develop an Android Application for design and quality control of highway construction. Before developing the application, a questionnaire was conducted to freeze the important quality control checks at site that have to be included in the application. The data collected from this questionnaire was then analyzed. This questionnaire analysis report acts like a backbone for developing the application. The android application was developed using Eclipse software. During testing, the apps on physical devices (smartphones), manual calculations and report making were simultaneously carried out to compare, time between manual way and application. From the th studies, it was found that the applications developed reduces the manual calculations and 1/10 of time on an average and helps a highway engineer on the site.

References

[1]. Ministry Of Road Transport & Highways (MORT&H) (2013). Specifications for Road and Bridges (Fifth Revision).

[2]. NHAI, (2006). Quality Assurance Manual. National Highways Authority of India – 2006.

[3]. IRC, (2012). Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements, (Third Revision) IRC: 37 – 2012, Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi.

[4]. Kevin Gleason, (2011). How to Create an Android Application using Eclipse on Windows 7.

[5]. Android Tutorial – tutorialspoint.com

[6]. https://www.google.co.in/search?q=how+to+ develop+android+application

[7]. https://developer.android.com/training/basics/first app/creating-project.html

[8]. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/792155/how-tostart- developing-applications-for-android/

[9]. http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ fundamentals.html

[10]. http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase /downloads/index.html

[11]. http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/ eclipse-ide-java-eedevelopers/

[12]. http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html

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Research Paper

Optimization of Load Balancing using Macro Layer Approach for MANETs

S. Karyavardhi* , S. Bavaji**

* PG Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.

Karyavardhi, S., and Bavaji, S. (2016). Optimization of Load Balancing using Macro Layer Approach for MANETs. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8181

Abstract

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are continuously self-configuring infrastructure-less networks of mobile devices connected without wires. In various locations Carrier Sense Multiple Access allows the radio resources that are similar in nature that leads to the bandwidth effectiveness, which results at the cost of the crashes possible due to the hidden terminal problems in the multi-hop wireless networks. The progress of the applications of MANETs are increasing, which increases the efficiency of bandwidth importance. For extremely loaded MANETs, load balance distribution protocols are used which leads to uniformity. These protocols which are non-uniform are not suitable for load distributions and as on-demand dynamic channel allocation is high, CDCA-TRACE is used for cooperative load balancing. A research work has been here to overcome the packet delay problem, while packet transmission from one node to another node based on the energy in the cluster. The sender node sends the packets to the receiver node which has high energy using the Data-Cluster Head Algorithm (D-CH) to reduce the packet delay variation, energy consumption and throughput increase.

References

[1]. S. Bavaji and S. Karyavardhi, (2016). “A Survey on Optimization of Cooperative Load Balancing and Dynamic Channel Allocation for Cluster Based MANETs”. International Journal of Computational Science, Mathematics and Engineering (IJCSME), Vol. 3, No. 1.

[2]. B. Tavli, and W. B. Heinzelman, (2004). “MH-TRACE: Multi-Hop Time Reservation using Adaptive Control for Energy Efficiency”. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Communication., Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 942–953.

[3]. A. Raniwala and T. Cker Chiueh, (2005). “Architecture and algorithms for an IEEE 802.11-based multi-channel wireless mesh network”. In Proc. IEEE 24 Annul. Joint Conf. IEEE Compute. Communication. Soc., Vol. 3, pp. 2223–2234.

[4]. Bora Karaoglu and Wendi Heinzelman, (2015). “Cooperative Load Balancing and Dynamic Channel Allocation for Cluster-Based Mobile Adhoc Networks”. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, pp. 951-963.

[5]. S. Toumpis, and A. Goldsmith, (2006). “New media access protocols for wireless ad-hoc networks based on cross-layer principles”. IEEE Trans. Wireless Communication., Vol. 5, No. 8, pp. 2228–2241.

[6]. M. Felegyhazi, M. Cagalj, S. Bidokhti, and J. P. Hubaux, (2007). “Non cooperative multi-radio channel allocation in wireless networks”. In Proc. IEEE 26 Conf. Comput. Commun., pp. 1442–1450.

[7]. L. Gao, and X. Wang, (2008). “A game approach for multi-channel allocation in multi-hop wireless networks”. In Proc. 9 ACM Int. Symp. Mobile Ad Hoc Netw. Comput., pp. 303–312.

[8]. B. Karaoglu, T. Numanoglu, and W. Heinzelman, (2009). “Adaptation of TDMA parameters based on network conditions”. In Proc. IEEE Wireless Commun. Netw., pp. 1–9.

[9]. B. Karaoglu, and W. Heinzelman, (2010). “Multicasting vs broadcasting: What are the trade-offs?”. In Proc. IEEE Global Telecommun. Conf., pp. 1–5.

[10]. B. Karaoglu, T. Numanoglu, and W. Heinzelman (2011). “Analytical performance of soft clustering protocols”. Ad-Hoc Netw., Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 635–651.

[11]. B. Karaoglu and W. Heinzelman, (2012). “A dynamic channel allocation scheme using spectrum sensing for mobile ad-hoc networks”. In Proc. IEEE Global Telecommun. Conf.

[12]. Cidon and M. Sidi, (1988). “Distributed assignment algorithms for multi-hop packet-radio networks”. In Proc. 7 Annu. Joint Conf. IEEE Comput. Commun. Soc., pp. 1110-1118.

[13]. R. Ramaswami and K. Parhi, (1989). “Distributed scheduling of broadcasts in a radio network”. In Proc. 8 Annu. Joint Conf. IEEE Comput. Commun. Soc. Technol.: Emerging Converging, Vol. 2, pp. 497–504.

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Research Paper

RAY: An App for Determining Decision-Making Power of a Person

Dipti Pawade* , Yogesh R. Pawade, Abhishek Velankar, Ritesh Kumar Patel, Yash Mantri

* Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, K.J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar, Mumbai, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SUNY Binghamton University, New York, USA.

Associate Software Engineer, Accenture, Mumbai, India.

* Junior Software Developer, Purplle, Mumbai, India.

Pawade, D., Pawade, Y.R., Velankar,A., Patel, R.K., and Mantri, Y. (2016). RAY: An App for Determining Decision-Making Power of a Person. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8182

Abstract

Currently, different web tools are available for determining the decision-making power of an individual. The tools determine the decision-making capacity based on certain questionnaire. The authors have developed a multi-level android application called 'RAY' which helps to determine the decision-making power of the user. The software uses the user's textual response as an input. At the initial stage, the user goes through several questions based on the decision making and responses are recorded accordingly. In the next stage, the user is challenged with a multi-level game. Then, for a particular scenario, the user is asked to rate himself on 1 to 10 scale. The App records the user input at each stage. Based on the responses, it determines the decision-making capacity of the user whether it is strong, moderate or weak.

References

[1]. http://www.mindtools.com

[2]. http://www.virtualsalt.com

[3]. http://www.choicecompass.com

[4]. wa.westfordk12.us

[5]. http://www.jacksanfernandes.com

[6]. http://www.inspir3.com

[7]. http://cl1.psychtests.com/bin/transfer?req=NDF8MzE yNnwyNjA4NjI4fDB8MQ==&ref

[8]. https://letstalkcounseling.com

[9]. https://shareok.org/bitstream/handle/11244/766/313 8528.PDF?isAllowed=y&sequence=1

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Review Paper

A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks

S. Rajasekar* , A. Subramani**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India.

** Research Supervisor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India.

Rajasekar, S., and Subramani, A. (2016). A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8183

Abstract

Wireless Networking is an emerging technology that allows users to access information and services anywhere, regardless of their geographic areas over the past few years with the trend of mobile computing. Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) has become one of the most important wireless communication mechanisms among all, unlike traditional network. MANET represents complex distributed systems that comprise wireless mobile nodes that can freely and dynamically self-organize temporarily. MANET is an autonomously self-organized networks without infrastructure support. In MANET, nodes can move arbitrarily. Therefore the network may experience rapid and unpredictable topology changes, because nodes in a MANET normally have limited transmission ranges, some nodes cannot communicate directly with each other. Routing in MANET potentially contains multiple hops, and every node in mobile ad hoc networks has the responsibility to act as a router. In MANET, network topology can dynamically be changed in an unpredictable manner since the nodes are free to move. Every single node in the MANET works as both receiver and transmitter. Each node directly communicates with others, when they are both within their communication ranges. All nodes work as routers and take path in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. In this paper, a review on the routing protocols for mobile adhoc networks, challenges, issues, and applications were presented. The objective of this study is the comparative analysis of various routing protocols for MANET in different manner.

References

[1]. Zygmunt J. Haas, and Marc R. Pearlman, (2001). “The performance of query control schemes for the zone routing protocol”. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 1-6.

[2]. Prabu, K. and Subramani, A. (2012). “Performance comparison of routing protocol in MANET”. Int. J. of Adv. Research in Com. Sci. and Soft Engg. (IJARCSSE), Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 388–392.

[3]. Erik, W., et al., (2007). “Improving routing performance in wireless adhoc networks using cross-layer interactions”. Adhoc Networks., Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 579-599.

[4]. Athanasios, B., et al., (2006). “A mobility sensitive approach for efficient routing in ad hoc mobile networks”. Proc. of the 9 ACM-MAN & SWMS, Terromolinos, Spain.

[5]. Xiaojiang, D. et al, (2006). “Adaptive cell relay routing protocol for mobile adhoc networks”. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 278-285.

[6]. Laurent, V., et al., (2004). “Analyzing control traffic overhead versus mobility and data traffic activity in mobile Ad-Hoc network protocols”. Wirel. Netw., Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 447-455.

[7]. Abolhasan, M., et al, (2004). “A Routing Strategy for Heterogeneous Mobile Adhoc Networks”. Proc. of the IEEE 6 Circuits and Systems Symposium on ETFM & WC.

[8]. Villasenor-Gonzalez, L., et al, (2005). “HOLSR: A hierarchical proactive routing mechanism for mobile ad hoc networks”. IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 43, No. 7, pp. 118-125.

[9]. Abolhasan, M., et al, (2004). “A review of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks”. Adhoc Networks, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1-22.

[10]. Ashwini, K.P. and F. Hiroshi, (2005). “Study of MANET routing protocols by GloMoSim simulator”. Int. J. Netw. Manag., Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 393-410.

[11]. Quintero A, Pierre S, Macabeo B, (2004). “A routing protocol based on node density for adhoc networks”. Adhoc Networks, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 335–349.

[12]. Khatri P, et al., (2010). “Performance study of ad-hoc reactive routing protocols”. Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, No. 10, pp. 1130-1134.

[13]. Singh A, Mishra S, (2010). “Performance Analysis of Reactive Routing Protocols in mobile Ad-hoc Networks”. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, Vol. 10, No. 8, pp. 141-145.

[14]. Trung H.D, et al., (2007). “Performance evaluation and comparison of different adhoc protocols”. Computer Communication, Vol. 30, pp. 2478-2496.

[15]. I. Chlamtac, M. Conti, and J.-N. Liu, (2003). “Mobile Adhoc Networking: Imperatives and Challenges”. Adhoc Networks, Vol. 1, pp. 13–64.

i-manager's Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies (JMT)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 1

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 1 February - April 2016

Touchscreen and Perceived Usability: A Comparison of Attitudes between Older and Younger Mobile Device Users

Tom Page*

Senior Lecturer, Electronic Product Design, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, UK.

Page, T. (2016). Touchscreen and Perceived Usability: A Comparison of Attitudes between Older and Younger Mobile Device Users. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8179

Abstract

References

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Development of Android Applications for Design and Quality Control of Flexible Pavements

Basavaraj Akki* , G. Kavitha**

* Postgraduate, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India. ** Assistant Professor, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India.

Akki, B., and Kavitha, G. (2016). Development of Android Applications for Design and Quality Control of Flexible Pavements. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8180

Abstract

References

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Optimization of Load Balancing using Macro Layer Approach for MANETs

S. Karyavardhi* , S. Bavaji**

* PG Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.

Karyavardhi, S., and Bavaji, S. (2016). Optimization of Load Balancing using Macro Layer Approach for MANETs. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8181

Abstract

References

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RAY: An App for Determining Decision-Making Power of a Person

Dipti Pawade* , Yogesh R. Pawade**, Abhishek Velankar***, Ritesh Kumar Patel****, Yash Mantri*****

Pawade, D., Pawade, Y.R., Velankar,A., Patel, R.K., and Mantri, Y. (2016). RAY: An App for Determining Decision-Making Power of a Person. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8182

Abstract

References

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A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks

S. Rajasekar* , A. Subramani**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India. ** Research Supervisor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India.

Rajasekar, S., and Subramani, A. (2016). A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(1), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.1.8183

Abstract

References

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* Postgraduate, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India.

** Assistant Professor, RASTA Center for Road Technology, Bengaluru, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.

Dipti Pawade* , Yogesh R. Pawade, Abhishek Velankar, Ritesh Kumar Patel, Yash Mantri

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India.

** Research Supervisor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India.