i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)


Volume 11 Issue 1 August - October 2015

Research Paper

Central Composite Design for Optimization of Chromium (VI) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Low Cost Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , D.V. Padma**
*-** Department of Chemical Engineering M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Krishna, D., and Padma, D.V. (2015). Central Composite Design for Optimization of Chromium (VI) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Low Cost Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.11.1.3654

Abstract

Aim of the experiment is to find out the optimization of adsorption parameters such as initial chromium (VI) concentration (5-30 mg/l), pH (1-4), and adsorbent dosage (1-3 g/l) using Central Composite Design in response with surface methodology. A total of 19 experiments were conducted for the present investigation towards construction of empirical model. The optimum conditions for maximum removal of chromium from an aqueous solution of 20 mg/l were as follows: adsorbent dose (2.26806 g/l), pH (1.76296) and initial chromium concentration (24.99465 mg/l). The maximum percentage removal of chromium at an optimum adsorption parameter is 70.53756%. This method is used to find out the mathematical model for the percentage removal of chromium metal ion from waste water efficiently.

Research Paper

Exergy, Exergy Destruction Rate and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Thermal Power Plants by a Computer Software at Various Operating Conditions

Ankur Geete*
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sushila Devi Bansal College of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Geete, A. (2015). Exergy, Exergy Destruction Rate and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Thermal Power Plants by Computer Software at Various Operating Conditions. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 8-22. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.11.1.3655

Abstract

This research work is based on coal fired thermal power plant. Component wise exergy, exergy destruction rates and exergy efficiencies are evaluated for the power plant. The component/device which has higher exergy, higher exergy destruction rate or which has lower exergy efficiency is identified. This work can be analyzed by manual calculations, but this method is hectic and also has chance of human error. So a computer software is designed for component wise analysis at various operating conditions. This software is also used to analyze exergy, exergy destruction rate and exergy efficiency for other coal fired thermal power plants. This work can be concluded as, maximum exergy destruction occurs in boiler for both plants, and maximum second law efficiency is achieved in steam turbine. Therefore, when amount of fuel used in the boiler increases, the exergy destruction rate increases and second law efficiency decreases. Effects of different ambient temperatures on the performance of the plants are observed, and for condenser, if mass flow rate of circulating water increases then the exergy destruction rate decreases and second law efficiency increases.

Research Paper

Design and Fabrication of Solar Cylindrical Trough Collector with Parabolic Shape

Ramanjaneyulu* , M. Peeraiah**, M. Tirupathaiah***, M. Chandra Sekhara Reddy****
*Adhoc Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Y. V. University, Proddatur, India..
**Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.V. College of Engineering, Tirupati, India.
***Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology, Rajampeta, India.
**** HOD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.V. College of Engineering, Tirupati, India.
Ramanjaneyulu, Peeraiah, M., Tirupathaiah , M., and Reddy, M. C. S. (2015). Design and Fabrication of Solar Cylindrical Trough Collector with Parabolic Shape. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.11.1.3656

Abstract

Solar Energy is the major source of energy, and utilization of it requires solar collectors. A device generally called solar concentrator is used. Concentration of solar energy can be done by using either reflecting or refracting elements, which are so positioned that, solar flux is directed on the absorber. With the help of a flat plate collector, it is possible to get  temperature around 100oC to heat liquids or gasses. There are several processes operating at much above 100oC, where high energy is required. This can be achieved by using concentrating collectors. Solar parabolic trough collector is currently used for the generation of electricity and applications with relatively higher temperatures. Parabolic trough collectors are typically operated at temperatures above 250 oC. An attempt is made in this project to develop a parabolic trough collector for water heating more effectively as compared to the flat plate collector. Thermal analysis procedure of a solar parabolic trough collector design starts with the selection of certain parameters such as aperture area and diameter of receiver to obtain the geometric concentration. In this investigation, experimentation is based on varying concentration. An experimental parabolic trough collector with aperture 1.2 m, focal height 0.3 m and trough length 3 m is constructed. A G.I pipe having inner diameter of 25.4 mm and outer diameter of 28 mm placed at the focal axis is used as receiver.

Research Paper

Mango Fruit Inspection Technique through Machine Vision System

Abarna J* , Arockia Selvakumar A.**
* Post Graduate, VIT University, Chennai, India.
** Associate Professor, VIT University, Chennai, India.
Abarna, J., and Selvakumar, A. A. (2015). Mango Fruit Inspection Technique through Machine Vision System. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.11.1.3657

Abstract

In recent days, machine vision based system has become important for many areas even in Agricultural fields and Food industry. In this paper, an automatic machine vision based system for sorting of the mango fruit based on their colour and size has been developed. The proposed machine vision system is aimed to replace the manual based technique for sorting of fruit, as the manual inspection tend to make problems in maintaining consistency and uniformity in sorting. To maintain the consistency, uniformity, accuracy as well as to speed up the process, a machine vision based system is used in mango sorting. Mango fruits size and colour are analyzed using Caliper and Match colour functions. Based on the simulation results, this mango sorting technique is found to be faster, effective and intelligent.

Case Study

Statistical Analysis of Stream Flow Data for Construction of Flow Duration Curve Using Empirical Method - A Case Study

Vivekanandan N.*
Assistant Research Officer, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Vivekanandan, N. (2015). Statistical Analysis of Stream Flow Data for Construction of Flow Duration Curve Using Empirical Method - A Case Study. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 11(1), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.11.1.3658

Abstract

Flow Duration Curve (FDC) is an important tool for various water related applications like hydro power generation, planning and design of irrigation systems, management of stream-pollution, river and reservoir sedimentation. Whenever adequate length of recorded data is not available, the FDC can be constructed to analyze the available stream flow data at the site. FDC provides the percentage of time (duration), a (monthly or seasonal) stream flow is exceeded over a recorded period for a particular river or stream. In this paper, statistical analysis is carried out to determine the series characteristics of stream flow data recorded at Farakka feeder canal. The stream flow data series for the months of March, April and May is independently used to construct FDCs for the respective months using empirical method. The study suggests that the dependable flow at different percentage levels viz., 75%, 90% and 100% obtained from FDCs can be used for planning of irrigation, hydro-power and drinking water projects in Farakka feeder canal.