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i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems (JCS)

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Volume 5 Issue 3 May - July 2016

Research Paper

Fork Shaped MIMO Planar Antenna for UWB Application

Amit Kumar Singh* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Singh, A. K., and Mishra, R. (2016). Fork Shaped MIMO Planar Antenna for UWB Application. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8061

Abstract

In this paper, a fork shaped MIMO antenna has been proposed with an overall size of 26×40×0.8 mm , that is essentially used for the Ultra-WideBand (UWB) applications. It is fabricated on the FR_4 Epoxy substrate. The material has a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02 and the most important fact is that, it is very cheap and easily available. The proposed antenna consists of two fork shaped patch on the top surface of the substrate with a microstrip feed of 50Ω is positioned perpendicular to each other to attain good isolation. To increase the impedance bandwidth and to improve the isolation, two long ground stubs are placed on the bottom surface of the substrate. A small strip is used to connect the two ground planes together to form the common ground at the bottom surface. The performance of the fork shaped MIMO antenna can be measured in terms of the reflection coefficient at the two input ports, coupling between the input ports, peak gain and radiation pattern. The results show that the fork shaped MIMO antenna has an impedance bandwidth greater than 3.1 to 11.1 GHz with a low mutual coupling less than -15 dB throughout the band. It has a VSWR of less than 2, throughout the band and it has a good gain and an omnidirectional radiation pattern.

References

[1]. Federal Communications Commission (FCC), (2002). Revision of part 15 of the Commissions Rules Regarding Ultra- Wideband Transmission Systems First Report and Order, ET Docket 98-153 FCC 02-48, Adopted FEB. 2002; Released, Apr, 2002.

[2]. Li Liu, S. W. Cheung, and T. I. Yuk, (2013). “Compact MIMO Antenna for Portable Devices in UWB Applications”. IEEE Transactions of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No.8, pp. 4257-4264.

[3]. Manuel Prassana K, and S. K. Behera, (2013). “Compact Two-Port UWB MIMO Antenna System With High Isolation Using a Fork-Shaped structure”. IEEE International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), Melmaruvathur, India, pp. 726-729.

[4]. E.A Daviu, M. Gallo, B.B. Clemente, and M.F. Battaler, (2010). “Ultrawideband Slot Ring Antenna for Diversity Applicationa”. Electron Lett, Vol.46, No.7, pp. 478-480.

[5]. Jia-Yi Sze, and Chi-Chaan Chang, (2008). “Circularly Polarized Square Slot Antenna With a Pair of Inverted–L Grounded Strips”. IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 7, pp. 149-151.

[6]. Anil Kumar Gautam, Swati Yadav, and Binod Kr Kanaujia, (2013). “A CPW- Fed Compact UWB Microstrip Antenna”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, pp. 151-154.

[7]. W. Mazhar, M. A.Tarar, F. A. Tahir, Shan Ullah, and F. A. Bhatti, (2013). “Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultrawideband Applications”. Piers Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 1100-1104.

[8]. Y.F. K.L Lau ,Q. Xue, and C.H. Chan, (2004). “Experimental Studies of Printed Wide Slot Antenna for Wideband Applications”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 273-275.

[9]. Horng-Dean Chen, (2003). “Broadband CPW-Fed Square Slot Antennas With Widened Tuning Stub”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, No. 8, pp. 1982-1986.

[10]. Jyh Ying Chiou, and Kin-Lu Wong, (2003). “A Broad- Band CPW-Fed Strip-Loaded Square Slot Antenna”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 719-721.

[11]. Manuel Prasanna K and S. K. Behera, (2013). “A Hexagonal MIMO Antenna System With Defected Ground Structure to Enhance Bandwidth and Isolation”. IEEE International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), Melmaruvathur, India 3-5.

[12]. S. Hong, K. Chung, J Lee, S. Jung, S. S. Lee, and J Choi, (2008). “Design of a Diversity Antenna with Stubs for UWB Applications”. Microw. Opt. Techin. Lett., Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 1352-1356.

[13]. S. Zhang, Z. Ying, J. Xiong, and S. He, (2009). “Ultra- WideBand MIMO/Diversity Antennas with a Tree-like Structure to Enhance Wideband Application”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 8, pp.1279-1282.

[14]. Y. Cheng, W. J. Lu, and C. H. Cheng, (2010). “Printed Diversity Antenna for UWB Applications”. In Proc. Int. Conf. Ultra-wideband ('CUWB'2010), Nanjing, China, Vol. 1, pp. 1- 4.

[15]. H.K Yoon, Y.J. Yoon, H. Kim, and C.H. Lee, (2011). “Flexible Ultra-WideBand Polarization Diversity Antenna with Band-Notch Function”. IET Microw. Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 5, No.12, pp.1463-1470.

[16]. J.M. Lee, K.B. Kim, H.K. Ryu, and J.M. Woo, (2012). “A Compact Ultra-WideBand MIMO Antenna in WLAN Band Rejected Operation for Mobile Devices”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, pp. 990-993.

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Research Paper

Modification in Parameters and Improved Analysis of Intersatellite Optical Wireless Communication System

Pooja Sharma* , Sharad Mohan Shrivastava, Anuja Mishra, Prachi Agrawal, Rahul Parganiha

---* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, CG, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Shri Shankarachrya Technical Campus, Bhilai, CG, India.

Sharma, P., Shrivastava, S. M., Mishra, A., Agrawal, P., and Parganiha, R. (2016). Modification in Parameters and Improved Analysis of Intersatellite Optical Wireless Communication System. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8062

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyze a method to connect two or more satellites by using optical link. The first objective of this paper is to design an Intersatellite Optical Wireless Communication System (IsOWC) and this system designed was modeled and simulated for various performance characterizations. The other objective of this paper is to find the relationship between various performance parameters of Intersatellite Optical Wireless Communication System. Several parameters of the IsOWC system are varied to obtain enhanced system performance. The main parameters that was considered is distance between satellites, different wavelength, bit rates, etc. The IsOWC system was modeled and simulated by using Optisystem 14.0 by optiwave software.

References

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[13]. Winzer P.J, Pfennigbauer, M., Strasser, M. M, and Leeb, W.R, (2001). “Optimum filter bandwidth for optically pre amplified NRZ receivers”. J. Lightwave Technol, Vol. 19, No. 9, pp. 1263-1273.

[14]. Lima, I.T., Lima, A.O., Zweck, J., and Menyuk, C.R, (2003). “Performance characterization of chirped return-tozero modulation format using an accurate receiver model”. IEEE Photon Technol. Lett., Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 608-610.

[15]. Jingbo, X., Xiaohong, X., Pengyu, Y., Haijun, L., and Xin, G, (2014). “The design of anti-aliasing analog filter for data acquisition in the surface measurement”. Int. J. Signal Process. Image Process. Pattern Recog, Vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 169-176.

[16]. Rawi, N.I.M., Jamaludin, M.Z., and Abdullah, F., (2013). “Optisystem: An alternative to optoelectronics and fiber optics teaching e-laboratory”. International Journal of Asian Social Science, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 307-313.

[17]. Kaplan L, (2011). “Optimization of satellite laser communication subject to log-square-hoyt fading”. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 3007-3012.

[18]. Naji, A.W., and Khateeb, W.A, (2012). “Performance analysis of a free space optical link with multiple transmitters/receivers”. IEEE International Conference on Space Science and Communication, Penang, Malaysia.

[19]. Aida Hasfiza Hashim, Farah Diana Mahad, Sevia M. Idrus and Abu Sahmah, (2010). “Modeling and performance study of intersatellite optical wireless communication systems”. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 978-1-4244-7187-4110.

[20]. Tan L, (2010). “Front distortion and its effect on inter-satellite laser communication systems”. Harbin Institute of Technology, National Key Laboratory of Tuneable Laser Technology Harbin, China.

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Research Paper

A Compact UWB Microstrip Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN and Amateur Radio

Shashi Mohan Kumar* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

* Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Kumar, S. M.,and Mishra, R. (2016). A Compact UWB Microstrip Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN and Amateur Radio. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8063

Abstract

A compact Ultra-WideBand (UWB) microstrip antenna is proposed for wireless application in the Ultra-WideBand (UWB) frequency. This paper proposed a low-profile antenna which consists of a patch, a combination of two inverted C-shape structures. This consists of a rectangular ground with one rectangular and one trapezoidal slot cut. Defected ground technique in this antenna provides a good impedance matching. The bandwidth of this antenna is broad which includes an entire UWB frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. This antenna has three resonant bands 3.37 GHz, which is applicable for WiMAX (3.3 – 3.7 GHz), 5.3 GHz which is applicable for WLAN (5.15 – 5.825 GHz) and 10.06 GHz which is applicable for Amateur Radio (10 - 10.5 GHz). The surface size of antenna is 25 x 25 mm² with 1.6 mm height of substrate which provides broad bandwidth, constant group delay, good impedance matching and constant gain.

References

[1]. Federal Communication Commission, (2002). First Report and Order in the Matter of Revision of Part 15 of the Commission's Rules Regarding Ultra-Wide Transmission Systems First Report and Order FCC 02.V48. Tech. Rep., Washington DC, USA.

[2]. Anil Kr Gautam, (2013). “A (CPW) - Fed Compact Ultra- WideBand (UWB) Microstrip Antenna”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, pp. 151-154.

[3]. R. Azim, M. T. Islam, and N. Misran, (2011). “Compact Tapered Shape Slot Antenna for UWB Applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, pp. 1190-1193.

[4]. D. T. Nguyen, D. H. Lee, and H. C. Park, (2012). “Very Compact Printed Triple Band-Notched UWB Antenna with Quarter-Wavelength Slots”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, pp. 411-414.

[5]. M. Bod and M. M. S. Taheri, (2012). “Compact UWB Printed Slot Antenna with Extra Bluetooth, GSM, and GPS Bands”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, pp. 531-534.

[6]. S. R. Emadian, C. Ghobadi, J. Nourinia, M. Mirmozafari, and J. Pourahmadazar, (2012). “Bandwidth Enhancement of CPW-Fed Circle-like Slot Antenna with dual Band-Notched Characteristic”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, pp. 543-546.

[7]. K.L. Wong, (2002). Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antennas. New York: Wiley.

[8]. T. Dissanayake and K. P. Esselle, (2008). “UWB Performance of Compact L-shaped Wide Slot Antennas”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 1183-1187.

[9]. H. G. Schantz, (2004). “A Brief History of UWB Antennas”. IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 22-26.

[10]. Jyh-Ying Chiou, and Kin-Lu Wong, (2003). “A Broad- Band CPW–Fed Strip-Loaded Square Slot Antenna”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 719-721.

[11]. E.A Daviu, M. Gallo, B.B. Clemente, and M.F. Battaler, (2010). “Ultra-WideBand Slot Ring Antenna for Diversity Application”. Electron Lett, Vol. 46, No. 7, pp. 478-480.

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Research Paper

Implementation of SDC Using I²C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal

Nandini* , K. Nagi Reddy**

* PG Scholar, Department of Digital Electronics and Communication Systems, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India.

Nandini, G., and Reddy, K.N. (2016). Implementation of SDC Using I²C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8064

Abstract

I²C Multi Master with Multi Slave is designed from a bidirectional serial data bus containing bidirectional data lines like Serial Data Line (SDL) and Serial Clock Line (SCL) along with Wishbone Signal. I²C protocol has the ability to support multiple masters and provides an efficient method of data exchange between devices. This is a very useful protocol for faster devices to communicate each other with slower devices without data loss. With the use of this protocol, a serious problem arises resulting to overlapping of signals. To overcome such problems, a special signal called WishBone signal is used. The main objective of this paper is to observe the operation of the master controller and wishbone controller, which performs high speed data transfer in the presence of master or slave. This yields higher speed data transfer over the network. The complete module is modeled in Verilog HDL and synthesized in Xilinx 13.2i, also simulated in Model Sim 6.4a.

References

[1]. A. S. Tadkal and P. Patil, (2014). “Design of serial data 2 communication using dual master and slave I C bus controller”. International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer System, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 47-50.

[2]. Regu Archana and M.V. Rao, (2014). “Implementation 2 of I C Master bus protocol on FPGA”. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application, Vol. 4, No. 10, pp. 6-10.

[3]. Shen-Fu Hsiao, Chi-Guang Lin, Po-Han Wu and Chia- Sheng Wen, (2012). “Asynchronous AHB Bus Interface Designs in a Multiple-Clock-Domain Graphics System”. IEEE Asia Pacific Conference Circuits and Systems, pp. 408- 411.

[4]. Vincent Himpe, (2011). Mastering the I C bus. Elektor Verlag Publications.

[5]. Raj Kamal, (2008). Embedded System: Architecture Programming and Design. Tata McGraw Hill.

[6]. Xilinx, (2008). Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA Starter Kit Board User Guide, Version 1.1, 2008.

[7]. M. Kovac, (2008). “Asynchronous microcontroller simulation model in VHDL”. International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 1777-1780.

[8]. R.W. Apperson, et al., (2007). “A Scalable Dual-Clock FIFO for Data Transfers Between Arbitrary and Hal table Clock Domains”. IEEE Trans. VLSI Systems, Vol. 15, No. 10, pp. 1125-1133.

[9]. E. Hwang, (2004). Microprocessor Design Principles and Practices with VHDL. La Sierra University 2004 ISBN: 0- 534-46593-5

[10]. NXP Semiconductor, I C Bus Specification, Version 6.

[11]. OCP-IP Association, (2001). Open Core Protocol Specification

[12]. P. Venkateswaran, A. Saynal, S. Das, S.K Saynal and R. Nandi, (2006). “FPGA Based Efficient Interface Model for 2 th Scale-Free Computer Networking using I C Protocol”. 15 International Conference on Computing- CIC 2006, Proc. Research in Computer Science: Special Issue-Advances in Computer Science & Eng., ISSN 1870-406, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, Vol. 23, pp 191-198.

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Research Paper

BER Expression for Maximum Ratio Combining in Imperfect Channel Estimation Environment

Meher Krishna Patel* , Stevan M. Berber, Kevin W. Sowerby*

* Research Scholar, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Senior Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.

* Head of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Patel, M. K., Berber, S. M., and Sowerby, K.W. (2016). BER Expression for Maximum Ratio Combining in Imperfect Channel Estimation Environment. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8065

Abstract

This paper presents the performance of the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) technique for the downlink BPSK system. Generalized analytical Bit Error Rate (BER) is derived in closed form for imperfect channel estimators in complex flat fading environment. Analytical results show that BER depends on the cosine of estimated phase errors. Further, analytical and simulation results show that channel estimators are not required in real fading coefficients case, which is equivalent to perfect estimation case. In general, BER is defined in the range [0.5,1], but in this work complete range of BER i.e. [0,1] is related with estimated channel coefficients. However, the performance of two and more receiving antenna system slightly degrades as compared to the perfect channel estimator in real fading coefficients environment. Also, it has been shown that estimated amplitude coefficients have no effect on BER performance in a single antenna system, it’s only the estimated phase that matters; whereas for higher number of antennas, estimated amplitude as well as phase coefficients affect the BER performances.

References

[1]. B. Sklar, (1997). “Rayleigh Fading Channels in Mobile Digital Communication Systems Part II: Mitigation”. IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 35, No. 9, pp. 148-155.

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[3]. G. Ganesan and P. Stoica, (2001). “Space-Time Diversity using Orthogonal and Amicable Orthogonal Designs”. Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 165–178.

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[5]. R. Jose and K. V. S. Hari, (2014). “Bayesian approach for joint estimation of phase noise and channel in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system”. IET Signal Processing, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 10–20.

[6]. A. Vempaty, H. He, B. Chen, and P. K. Varshney, (2014). “On quantizer design for distributed Bayesian estimation in sensor networks”. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 62, No. 20, pp. 5359–5369.

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[9]. J. H. Kao, S. M. Berber, and V. Kecman, (2010). “Blind multiuser detector for chaos-based CDMA using support vector machine”. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Vol. 21, No. 8, pp. 1221–1231.

[10]. S. A. Banani and R. G. Vaughan, (2012). “Blind channel estimation and discrete speed tracking in wireless systems using independent component analysis with particle filtering”. IET Communications, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 224–234.

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[12]. S. Haykin, (2002). Adaptive Filter Theory, 4 ed. Prentice Hall.

[13]. J. G. Proakis, (1995). Digital Communications. McGraw- Hill, New York.

[14]. J. R. Barry, E. A. Lee, and D. G. Messerschmitt, (2004). Digital Communication. Springer Science and Business Media.

[15]. H. Nam, Y. C. Ko, and B. F. Womack, (2006). “Performance analysis of OTMRC over IID Nakagami and non-IID Rayleigh fading channels”. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 1941–1946.

[16]. B. S. Tan, K. H. Li, and K. C. Teh, (2011). “Performance analysis of LDPC codes with maximum-ratio combining cascaded with selection combining over Nakagami-m fading”. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 1886–1894.

[17]. M. K. Patel, S. M. Berber, and K. W. Sowerby, (2015). “Adaptive RAKE receiver in chaos based pilot-added DSCDMA system”. Physical Communication, Elsevier, Vol. 16, pp. 37-42.

[18]. M. K. Patel, S. M. Berber, and K. W. Sowerby, (2015). “Performance analysis of adaptive chaos based CDMA system with antenna diversity in frequency selective channel”. Wireless Personal Communications, Springer, Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 1439-1448.

[19]. F. C. Lau and K. T. Chi, (2003). “Chaos-based digital communication systems: Operating principles, analysis methods, and performance evaluation”. Springer

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Research Paper

Design And Performance Evaluation Of PIFA With Key Shaped Slot For Wireless Applications

Amrita Nishin Toppo* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Toppo, A. N., and Mishra, R. (2016). Design And Performance Evaluation Of PIFA With Key Shaped Slot For Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 34-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8066

Abstract

This paper describes the design and simulation of a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) covering multiple bands by HFSS simulator. Simple structure and easy to manufacture is the key of the proposed antenna. It fulfills wireless communication application and also it is compact and efficient. The proposed antenna covers bands DCS (1710-1800 MHz), GSM (880- 960 MHz), PCS (1850-1990 MHZ), Bluetooth (2400 MHz), UMTS (1920-2170 MHz), WiBro (2300-2390 MHz), WCS band (2305-2320 MHz), LTE 2300 (2300-2400 MHz), LTE 2500 (2600-2690 GHz) and Wimax (2.3 GHz). A directional radiation pattern is observed within the mentioned bandwidth. S11 plot and various parametric analysis has been done for an improved response. The objective of this paper is to design a compact antenna, which could be used for different wireless applications such as mobile and should be compatible with the present demand, i.e. 3G and 4G.

References

[1]. C. H. Wu and K. L. Wong, (2009). “Ultra wideband PIFA with a capacitive feed for penta-band folder-type mobile phone antenna”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 8, pp. 2461-2464.

[2]. Do-Gu Kang and Y. Sung, (2010). “Compact Hexaband PIFA Antenna for Mobile Handset Applications”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation, Vol. 9, pp. 1127-1130.

[3]. D. Liu and B. Gaucher, (2004). “A new multiband antenna for WLAN/Cellular applications”. In Proc. IEEE. Veh. Technol. Conf., Vol. 1, pp. 243-246.

[4]. T. Hosoe and K. Ito, (2003). “Dual-band planar inverted F antenna for laptop computers”. In Proc. 2003 IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp. Dig., Columbus, OH, Vol. 3, pp. 87-90.

[5]. Y. X. Guo, M. Y. W. Chia, and Z. N. Chen, (2004). “Miniature built-in multiband antennas for mobile handsets”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 52, No. 8, pp. 1936–1944.

[6]. C. Yu and J. H. Tarng, (2009). “A novel modified multiband planar inverted- F antenna”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 8, pp. 189-192.

[7]. R A. Bhatti and S. O. Pack, (2007). “Hepta-band internal antenna for personal communication handsets”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 55, No. 12, pp. 3398-3403.

[8]. P. Ciais, R. Staraj, G. Kossiavas, and C. Luxey, (2004). “Design of an internal quad-band antenna for mobile phones”. IEEE Microw. Wireless, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 148-150.

[9]. Y. X. Guo and H. S. Tan, (2004). “New compact six-band internal antenna”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 295-297.

[10]. D.Y. Kim, J. W. Lee, C. S. Cho, and T. K. Lee, (2008). “Design of a compact tri-band PIFA based on independent control of the resonant frequencies”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 1428-1436.

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Research Paper

Compact Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band

Alok Kumar Gupta* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Gupta, A. K., and Mishra, R. (2016). Compact Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8067

Abstract

In this paper, a planar slotted microstrip antenna with rectangular slotted patch used as the single radiating element and tapered shape slot in ground has been designed and analyzed. The proposed antenna is compact in size with an 3 overall dimension of 22×24×1.6 mm . This antenna is fabricated on FR-4 epoxy substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02 and 50Ω. Resistance is used as the characteristics impedance for microstrip line feed, being compact in size, antenna still achieves a bandwidth of wide range from 3.6 GHz to 11.8 GHz. By properly adjusting the feed gap (h), that is the distance between the tuning stub and the slot in the ground plane, determines the coupling between them and a good impedance matching is obtained and by cutting two slots on the rectangular radiating patch, with dimensions 1.5×1 mm and 1.5×1.5 mm, the gain of the antenna is drastically improved and it is found that gain plot is above zero for frequency range of 8 GHz to 12 GHz and a maximum gain of 9.2 dB is obtained at 12 GHz frequency.

References

[1]. Federal Communications Commission, (2002). Revision of Part 15 of the commission's rules regarding ultra-wide-band transmission systems First Report and Order FCC02.V48. Tech. Rep., Washington DC, USA.

[2]. R. Azim, M. T. Islam, and N. Misran, (2011). “Compact tapered shape slot antenna for UWB applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, pp. 1190–1193

[3]. H. D. Chen, (2003). “Broadband CPW-fed square slot antennas with a widened tuning stub”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 8, pp. 1982-1986.

[4]. Y.F. Liu, K.L. Lan, Q. Xue, and C.H. Chan, (2004). “Experimental studies of printed wide-slot antenna for wideband applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 273-275.

[5]. W. Mazahar, M. A. Tarar, F. A. Tahir, Shan Ullah, and F. A. Bhatti (2013). “Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultrawideband Application”. PIERS Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 12-15.

[6]. J. Y. Sze and C. C. Chang, (2008). “Circularly polarized square slot antenna with a pair of inverted-L grounded strips”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 7, pp. 149- 151.

[7]. J.Y. Chiou, J.Y. Sze, and K.L. Wong, (2003). “Abroadband CPW-fed strip loaded square slot antenna”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 719-721.

[8]. S. I. Latif, L. Shafai, and S. K. Sharma, (2005). “Bandwidth enhancement and size reduction of microstrip slot antenna”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, No. 3, pp. 994-1003.

[9]. D.C. Chang, J.C. Liu, and M.Y. Liu, (2005). “Improved Ushaped stub rectangular slot antenna with tuning pad for UWB applications”. Electron. Lett., Vol. 41, No. 20, pp. 1095- 1097.

[10]. J. Y. Jan and J. C. Kao, (2007). “Novel printed wideband rhombus-like slot antenna with an offset microstripfed line”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 6, pp. 249-251.

[11]. Thiripurasundari, D. and D. S. Emmanuel, (2013). “Compact dualband - reject UWB antenna with sharpband - edge frequency”. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 36, pp. 41-55.

[12]. Anil Kr Gautam, (2013). “A (CPW)-fed compact Ultra Wide Band (UWB) microstrip antenna”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, pp. 151-154.

i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems (JCS)

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Volume 5 Issue 3 May - July 2016

Fork Shaped MIMO Planar Antenna for UWB Application

Amit Kumar Singh* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Singh, A. K., and Mishra, R. (2016). Fork Shaped MIMO Planar Antenna for UWB Application. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8061

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Modification in Parameters and Improved Analysis of Intersatellite Optical Wireless Communication System

Pooja Sharma* , Sharad Mohan Shrivastava**, Anuja Mishra***, Prachi Agrawal****, Rahul Parganiha*****

*-***-****-***** PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, CG, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Shri Shankarachrya Technical Campus, Bhilai, CG, India.

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A Compact UWB Microstrip Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN and Amateur Radio

Shashi Mohan Kumar* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. * Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Kumar, S. M.,and Mishra, R. (2016). A Compact UWB Microstrip Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN and Amateur Radio. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8063

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Implementation of SDC Using I2C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal

Nandini* , K. Nagi Reddy**

* PG Scholar, Department of Digital Electronics and Communication Systems, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India. ** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India.

Nandini, G., and Reddy, K.N. (2016). Implementation of SDC Using I2C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8064

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BER Expression for Maximum Ratio Combining in Imperfect Channel Estimation Environment

Meher Krishna Patel* , Stevan M. Berber**, Kevin W. Sowerby***

Patel, M. K., Berber, S. M., and Sowerby, K.W. (2016). BER Expression for Maximum Ratio Combining in Imperfect Channel Estimation Environment. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8065

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Design And Performance Evaluation Of PIFA With Key Shaped Slot For Wireless Applications

Amrita Nishin Toppo* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Toppo, A. N., and Mishra, R. (2016). Design And Performance Evaluation Of PIFA With Key Shaped Slot For Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 34-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8066

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Compact Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band

Alok Kumar Gupta* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Gupta, A. K., and Mishra, R. (2016). Compact Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8067

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* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Pooja Sharma* , Sharad Mohan Shrivastava, Anuja Mishra, Prachi Agrawal, Rahul Parganiha

---* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, CG, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Shri Shankarachrya Technical Campus, Bhilai, CG, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

* Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Implementation of SDC Using I²C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal

* PG Scholar, Department of Digital Electronics and Communication Systems, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NBKR Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, India.

Nandini, G., and Reddy, K.N. (2016). Implementation of SDC Using I²C Multi Master-Multi Slave with Wishbone Signal. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(3), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.3.8064

Meher Krishna Patel* , Stevan M. Berber, Kevin W. Sowerby*

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.