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i-manager's Journal on Mechanical Engineering (JME)

Current Issue Vol. 14 Issue 2

Mechanization and Import Substitution in Zimbabwean Farmers' Equipment: A Case Study of the Revitalization of an Abandoned Tractor Trailer
Drill String Vibrational Analysis and Parametric Optimization for a Portable Water Well Rig Development
An Efficient Deep Neural Network with Amplifying Sine Unit for Nonlinear Oscillatory Systems
The Occupational Directness of Nanorobots in Medical Surgeries
Recent Trends in Solar Thermal Cooling Technologies

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Volume 10 Issue 2 February - April 2020

Research Paper

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Pressurized Non-Circular Container

Nikhilkumar V. Koshti * , Abhishek S. Kanaskar, M. D. Limaye*

*-*** Research & Development Establishment (Engrs.), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Pune, Maharastra, India.

Koshti, N. V., Kanaskar, A. S., and Limaye, M. D. (2020). Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Pressurized Non-Circular Container. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 10(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.10.2.16876

Abstract

A non-circular container used for storage and transportation of delicate items, avoiding direct contact with the environmental conditions is studied here from the stiffness point. Corrugated sheet used as side panels of the container is subjected to internal pneumatic gauge pressure of 0.1 to 0.35 bar, which increases the stiffness leading to smaller sheet thickness. A combination of the corrugated sheet and plain sheet of smaller thickness is subjected to internal pressure, and its stiffness is compared with that of a corrugated sheet of larger thickness. These two different options for the side panels are analysed numerically through Finite Element Analysis using ANSYS software and results are validated with the experiment conducted. The container structure developed for experimental purpose is depicted here and has been analysed under different pressure conditions to determine its sustainability. Thus it is found that a single corrugated sheet of larger thickness exhibits better stiffness than the combination of corrugated sheet and plain sheet. The use of a single corrugated sheet has been proposed for the side panel of a non-circular container, which gives better structural rigidity with optimized weight and manufacturing suitability.

References

[1]. ANSYS. (2011). Mechanical APDL Element Reference. http://www.mm.bme.hu/~gy ebro/files/vem/ansys_ 14_element_reference.pdf

[2]. Bureau of India Standards. (1997). Hollow steel sections for structural use Specification (2nd Ed) (IS 4923:1997). http://www.tatastructura.com/ corporate/ pdf/IS-4923-spec .pdf

[3]. Bureau of India Standards. (2011). Hot Rolled Medium and High Tensile Structural Steel (7th Ed) (IS 2062:2011). https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/S10/is. 2062.2011.pdf

[4]. Choi, Y., Ahn, J., You, H., Jo, C., Cho, Y., Noh, Y., ... & Bergan, P. G. (2018). Numerical and experimental study of a plate-stiffened prismatic pressure vessel. Ocean Engineering, 164, 367-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocea neng.2018.06.022

[5]. Kýlýçaslan, C., Güden, M., Odacý, Ý. K., & Taþdemirci, A. (2013). The impact responses and the finite element modeling of layered trapezoidal corrugated aluminum core and aluminum sheet interlayer sandwich structures. Materials & Design, 46, 121-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.matdes.2012.09.059

[6]. Lee, J., Choi, Y., Jo, C., & Chang, D. (2017). Design of a prismatic pressure vessel: An engineering solution for nonstiffened- type vessels. Ocean Engineering, 142, 639-649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.07.039

[7]. Narvydhas, E., & Puodziuniene, N. (2013). A preliminary approach tress analysis of the arc-shaped corrugated steel structure. Mechanics, 19(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/ 10.5755/j01.mech.19.1.3629

[8]. Piekarczuk, A. (2019). Experimental and numerical studies of double corrugated steel arch panels. Thin- Walled Structures, 140, 60-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws .2019. 03.032

[9]. Sani, M. S. H. M., Muftah, F., Tan, C. S., & Tahir, M. M. (2015). Structural behaviour of cold-formed cut-curved channel steel section under compression. Procedia Engineering, 125, 1008-1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. proeng.2015.11.155

[10]. TML. (n.d). Strain Gauge Catalogue. https://tml.jp/e

[11]. Xu, L., Gong, Y., & Guo, P. (2001). Compressive tests of cold-formed steel cur ved panels. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 57(12), 1249-1265. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0143-974X(01)00048-7

[12]. Yazici, M., Wright, J., Bertin, D., & Shukla, A. (2014). Experimental and numerical study of foam filled corrugated core steel sandwich structures subjected to blast loading. Composite Structures, 110, 98-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.11.016

[13]. Yu, W. W. (2000). Cold-formed Steel Structures (3 Ed). John Wiley and Sons.

[14]. Zhang, P., Liu, J., Cheng, Y., Hou, H., Wang, C., & Li, Y. (2015). Dynamic response of metallic trapezoidal corrugated-core sandwich panels subjected to air blast loading – An experimental study. Materials & Design, 65, 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.08.071

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Research Paper

Application of Taguchi Technique for Optimization of Drilling Parameters and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Drilling of Aluminium Alloy Al7068

Amardeepak M.* , Narayan B. Doddapattar, Sanjeeva Murthy *

- Cambridge Institute of Technology (North Campus), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

Amardeepak, M., Doddapattar, N. B., and Murthy, S. (2020). Application of Taguchi Technique for Optimization of Drilling Parameters and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Drilling of Aluminium Alloy Al7068. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 10(2), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.10.2.16930

Abstract

Aluminium alloys offer good mechanical properties and are lightweight. The most widely used non-ferrous metals in engineering are aluminium and its alloys, and are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries. Aluminium alloys as a class are considered as the family of materials offering the highest levels of machinability, as compared to other families of lightweight metals such as titanium and magnesium alloys. This machinability quantifies the machining performance and may be defined for a specific application by various criteria, such as tool life, surface finish, chip evacuation, material removal rate, and machine-tool power. Some of the methods employed for optimization of process parameters are Taguchi method, ANOVA, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The present work mainly focuses on optimization of process parameters for drilling of aluminium alloy Al7068 by varying the composition of one of the major elements, Mg in the alloy. Drilling of Al7068 alloy was carried out in the drill machining centre Hartford Pro-1000 with the experiments conducted based on Taguchi's L16 Orthogonal Array to get the optimized values of the drilling parameters. The coolant Quaker cool 7101 AFH had been used for drilling operation. The drilling parameters selected were feed, speed, depth of cut, drill bit diameter, and material composition varied in 4 levels. The ANOVA plots were studied to determine the influence of the process parameters (drilling parameters) on machining responses, such as surface roughness, material removal rate, machining time, machining force, and machining power. The results from ANOVA analysis indicate that feed rate highly impacts on the surface roughness, speed on material removal rate, material composition on machining time, machining force, and machining power.

References

[1]. Amran, M. A., Salmah, S., Hussein, N. I. S., Izamshah, R., Hadzley, M., Kasim, M. S., & Sulaiman, M. A. (2013). Effects of machine parameters on surface roughness using response surface method in drilling process. Procedia Engineering, 68, 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng. 2013.12.142.

[2]. Bahçe, E., & Ozel, C. (2013). Experimental investigation of the effect of machining parameters on the surface roughness and the formation of Built Up Edge (BUE) in the drilling of Al 5005. Tribology in Engineering, 15. https://doi. org/10.5772/56027

[3]. Bishop, D. P., Cahoon, J. R., Chaturvedi, M. C., Kipouros, G. J., & Caley, W. F. (2000). On enhancing the mechanical properties of aluminum P/M alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 290(1-2), 16-24. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0 921-5093(00)00957-6

[4]. Chatha, S. S., Pal, A., & Singh, T. (2016). Performance evaluation of aluminium 6063 drilling under the influence of nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication. Journal of Cleaner Production, 137, 537-545. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.jclepro.2016.07.139

[5]. Davoodi, B., & Tazehkandi, A. H. (2014). Experimental investigation and optimization of cutting parameters in dry and wet machining of aluminum alloy 5083 in order to remove cutting fluid. Journal of Cleaner Production, 68, 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.12.056

[6]. Glaa, N., Mehdi, K., & Zitoune, R. (2018). Numerical modeling and experimental analysis of thrust cutting force and torque in drilling process of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 96(5-8), 2815-2824. https://doi.org/10.1007 /s00170-018-1758-7

[7]. Hasan, M., Zhao, J., & Jiang, Z. (2017). A review of modern advancements in micro drilling techniques. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 29, 343-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.08.006

[8]. Hsu, V. N., Daskin, M., Jones, P. C., & Lowe, T. J. (1995). Tool selection for optimal part production: A Lagrangian relaxation approach. IIE Transactions, 27(4), 417-426. https://doi.org/10.1080/07408179508936758

[9]. Nouari, M., List, G., Girot, F., & Coupard, D. (2003). Experimental analysis and optimisation of tool wear in dry machining of aluminium alloys. Wear, 255(7-12), 1359- 1368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00105-4

[10]. Ozcatalbas, Y. (2003). Chip and built-up edge formation in the machining of in situ Al4C3 –Al composite. Materials & Design, 24(3), 215-221. https://doi.org/10.101 6/S0261-3069(02)00146-2

[11]. Rajmohan, T., Palanikumar, K., & Kathirvel, M. (2012). Optimization of machining parameters in drilling hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 22(6), 1286-1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61317-4

[12]. Shivapragash, B., Chandrasekaran, K., Parthasarathy, C., & Samuel, M. (2013). Multiple response optimizations in drilling using Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, 3(2), 765-768.

[13]. Tan, E., & Ögel, B. (2007). Influence of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AA6066 alloy. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 31(1), 53-60.

[14]. Tzou, G. J., Chen, D. Y., & Hsu, C. Y. (2006). Application of Taguchi method in the optimization of cutting parameters for turning operations. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, (ROC).

[15]. Wei, Y., An, Q., Ming, W., & Chen, M. (2016). Effect of drilling parameters and tool geometry on drilling performance in drilling carbon fiber–reinforced plastic/titanium alloy stacks. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(9), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F16878 14016670281

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Research Paper

An Experimental Investigation on Dropwise and Filmwise Condensation

Boopathi M.* , Nagarajan V., Surya S., Sathish Kumar M., S. Balamurugan

*-***** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Boopathi, M., Nagarajan, V., Surya, S., Kumar, M. S., and Balamurugan, S. (2020). An Experimental Investigation on Dropwise and Filmwise Condensation. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 10(2), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.10.2.17032

Abstract

Dropwise condensation and filmwise condensation are experimentally investigated with the help of an experimental setup, by varying the mass flow rate of the cooling water. Dropwise condensation is achieved in a nickel-chromium coated copper tube, whereas filmwise condensation is seen in non-coated plain copper tube. The heat transfer co- efficient for both the cases are calculated experimentally and theoretically by using the Nusselt's formula of condensation. From the evidence, the most effective method of condensation by varying the mass flow rate can be found. This is necessary to understand the theory of dropwise and filmwise condensation. The paper contains the experimental steps involved in performing the experiment, precautions, and final result of the experiment. An error analysis is to be made to check the accuracy of experimental and theoretical results.

References

[1]. Berndt, V., Müller-Steinhagen, H., & Zunft, S. (2008). Theoretical and experimental study on dropwise condensation in plate heat exchangers. 5th European Thermal-Sciences Conference.

[2]. Carey, V. P. (2007). Liquid-Vapor Phase Change Phenomena (2nd Ed). Taylor and Francis.

[3]. Kothandaraman, C. P., & Subramanyam, S. (2014). Heat and Mass Transfer Data Book (8th ed). World Cat.

[4]. Nag, P. K. (2011). Heat and Mass Transfer (3rd Ed). Mc Graw Hills.

[5]. Pandey, S. (2012). Dropwise and filmwise condensation. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(4), 1-5.

[6]. Reddy, M. R. N., Yohan, M., & Reddy, K. H. (2012). Heat transfer co-efficient through dropwise condensation and filmwise condensation apparatus. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(12), 367-369.

[7]. Rose, J. W. (1998). Condensation heat transfer fundamentals. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 76(2), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.1205/026387 698524712

[8]. Rose, J. W. (2002). Dropwise condensation theory and experiment: A review. Journal of Power and Energy, 216(2), 115-128. https://doi.org/10.1243%2F095765002 60 049034

[9]. Rose, J., Utaka, Y., & Tanasawa, I. (1999). Handbook of Phase Change: Dropwise Condensation. Taylor & Francis.

[10]. Tanaka, H. (1975). A theoretical study of dropwise condensation. Journal of Heat Transfer, 97(1), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3450291

[11]. Yadav, R. (2007). Heat and Mass Transfer ( 6th ed.). Central Pub House.

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Research Paper

Investigation of Wake Aerodynamics in Bluff Body for UAV Application

J. P. Ramesh* , Sivakumar K., V. Mugendiran*

, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kanchipuram, Tamil nadu, India.

Department of Production Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Ramesh, J. P., Sivakumar, K., and Mugendiran, V. (2020). Investigation of Wake Aerodynamics in Bluff Body for UAV Application. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 10(2), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.10.2.16769

Abstract

The primary objective of the study is to examine the drag coefficient and its effect on a bluff body. Drag plays a vital role in a bluff body than a streamlined body due to the creation of more wake region behind the body. So in order to remove the wake region, a skid is attached at different angles in the rear end of the bluff body. Then the 2D bluff body is analyzed using the K-epsilon turbulence model by Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fluent 6.3. The coefficient of drag (cd) for a unit rectangular bluff body is usually 0.643. The maximum reduction of drag is obtained by comparing Cd of the unit rectangular bluff body with the skid attached bluff body. A standard bluff body is examined with some modifications like skids located at different angles. A wind tunnel is used to test bluff body experimentally. The advantage of this work lies in fuel consumption variation of aerodynamic bluff bodies.

References

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[2]. Afman, J. P., Koukpaizan, N., Grubb, A., & Smith, M. J. (2017). An enhanced Prediction Methodology for Rapid Performance and Control Design of Highly Maneuverable UAVs. Conference: 43rd European Rotorcraft Forum.

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Review Paper

A Review on Effect of Dressing and Grinding Fluid in Cylindrical Traverse Rough and Finish Cut Grinding Processes

Manikandan M.* , Prabagaran S., Sivaram N. M. *, Milon Selvam Dennison ****

- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Puducherry, Karaikal, Tamil Nadu, India.

**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kampala International University, Uganda.

Manikandan, M., Prabagaran, S., Sivaram, N. M., and Dennison, M. S. (2020). A Review on Effect of Dressing and Grinding Fluid in Cylindrical Traverse Rough and Finish Cut Grinding Processes. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 10(2), 35-46. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.10.2.16627

Abstract

The effect of dressing and grinding fluid in cylindrical traverse rough and finish cut grinding processes were analyzed by various researchers and the same is reviewed in this paper. The choice of wheel and machine cutting parameters, and the effect of dressing and grinding fluid were also predominant parameters in relation to the improved productivity, accuracy, and decreased cost of grinding process. The operation of removing dull grains and deposited metal particles on the outer surface of the grinding to achieve suitable wheel topography of the grinding wheel is called dressing. The application of grinding fluid in grinding process reduces heat in the grinding zone, provides lubrication between grinding wheel and the work material, and removes of metal particles and dressed abrasive grains resulting in improved accuracy and surface finish.

References

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[20]. Jiang, J. L., Ge, P. Q., Bi, W. B., Zhang, L., Wang, D. X., & Zhang, Y. (2013). 2D/3D ground surface topography modeling considering dressing and wear effects in grinding process. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 74, 29-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmach tools.2013.07.002

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i-manager's Journal on Mechanical Engineering (JME)

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Volume 10 Issue 2 February - April 2020

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Pressurized Non-Circular Container

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*-*** Research & Development Establishment (Engrs.), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Pune, Maharastra, India.

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Application of Taguchi Technique for Optimization of Drilling Parameters and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Drilling of Aluminium Alloy Al7068

Amardeepak M.* , Narayan B. Doddapattar**, Sanjeeva Murthy ***

*-** Cambridge Institute of Technology (North Campus), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. *** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

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An Experimental Investigation on Dropwise and Filmwise Condensation

Boopathi M.* , Nagarajan V.**, Surya S.***, Sathish Kumar M.****, S. Balamurugan*****

*-***** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Investigation of Wake Aerodynamics in Bluff Body for UAV Application

J. P. Ramesh* , Sivakumar K.**, V. Mugendiran***

*,** Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kanchipuram, Tamil nadu, India. *** Department of Production Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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A Review on Effect of Dressing and Grinding Fluid in Cylindrical Traverse Rough and Finish Cut Grinding Processes

Manikandan M.* , Prabagaran S.**, Sivaram N. M. ***, Milon Selvam Dennison ****

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Nikhilkumar V. Koshti * , Abhishek S. Kanaskar, M. D. Limaye*

Amardeepak M.* , Narayan B. Doddapattar, Sanjeeva Murthy *

- Cambridge Institute of Technology (North Campus), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

Boopathi M.* , Nagarajan V., Surya S., Sathish Kumar M., S. Balamurugan

J. P. Ramesh* , Sivakumar K., V. Mugendiran*

, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kanchipuram, Tamil nadu, India.

Department of Production Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Manikandan M.* , Prabagaran S., Sivaram N. M. *, Milon Selvam Dennison ****