i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Mechanical Engineering (JME)

Current Issue Vol. 14 Issue 2

Mechanization and Import Substitution in Zimbabwean Farmers' Equipment: A Case Study of the Revitalization of an Abandoned Tractor Trailer
Drill String Vibrational Analysis and Parametric Optimization for a Portable Water Well Rig Development
An Efficient Deep Neural Network with Amplifying Sine Unit for Nonlinear Oscillatory Systems
The Occupational Directness of Nanorobots in Medical Surgeries
Recent Trends in Solar Thermal Cooling Technologies

Most Cited

Volume 9 Issue 2 February - April 2019

Research Paper

Transient Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Cup Drawing Process

P. Nanda Kumar* , Glenda Holland, B. Vikram*

* Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, N.B.K.R. Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, N.B.K.R. Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.

* M.Tech Student (AMS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, N.B.K.R. Institute of Science & Technology, Vidyanagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Kumar, P. N., Kumar, P. S. R., and Vikram, B. (2019). Transient Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Cup Drawing Process. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.15271

Abstract

The cup drawing process of sheet takes an important place in forming metals. The traditional techniques of tool design for sheet forming operations used in industry are experimental and expensive methods. Prediction of the forming results, determination of the punching force, blank holder forces and the thickness distribution of the sheet metal will decrease the production cost and time of the material to be formed. In this project, cup drawing simulation has been presented with finite element method. The entire production step has been simulated by ANSYS 15.0 software under axisymmetric conditions with nonlinear Transient dynamic analysis. Radial, axial, hoop and Von Mises stress patterns have been simulated for critical load conditions. A rigorous analysis of Von Mises stress has been performed to track the yield behavior of blank. Contact behavior was also observed. Simulated Punch force was compared with experimental values for different travel intervals.

References

[1]. Anaraki, A. P., Shahabizadeh, M., & Babaee, B. (2012). Finite element simulation of multi-stage deep drawing processes & comparison with experimental results. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 61, 670-674.

[2]. Anwekar, S., & Jain, A. (2012). Finite element simulation of single stage deep drawing process for determining stress distribution in drawn conical component. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, 2(8), 229-236.

[3]. Arab, N., & Javadimanesh, A. (2013). Theoretical and experimental analysis of deep drawing cylindrical cup. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 1(06), 336-342.

[4]. Dhaiban, A. A., Soliman, M. E. S., & El-Sebaie, M. G. (2013). Development of deep drawing without blankholder for producing elliptic brass cups through conical dies. Journal of Engineering Sciences, 41(4).

[5]. Joshi, N. K., Patil, T. B., Satao, S., & Chandrababu, D. (2014). Optimization of variation in wall thickness of a deep drawn cup using virtual design of experiments. IRACST – Engineering Science and Technology: An International Journal (ESTIJ), ISSN: 2250-3498, 4(5), 124- 128.

[6]. Kumar, J. P., Tanveer, M. B., Makwana, S. A., & Sivakumar, R. (2013). Experimental investigation and optimization of process parameters on the deep drawing of AISI202 stainless steel. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2(4), 160-167.

[7]. Kumar, M. Y., Kumar, K. R., & Abhimaan, B. (2015). Finite element simulation of deep drawing of aluminium alloy sheets. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS), 2(12), 44-48.

[8]. Kumar, R. U., & Reddy, G. C. (2016). Determination of diametrical ratio of sheet metals through finite element analysis (2016). International of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), 2^nd National Conference on Developments, Advances & Trends in Engineering Science [NC- DATES2K16], 20-23.

[9]. Magar, S. M., & Khire, M. Y. (2010). Deep drawing of cup shaped steel component: finite element analysis and experimental validation. International Journal on Emerging Technologies, 1(2), 68-72.

[10]. Marumo, Y., Saiki, H., & Ruan, L. (2007). Effect of sheet thickness on deep drawing of metal foils. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, 20(1-2), 479-482.

[11]. Ramezani, M., & Neitzert, T. (2013). Analytical and finite element analysis of hydroforming deep drawing process. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering, 7(6), 980-991.

[12]. Shakil, S., Hamed, M., & Chamekh, A. (2015). Single stage steel cup deep drawing analysis using finite element simulation. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 4, 2278-018.

[13]. Singh, C. P., & Agnihotri, G. (2015). Study of deep drawing process parameters: A review. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(2), 1- 15.

[14]. Trivedi, R. N., Joshi. M.., & Patel, N. (2015). Experimental and finite element analysis of deep drawing process of stainless steel, brass & aluminum. International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, 3(4), 3301-3304.

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Research Paper

Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

D. Vishnu Vardhan Reddy* , Venkata Ajay Kumar G., N. Jaya Krishna*

*_*** Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Reddy, D. V. V., Kumar, G. V. A., and Krishna, N. J. (2019). Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.15164

Abstract

Materials are often selected for structural, aerospace and automotive applications because of better mechanical properties. In recent days development of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites (HMMCs) has gained lot of interest in Materials Science field. In view of this, the present study focuses on the formation of Aluminum-SiC-Titanium dioxide HMMC. It was aimed to evaluate the mechanical and metallurgical properties of Al2014T6 alloy in the presence of silicon carbide, and Titanium dioxide its combinations. Various compositions are added and by using stir casting method HMMCs are fabricated. The properties like tensile strength, elongation, yield strength, hardness and micro structure were determined. In the presence of Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) [5%SiC + 5%TiO₂ , 2.5%SiC+7.5% TiO₂and 7.5% SiC+ 2.5% TiO₂] with Aluminum, composites were prepared. It was noticed that newly developed HMMCs exhibits better strength, hardness and elongation when compared with metal alloy.

References

[1]. Ahamed, H., & Senthilkumar, V. (2011). Consolidation behavior of mechanically alloyed aluminum based nanocomposites reinforced with nanoscale Y₂O₃ /Al₂O₃ particles. Materials Characterization, 62(12), 1235-1249.

[2]. Altinkok, N., Özsert, I., & Findik, F. (2013). Dry sliding wear behavior of Al₂O₃ /SiC particle reinforced aluminium based MMCs fabricated by stir casting method. Acta Physica Polonica, A., 124(1), 11-19.

[3]. Baradeswaran, A., & Perumal, A. E. (2013). Influence of B₄C on the tribological and mechanical properties of Al 4 7075–B₄C composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 54, 146-152.

[4]. Bhushan, R. K., Kumar, S., & Das, S. (2013). Fabrication and characterization of 7075 Al alloy reinforced with SiC particulates. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 65(5-8), 611-624.

[5]. Ezatpour, H. R., Sajjadi, S. A., Sabzevar, M. H., & Huang, Y. (2014). Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al6061-nanocomposite fabricated by stir casting. Materials and Design, 55, 921- 928.

[6]. Harichandran, R., & Selvakumar, N. (2016). Effect of nano/micro B₄C particles on the mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composites fabricated by ultrasonic cavitation-assisted solidification process. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 16(1), 147- 158.

[7]. Kumar, G. V., Rao, C. S. P., Selvaraj, N., & Bhagyashekar, M. S. (2010). Studies on Al6061-SiC and Al7075-Al₂O₃metal matrix composites. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 9(01), 43.-55.

[8]. Prabu, S. B., Karunamoorthy, L., Kathiresan, S., & Mohan, B. (2006). Influence of stirring speed and stirring time on distribution of particles in cast metal matrix composite. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 171(2), 268-273.

[9]. Rajmohan, T., Palanikumar, K., & Ranganathan, S. (2013). Evaluation of mechanical and wear properties of hybrid aluminium matrix composites. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 23(9), 2509-2517.

[10]. Ramnath, B. V., Elanchezhian, C., Jaivignesh, M., Rajesh, S., Parswajinan, C., & Ghias, A. S. A. (2014). Evaluation of mechanical properties of aluminium alloy–alumina–boron carbide metal matrix composites. Materials and Design, 58, 332-338.

[11]. Rao, S. R., & Padmanabhan, G. (2012). Fabrication and mechanical properties of aluminium-boron carbide composites. International Journal of Materials and Biomaterials Applications, 2(3), 15-18.

[12]. Ravichandran, M., & Dineshkumar, S. (2014). Synthesis of Al-TiO₂ composites through liquid powder metallurgy route. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 1(1), 12-15.

[13]. Ravindran, P., Manisekar, K., Kumar, S. V., & Rathika, P. (2013). Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum hybrid nano-composites with the additions of solid lubricant. Materials & Design, 51, 448- 456.

[14]. Senthilkumar, T. S., & Venkatesh, S. A., & Kumar, R., & Kumar, S. (2016). Evaluation of mechanical properties of Al-6082 based hybrid metal. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(1S), 58-64.

[15]. Sharma, P., Khanduja, D., & Sharma, S. (2016). Dry sliding wear investigation of Al6082/Gr metal matrix composites by response surface methodology. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 5(1), 29-36.

[16]. Shorowordi, K. M., Laoui, T., Haseeb, A. S. M. A., Celis, J. P., & Froyen, L. (2003). Microstructure and interface characteristics of B₄C, SiC and Al₂O₃ reinforced Al matrix composites: A comparative study. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 142(3), 738-743.

[17]. Uthayakumar, M., Aravindan, S., & Rajkumar, K. (2013). Wear performance of Al–SiC–B4C hybrid composites under dry sliding conditions. Materials and Design, 47, 456-464.

[18]. Varol, T., Canakci, A., & Ozsahin, S. (2013). Artificial neural network modeling to effect of reinforcement properties on the physical and mechanical properties of Al2024–B₄C composites produced by powder metallurgy. Composites Part B: Engineering, 54, 224-233.

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Research Paper

Variation of Inside Temperature of Vacuum Tube and Header for Different Inclination Angle of Vacuum Tube Solar Air Collector

Vishal Dabra* , Pardeep Sharma**

*_** Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Haryana, India.

Darba, V., and Sharma, P. (2019). Variation of Inside Temperature of Vacuum Tube and Header for Different Inclination Angle of Vacuum Tube Solar Air Collector. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.14916

Abstract

The prime goal of current research work is to design, fabricate and test the performance of vacuum tube solar air collector. This paper investigates the influence of inclination angle on the variation of inside temperature of vacuum tube and header of vacuum tube solar air collector. Vacuum tube solar air collector is used to produce hot air over a period of daytime without tracking the sun. Results found that the variation of inside temperature of vacuum tube increases from 45.8°C to 56.5°C, 42.7°C to 92.3°C and 43.7°C to 94.1°C and the variation of inside temperature of header increases from 38.4°C to 48.1°C, 34.6°C to 92.3°C and 35.2°C to 72.2°C for 30°, 45° and 60° inclination angle.

References

[1]. Chang, Y. P. (2010). Optimal the tilt angles for photovoltaic modules in Taiwan. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 32(9), 956-964.

[2]. Dabra, V., & Yadav, A. (2017a). Parametric study of a concentric coaxial glass tube solar air collector: A theoretical approach. Heat and Mass Transfer, 1-13.

[3]. Dabra, V., & Yadav, A. (2017b). Effect of pressure drop and air mass flow rate on the performance of concentric coaxial glass tube solar air collector: A theoretical approach. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43(9), 4549-4559.

[4]. Dabra, V., & Yadav, A. (2018). Performance analysis and comparison of glazed and unglazed solar air collector. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-19.

[5]. Dabra, V., Yadav, L., & Yadav, A. (2013). The effect of tilt angle on the performance of evacuated tube solar air collector: Experimental analysis. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 5(4), 100-110.

[6]. Darhmaoui, H., & Lahjouji, D. (2013). Latitude based model for tilt angle optimization for solar collectors in the Mediterranean region. Energy Procedia, 42, 426-435.

[7]. Handoyo, E. A., Ichsani, D., & Prabowo. (2013). The optimal tilt angle of a solar collector. Energy Procedia, 32, 166-175.

[8]. Hossain, M. S., Saidur, R., Fayaz, H., Rahim, N. A., Islam, M. R., Ahamed, J. U., & Rahman, M. M. (2011). Review on solar water heater collector and thermal energy performance of circulating pipe. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(8), 3801-3812.

[9]. Jamil, B., Siddiqui, A. T., & Akhtar, N. (2016). Estimation of solar radiation and optimum tilt angles for south-facing surfaces in humid subtropical climatic region of India. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 19(4), 1826-1835.

[10]. Shariah, A., Al-Akhras, M. A., & Al-Omari, I. A. (2002). Optimizing the tilt angle of solar collectors. Renewable Energy, 26(4), 587-598.

[11]. Tang, R., Gao, W., Yu, Y., & Chen, H. (2009). Optimal tilt-angles of all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors. Energy, 34(9), 1387-1395.

[12]. Tang, R., Yang, Y., & Gao, W. (2011). Comparative studies on thermal performance of water-in-glass evacuated tube solar water heaters with different collector tilt-angles. Solar Energy, 85(7), 1381-1389.

[13]. Xu, L., Wang, Z., Yuan, G., Li, X., & Ruan, Y. (2012). A new dynamic test method for thermal performance of allglass evacuated solar air collectors. Solar Energy, 86(5), 1222-1231.

[14]. Zambolin, E., & Del Col, D. (2012). An improved procedure for the experimental characterization of optical efficiency in evacuated tube solar collectors. Renewable Energy, 43, 37-46.

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Research Paper

Optimization of Tool wear and Surface Roughness in Turning Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) Alloy; NFMQCF Technique

Sivakoteswararao Katta* , R. Venkatesh, Suresh Gupta*

* Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, RVR&JC College of Engineering, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

* Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Katta, S., Chaitanya, G., and Shankar, B. R. (2018). Optimization of Tool wear and Surface Roughness in Turning Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) Alloy; NFMQCF Technique. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.14812

Abstract

In today's machining applications, nanofluids created a revolution by replacing the various metal cutting fluids used in manufacturing industries, due to its distinct properties such as high thermal conductivity and lubrication. The optimization was done based on the experimentation on surface roughness and tool wear. To get optimized results the technique used was Grey Rational Analysis (GRA), Principle Composite Analysis (PCA), and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimization techniques on the turning of Titanium (Ti-Al-4V) alloy with the Nanofluid based Minimum Quantity Cutting Fluid (NFMQCFT) Technique. Here, Graphene nanoparticles are used to mix with the vegetable oil based (Soya Bean) cutting fluid. The experiment has been done by using several machining parameters such as feed rate, cutting speed, depth of cut, etc. An analysis has been made to evaluate the machining parameters for surface roughness values (Ra) and Tool wear based on the actual series of experiments with uncoated carbide tool. The outcomes state that the feed rate has a greater influence on the values of surface roughness as compared to cutting speed. The predicted results are identical to the experimental values. Since this research has multi-objective, these developed models using response surface methodology, grey rational analysis, and principle composite analysis can be used for evaluation of surface roughness and tool wear.

References

[1]. Ahmed, S L., & Kumar, M. P. (2016). Optimization of reaming process parameters for titanium Ti-6Al-4V alloy using grey relational analysis. International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition: Advance Manufacturing (pp. V002T02A008-V002T02A008).

[2]. Ananth, V. P., & Vasudevan, (2013). Recent trends in cutting parameters and surface quality in turning operation. Journal of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, 4, 56-59.

[3]. Asiltürk, I., Neşeli, S., & Ince, M. A. (2016). Optimisation of parameters affecting sur face roughness of Co28Cr6Mo medical material during CNC lathe machining by using the Taguchi and RSM methods. Measurement, 78, 120-128.

[4]. Chauhan, S. R., & Dass, K. (2012). Optimization of machining parameters in turning of titanium (grade-5) alloy using response surface methodology. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(5), 531-537.

[5]. Debnath, S., Reddy, M. M., & Yi, Q. S. (2016). Influence of cutting fluid conditions and cutting parameters on surface roughness and tool wear in turning process using Taguchi method. Measurement, 78, 111-119.

[6]. D'Mello, G., Pai, P. S., & Puneet, N. P. (2017). Optimization studies in high speed turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Applied Soft Computing, 51, 105-115.

[7]. Dureja, J. S., Gupta, V. K., Sharma, V. S., & Dogra, M. (2009). Design optimization of cutting conditions and analysis of their effect on tool wear and surface roughness during hard turning of AISI-H11 steel with a coated-mixed ceramic tool. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 223(11), 1441-1453.

[8]. Eriki, A. K., Rao, K. P., & Babu, A. R. (2014). Effects of various parameters on CNMG turning insert in machining Ti-6Al-4V. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovations, 1(2), 1-5.

[9]. Garcia, U., & Ribeiro, M. V. (2016). Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy end milling with minimum quantity of fluid technique use. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 31(7), 905- 918.

[10]. Gupta, M. K., & Sood, P. K. (2017). Surface roughness measurements in NFMQL assisted turning of titanium alloys: An optimization approach. Friction, 5(2), 155-170.

[11]. Khanna, N., & Davim, J. P. (2015). Design-ofexperiments application in machining titanium alloys for aerospace structural components. Measurement, 61, 280-290.

[12]. Khidhir, B. A., Al-Oqaiel, W., & Kareem, P. (2015). Prediction models by response surface methodology for turning operation. American Journal of Modeling and Optimization, 3(1), 1-6.

[13]. Kim, J. S., Kim, J. W., & Lee, S. W. (2017). Experimental characterization on micro-end milling of titanium alloy using nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication with chilly gas. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 91(5-8), 2741-2749.

[14]. Kumar, U., & Narang, D. (2013). Optimization of Cutting Parameters in High-Speed Turning by Grey Relational Analysis. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 3(1), 832-839.

[15]. Luo, M., Wang, J., Wu, B., & Zhang, D. (2017). Effects of cutting parameters on tool insert wear in end milling of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 30(1), 53-59.

[16]. Makadia, A. J., & Nanavati, J. I. (2013). Optimisation of machining parameters for turning operations based on response surface methodology. Measurement, 46(4), 1521-1529.

[17]. Mia, M., Khan, M. A., & Dhar, N. R. (2017). Highpressure coolant on flank and rake surfaces of tool in turning of Ti-6Al-4V: Investigations on surface roughness and tool wear. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 90(5-8), 1825-1834.

[18]. Narayan, V., & Aswathy, V. G. (2015). Multi-response optimization in turning of titanium alloy using grey relational analysis. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering, and Technology, 4(12), 11841-11847. https://doi.org/10.15680/IJIRSET. 2015.0412025

[19]. Ramesh, S., Karunamoorthy, L., & Palanikumar, K. (2008). Surface roughness analysis in machining of titanium alloy. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 23(2), 174-181.

[20]. Rao, C. J., Rao, D. N., & Srihari, P. (2013). Influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and surface finish in turning operation. Procedia Engineering, 64, 1405-1415.

[21]. Routara, B. C., Bandyopadhyay, A., & Sahoo, P. (2009). Roughness modeling and optimization in CNC end milling using response surface method: Effect of workpiece material variation. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 40(11-12), 1166-1180.

[22]. Sahu, N. K., Andhare, A. B., & Raju, R. A. (2018). Evaluation of performance of nanofluid using multiwalled carbon nanotubes for machining of Ti–6AL–4V. Machining Science and Technology, 22(3), 476-492.

[23]. Sahu, S., & Choudhury, B. B. (2015). Optimization of surface roughness using taguchi methodology & prediction of tool wear in hard turning tools. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2(4-5), 2615-2623.

[24]. Sargade, V., Nipanikar, S., & Meshram, S. (2016). Analysis of surface roughness and cutting force during turning of Ti6Al4V ELI in dry environment. International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 7(2), 257-266.

[25]. Satyanarayana, K., Gopal, A. V., & Babu, P. B. (2014). Analysis for optimal decisions on turning Ti–6Al–4V with Taguchi–grey method. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 228(1), 152-157.

[26]. Setti, D., Ghosh, S., & Rao, P. V. (2012, October). Application of nano cutting fluid under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique to improve grinding of Ti–6Al–4V alloy. In Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (Vol. 70, pp. 512- 516). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology.

[27]. Sharif, S., & Rahim, E. A. (2007). Performance of coated-and uncoated-carbide tools when drilling titanium alloy—Ti–6Al4V. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 185(1-3), 72-76.

[28]. Sharma, A. K., Tiwari, A. K., & Dixit, A. R. (2016). Effects of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in machining processes using conventional and nanofluid based cutting fluids: A comprehensive review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 127, 1-18.

[29]. Shyha, I., Gariani, S., & Bhatti, M. (2015). Investigation of cutting tools and working conditions effects when cutting Ti-6Al-4V using vegetable oil-based cutting fluids. Procedia Engineering, 132, 577-584.

[30]. Songmei, Y., Xuebo, H., Guangyuan, Z., & Amin, M. (2017). A novel approach of applying copper nanoparticles in minimum quantity lubrication for milling of Ti-6Al-4V. Advances in Production Engineering & Management, 12(2), 139.

[31]. Srithar, A., Palanikumar, K., & Durgaprasad, B. (2014). Experimental investigation and analysis on hard turning of AISI D2 steel using coated carbide insert. In Advanced Materials Research ,984-985, 154-158.

[32]. Vinayagamoorthy, R., & Xavior, M. A. (2014). Parametric optimization on multi-objective precision turning using grey relational analysis. Procedia Engineering, 97, 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. proeng.2014.12.253

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Research Paper

Impact of Weld Parameters for Indirect Spot Welding and its Behavior for Sheet Metal Fabrication Industries

Kancha Sammaiah* , D. V. Sreekanth , Busi Ashok Kumar*

* Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St.Martin’s Engineering College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

Professor & HOD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St.Martin’s Engineering College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

* Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, St.Martin’s Engineering College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.

Sammaiah, K., Sreekanth, D. V., and Kumar, B. A. (2019). Impact of Weld Parameters for Indirect Spot Welding and its Behavior for Sheet Metal Fabrication Industries. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.15581

Abstract

Resistance welding principle depending on heat developed at the interface due to current supplied through the electrode to the metal parts being joined. It depends upon the electric current flow, supply time and load transmitted to the parts to be joined. Indirect spot welding or one side welding method force the joint to be welded like normal conventional process of spot welding; the current flow direction is deviated by adding series of electrodes through the interface and ground the flow direction to the bottom electrode there by heating effect will be reduced in the bottom sheet and at the same time ensurs formation of nugget. For achieving is principle a special unit is designed and fabricated and attached to the bottom electrode of Spot welding machine. This requirement of both transmitting of current and weld force to realize minimum deformation on one of the sheets. Trials were conducted 23 factorial designs is met using “statistical” design approach from the of experiments. Weld parameters were considered for each factor with two level variation and the tension shear load was taken as response criteria. Indirect resistance welding trials were conducted and regression equations were obtained. The effect of parameters on tension shear breaking load was analyzed.

References

[1]. Application Data Sheet. (n.d). Spot welding data, Optimum conditions schedules for spot welding low Carbon steel–SAE 1010. Retrieved from https://nsrw.com/wp-content/uploads/Spot-Weldingschedule- for-low-Carbon-Steel_72.pdf

[2]. Chan, K. R., & Edwards, P. (2006). Lowering cost by simulating design of complex welds-Design of an indent–free indirect resistance projection weld hem weld on AHSS using simulation software.

[3]. Chan, K. R., Scotchmer, N., Bohr, J. C., Khan, I., Kuntz, M. L., & Zhou, Y. (2006). Effect of electrode geometry on resistance spot welding of AHSS. SMWC XII Session, 7-4.

[4]. Chao, Y. J. (2003). Ultimate strength and failure mechanism of resistance spot weld subjected to tensile, shear, or combined tensile/shear loads. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 125(2), 125-132.

[5]. Cho, Y., Chang, I., & Lee, H. (2006). Single-sided resistance spot welding for auto body assembly. Welding Journal, 85(8), 26-29.

[6]. Hamedi, M., & Pashazadeh, H. (2008). Numerical study of nugget formation in resistance spot welding. International Journal of Mechanics, 2(1), 11-15.

[7]. Sammaiah, K., Ramesh, N. N., Govardhan, D., & Prasad, V. V. S. H. (2014). Determination of weld loads by using design of experiments for low carbon steel sheet for automobile application. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4(2), 606-611.

[8]. Song, J. H., Noh, H. G., Akira, S. M., Yu, H. S., Kang, H. Y., & Yang, S. M. (2004). Analysis of effective nugget size by infrared thermography in spot weldment. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 5(1), 55-59.

[9]. Taylor, M. (2006). Success with single sided Resistance spot welding. Retrieved from https://www.bodyshop business.com/success-with-single-sided-resistance-spot-welding/

[10]. Tsai, C. L., Papritan, J. C., Dickinson, D. W., & Jammal, O. (1992). Modeling of resistance spot weld nugget growth. Supplement to the Welding Journal Sponsored by AWS &WRC, 71(2), 47S-54S.

[11]. Yeung, K. S., & Thornton, P. H. (1999). Transient thermal analysis of spot welding electrodes. Supplement to the Welding Journal Sponsored by AWS & WRC, 78, 1S- 6S.

[12]. Zhou, M., Zhang, H., & Hu, S. J. (2003). Relationships between quality and attributes of spot welds. Supplement to the Welding Journal Sponsored by AWS & WR, 82(4), 72S-77S.

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Research Paper

Flow Behavior on Elbow with Various Geometries of Nozzle

SATISH* , M. Akhil Yuvaraj**

* Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** UG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Satish, G., and Yuvaraj, M. A. (2019). Flow Behavior on Elbow with Various Geometries of Nozzle. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.15851

Abstract

Elbow is one of the most common components in the pipe line system, where pressure difference occurs as a fluid flow.Due to the pressure difference, centrifugal force is developed. For this reason, the behaviour of the fluid flow in a 90° elbow for different geometries of nozzle have been studied using the FLUENT software. Ten different models were investigated based on the K-ɛ model of the energy equation. The analysis was simulated in terms of the velocity and pressure contours and comparison is done. The analysis has been done for 10 different models with changing the angle of convergence from 0° to 90° and found that the velocity gradients are increasing and pressure gradients are decreasing in an ascending order of the angles of convergence for nozzle geometry. The software values are compared to the regression values and found to yield good agreement with the simulated values.

References

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Volume 9 Issue 2 February - April 2019

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Flow Behavior on Elbow with Various Geometries of Nozzle

SATISH* , M. Akhil Yuvaraj**

* Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India. ** UG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Satish, G., and Yuvaraj, M. A. (2019). Flow Behavior on Elbow with Various Geometries of Nozzle. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 9(2), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.9.2.15851

Abstract

References

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P. Nanda Kumar* , Glenda Holland, B. Vikram*

D. Vishnu Vardhan Reddy* , Venkata Ajay Kumar G., N. Jaya Krishna*

Sivakoteswararao Katta* , R. Venkatesh, Suresh Gupta*

Kancha Sammaiah* , D. V. Sreekanth , Busi Ashok Kumar*

* Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** UG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Andhra Pradesh, India.