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i-manager's Journal on Mechanical Engineering (JME)

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Mechanization and Import Substitution in Zimbabwean Farmers' Equipment: A Case Study of the Revitalization of an Abandoned Tractor Trailer
Drill String Vibrational Analysis and Parametric Optimization for a Portable Water Well Rig Development
An Efficient Deep Neural Network with Amplifying Sine Unit for Nonlinear Oscillatory Systems
The Occupational Directness of Nanorobots in Medical Surgeries
Recent Trends in Solar Thermal Cooling Technologies

Most Cited

Volume 12 Issue 1 November - January 2022

Research Paper

Experimental Investigation and Mitigation of Chatter in Milling Machine using Magnetorheological Fluid

N. Nithya* , D. Sony Priyanka, R. Kaviraj*, M. Prasanna Perumal**, M. Jagadheesh*, S. Naveen Kumar****

*-****** Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Nithya, N., Priyanka, D. S., Kaviraj, R., Perumal, M. P., Jagadheesh, M., and Kumar, S. N. (2022). Experimental Investigation and Mitigation of Chatter in Milling Machine using Magnetorheological Fluid. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18114

Abstract

The major problem in all machining operations is chatter which constitutes excessive vibration between tool and the workpiece. Due to the generation of chatter, tool life, reliability and safety of machining operation will be shortening. Mechanical smart structures automatically can acknowledge to external loading such as fatigue loads, seismic loads and shock loads. The application of smart fluid such as Magnetorheological fluid has been the interface between electronic controls and mechanical system, which provides controllable damping force. One of the important characteristic of MR fluid is the ability to change from viscous liquid to semi-solids in milliseconds when exposed to a magnetic field. Experimental investigation has been carried out with different cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut and varying input current ranges from 0 to 24 Volts. The input voltage modifies the magnetic field inside the coil of the damper where chatter mark in the workpiece has been suppressed. The main objective of this work is to recommend MR damper to suppress vibration and improve surface roughness. The optimum conditions to accomplish better damping effect for the mitigation of chatter has been identified and 50% of the chatter will be suppressed. The dynamic response of end milling cutter has been studied with and without the application of MR damper, and roughness parameters have also been estimated.

References

[1]. Amin, A. N., Patwari, A. U., Sharulhazrin, M. S., & Hafizuddin, I. (2010, January). Investigation of effect of chatter amplitude on surface roughness during end milling of medium carbon steel. In Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (pp. 131-136).

[2]. Dyke, S. J., Spencer Jr, B. F., Sain, M. K., & Carlson, J. D. (1996). Modeling and control of magnetorheological dampers for seismic response reduction. Smart Materials and Structures, 5(5), 565.

[3]. Gadekar, P., Kanthale, V. S., & Khaire, N. D. (2017). Magnetorheological fluid and its applications. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 7, 32-37.

[4]. Jolly, M. R., Bender, J. W., & Carlson, J. D. (1999). P r o p e r t i e s a n d a p p l i c a t i o n s o f c o m m e r c i a l magnetorheological fluids. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 10(1), 5-13.

[5]. Liu, W. (2016, March). Semi-active fuzzy control for machine tool vibration. In International Conference on Mechanics, Materials and Structural Engineering (ICMMSE 2016) (pp. 206-211). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/ icmmse-16.2016.35

[6]. Ma, H., Wu, J., Yang, L., & Xiong, Z. (2017). Active chatter suppression with displacement-only measurement in turning process. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 401, 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2017.05.009

[7]. Nithya, N. (2019, October). Alleviation of regenerative chatter using MRF dampers during milling. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2161, No. 1, p. 020054). AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127645

[8]. Quintana, G., & Ciurana, J. (2011). Chatter in machining processes: A review. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 51(5), 363-376. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2011.01.001

[9]. Smith, S., & Tlusty, J. (1991). An overview of modeling and simulation of the milling process. International Journal of Engineering for Industry-Transactions of the ASME, 113(2), 169-175.

[10]. Urbikain, G., De Lacalle, L. L., & Fernández, A. (2014). Regenerative vibration avoidance due to tool tangential dynamics in interrupted turning operations. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 333(17), 3996-4006. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jsv.2014.03.028

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Research Paper

Optimization of Pintle Injector Position to Control Thrust Propulsion

Phanibhaskar Anusuri* , Akella Yeswanth, Raghuveer Nemani*

*-*** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, India.

Anusuri, P., Yeswanth, A., and Nemani, R. (2022). Optimization of Pintle Injector Position to Control Thrust Propulsion. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18267

Abstract

Pintle nozzle plays a pivotal role in the field of aerospace industry because of the feature of controlling thrust propulsion and steering. The peculiar nozzle design of the pintle injector helps in proper mixing of propellants and also forces fluids into the combustion chamber. The position of pintle in rocketry nozzle also contributes in improving efficiency. This paper is concerned to perform CFD analysis to optimize shape of the pintle head and also by varying different positions of the pointer or pintle. In the later stage the results are tabulated for two different speeds of flow namely Minimum and Maximum. The graphs were plotted for Static Pressure, Velocity Magnitude, Turbulent Kinetic Energy, Cell Reynolds number and Strain Rate and best model is assessed. The total study and simulation was performed using ANSYS Fluent 14.5.

References

[1]. Belega, B. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (2015, May). Analysis of flow in convergent-divergent rocket engine nozzle using computational fluid dynamics. In International Conference of Scientific Paper (Vol. 6), pp. 1-6.

[2]. Dressler, G., & Bauer, J. (2000, July). TRW pintle engine heritage and performance characteristics. In 36^th AiAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-3871

[3]. Gaur, D., & Prakash, O. (2018). Comparative Viscous Flow Analysis for Rocket Engine Convergent-Divergent Nozzle for Distinct Geometric Parameters. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 7476-7483. https://doi.org/10.156 80/IJIRSET.2018.0706118

[4]. Kumar, P. V., & Kumar, B. K. (2017). Design and CFD Analysis of Convergent and Divergent Nozzle. International Journal of Professional Engineering Studies, 9(2), 150-163.

[5]. Murugan, N., Saravanan, V., Doddi, H. N., Nejaamtheen, M. N., Kumar, V. R. S., & Murugesh, P. (2017). Conceptual design and shape optimization of a pintle nozzle for controllable thrust propulsion and steering in: 53^rd AIAA. In SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-4870

[6]. Narayana, K. P. S. S., & Reddy, K. S. (2016). Simulation of convergent divergent rocket nozzle using CFD analysis. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 13(4), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.9790/1684-1304015865

[7]. Patil, P. V., More, A. A., Patil, S. M., & Mokal, M. R. (2017). Optimization In DE-Laval Nozzle Design to Increase Thrust, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 8(3), 81-84.

[8]. Prathibha, M., Gupta, M. S., & Naidu, S. (2015). CFD Analysis on a Different Advanced Rocket Nozzles. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 4(6), 14-22.

[9]. Roy, P., Mondal, A., & Barai, B. (2016). CFD Analysis of Rocket Engine Nozzle. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 3(1), 39-46.

[10]. Sreenath, K. R., & Mubarak, A. K. (2016). Design and analysis of contour bell nozzle and comparison with dual bell nozzle. International Journal of Research and Engineering, 3(6), 52-56.

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Research Paper

Effect of Sliding Speed on Tribological Behaviour of Heat Treated Hypoeutectic Al-7Si Alloy and Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

Viswanatha B. M.* , Prasanna Kumar M., Basavarajappa S.*, Kiran T. S.****

, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalpataru Institute of Technology, Tiptur, Karnataka, India.

Department of Studies, University BDT College of Engineering, Davanagere, Karnataka, India.

IIT-Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Viswanatha, B. M., Kumar, M. P., Basavarajappa, S., and Kiran, T. S. (2022). Effect of Sliding Speed on Tribological Behaviour of Heat Treated Hypoeutectic AL-7SI Alloy and Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18395

Abstract

In the present paper, effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of as-cast and heat treated hypoeutectic Al-7Si alloy and hybrid metal matrix composites have been investigated. Aluminium is used as matrix and Silicon Carbide (SiC) and graphite (Gr) particles are used as reinforcements. The proposed Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites (AMMCs) was fabricated by stir-cast method. Aluminium A356 matrix and reinforcements of SiCp was varied from 0 to 9% by weights in steps of 3%, and addition of fixed quantity of 3% by weight of Gr particles. The castings were machined as per ASTM standard and T6-heat-treatment was carried out. Specimens were aged at different durations from 3 to 12 hrs in steps of 3 hrs at a temperature of 155 ºC. The pin-on-disc wear testing machine was employed to evaluate the wear rate of the composites. As per the results, addition of reinforcement and aged at T6-9 hrs shows most wear resistance in all sliding tests. The increase in sliding speed with increase of wear rate was observed. The wear tested samples were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) and analysed.

References

[1]. Akhlaghi, F., & Zare-Bidaki, A. (2009). Influence of graphite content on the dry sliding and oil impregnated sliding wear behavior of Al 2024–graphite composites produced by in situ powder metallurgy method. Wear, 266(1- 2), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2008.05.013

[2]. Basavarajappa, S., Chandramohan, G., Mahadevan, A., Thangavelu, M., Subramanian, R., & Gopalakrishnan, P. (2007). Influence of sliding speed on the dry sliding wear behaviour and the subsurface deformation on hybrid metal matrix composite. Wear, 262(7-8), 1007-1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2006.10.016

[3]. Basavarajappa, S., Chandramohan, G., Mukund, K., Ashwin, M., & Prabu, M. (2006). Dry sliding wear behavior of Al 2219/SiCp-Gr hybrid metal matrix composites. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 15(6), 668-674. https://doi.org/10.1361/105994906X150803

[4]. Benal, M. M., & Shivanand, H. K. (2007). Effects of reinforcements content and ageing durations on wear characteristics of Al (6061) based hybrid composites. Wear, 262(5-6), 759-763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2006.08. 022

[5]. Bindumadhavan, P. N., Chia, T. K., Chandrasekaran, M., Wah, H. K., Lam, L. N., & Prabhakar, O. (2001). Effect of particle-porosity clusters on tribological behavior of cast aluminum alloy A356-SiCp metal matrix composites. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 315(1-2), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01989-4

[6]. Constantin, V., Scheed, L., & Masounave, J. (1999). Sliding wear of aluminum-silicon carbide metal matrix composites. ASME Journal of Tribology, 121(4), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2834136

[7]. De Salazar, J. G., & Barrena, M. I. (2004). Influence of heat treatments on the wear behaviour of an AA6092/SiC25p composite. Wear, 256(3-4), 286-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00389-2

[8]. Deuis, R. L., Subramanian, C., & Yellup, J. M. (1997). Dry sliding wear of aluminium composites: A review. Composites Science and Technology, 57(4), 415-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(96)00167-4

[9]. Guo, J., & Yuan, X. (2009). The aging behavior of SiC/Gr/6013Al composite in T4 and T6 treatments. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 499(1-2), 212-214. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.142

[10]. Guo, M. T., & Tsao, C. Y. (2000). Tribological behavior of self-lubricating aluminium/SiC/graphite hybrid composites synthesized by the semi-solid powderdensification method. Composites Science and Technology, 60(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266- 3538(99)00106-2

[11]. Lin, C. B., Chang, R. J., & Weng, W. P. (1998). A study on process and tribological behavior of Al alloy/Gr(p) composite. Wear, 217(2), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00192-6

[12]. Liu, Y. B., Hu, J. D., Cao, Z. Y., & Rohatgi, P. K. (1997). Wear resistance of laser processed Al–Si–graphitep composites. Wear, 206(1-2), 83-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07496-0

[13]. Rohatgi, P. K. (1993). Metal matrix composites. Defence Science Journal, 43(4), 323-349. https://doi.org/10.14429/DSJ.43.4336

[14]. Sahin, Y. (2007). Tribological behaviour of metal matrix and its composite. Materials & Design, 28(4), 1348-1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.01.032

[15]. Sannino, A. P., & Rack, H. J. (1995). Dry sliding wear of discontinuously reinforced aluminum composites: Review and discussion. Wear, 189(1-2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(95)06657-8

[16]. Surappa, M. K., Prasad, S. V., & Rohatgi, P. K. (1982). Wear and abrasion of cast Al-alumina particle composites. Wear, 77(3), 295-302.

[17]. Tjong, S. C., Wu, S. Q., & Liao, H. C. (1998). Wear behaviour of an Al–12% Si alloy reinforced with a low volume fraction of SiC particles. Composites Science and Technology, 57(12), 1551-1558. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(97)00074-2

[18]. Wilson, S., & Alpas, A. T. (1996). Effect of temperature on the sliding wear performance of Al alloys and Al matrix composites. Wear, 196(1-2), 270-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(96)06923-2

[19]. Wilson, S., & Alpas, A. T. (1997). Wear mechanism maps for metal matrix composites. Wear, 212(1), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00142-7

[20]. Zhang, S., & Wang, F. (2007). Comparison of friction and wear performances of brake material dry sliding against two aluminum matrix composites reinforced with different SiC particles. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 182(1-3), 122-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2006.07.018

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Research Paper

Design of Pipe-Inspection Robot for Pipeline Systems

Ashok Rajan*

Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Rajan, A. (2022). Design of Pipe-Inspection Robot for Pipeline Systems. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 21-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18270

Abstract

A Wheel based pipe inspection robot is designed for examining 300 mm to 400 mm diameter pipes which is mostly used in chemical and food industries. The fundamental point of this plan is to perform vertical slithering, autonomous multi elbow turning and support free and viable financial model. Planned robot consists of two significant modules, upper and lower module. Upper and lower course of action have three design wheel with straightforward scissor system for wheel extension. These two modules are associated by spring (compressive) to accomplish wheel extension and adaptable elbow turning. Full plan is done in solid works programming. Accordingly the robot configuration turns out great in vertical development and complex elbow turning.

References

[1]. Choi, H. R., & Ryew, S. M. (2002). Robotic system with active steering capability for internal inspection of urban gas pipelines. Mechatronics, 12(5), 713-736. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0957-4158(01)00022-8

[2]. Harish, P., & Venkateswarlu, V. (2013). Design and motion planning of indoor pipeline inspection robot. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 3(7), 41-47.

[3]. Horose, S., Ohno, H., Mitsue, T., & Suyama, K. (1999, May). Design of in-pipe inspection vehicles for φ25, φ50, φ150 pipes. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference of Robotics and Automation (pp. 2309-2314).

[4]. Kim, D. W., Park, C. H., Kim, H. K., & Kim, S. B. (2009, August). Force adjustment of an active pipe inspection robot. In 2009, ICCAS-SICE (pp. 3792-3797). IEEE.

[5]. Okamoto Jr, J., Adamowski, J. C., Tsuzuki, M. S., Buiochi, F., & Camerini, C. S. (1999). Autonomous system for oil pipelines inspection. Mechatronics, 9(7), 731-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4158(99)00031-8

[6]. Park, J., Kim, T., & Yang, H. (2009, April). Development of an actively adaptable in-pipe robot. In 2009, IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMECH.2009.4957174

[7]. Roh, S. G., & Choi, H. (2002, May). Strategy for navigation inside pipelines with differential-drive inpipe robot. In 2002, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No. 02CH37292) (Vol. 3, pp. 2575-2580). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2002. 1013619

[8]. Roh, S. G., & Choi, H. R. (2005). Differential-drive in-pipe robot for moving inside urban gas pipelines. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 21(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10. 1109/TRO.2004.838000

[9]. Suzumori, K., Miyagawa, T., Kimura, M., & Hasegawa, Y. (1999). Micro inspection robot for 1-in pipes. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 4(3), 286-292. https://doi. org/10.1109/3516.789686

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Research Paper

Torsional Analysis of Open Thin-Walled Doubly Symmetric Beams under Torsion and Bimoment

Mohammed Ali Hjaji* , Hasan Mehdi Nagiar, Ezedine Giuma Allaboudi*, Muftah Mohamed Krer****

*-**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tripoli, Libya.

Hjaji, M. A., Nagiar, H. M., Allaboudi, E. G., and Krer, M. M. (2022). Torsional Analysis of Open Thin-Walled Doubly Symmetric Beams under Torsion and Bimoment. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18347

Abstract

The present paper investigated the static analysis for the coupled torsional-warping response of open thin-walled doubly symmetric beams subjected to various twisting moments and bimoments. The static equilibrium torsional-warping coupling differential equations and associated boundary conditions for the thin-walled beams are derived using total potential energy variational principle. The exact closed-form solutions for the beams having a cantilever, simply-supported, fixed-fixed and fixed-fork boundary conditions and under various torsional and warping moments are determined. The present solution is shown to successfully capture the coupled torsional-warping static response of the thin-walled beams with various boundary conditions and by excluding and including axial static force effects. The validity and the accuracy of the numerical results based on the present solution are accomplished throughout the numerical examples presented and compared with well-established ABAQUS finite beam model solution and other exact solution available in the literature.

References

[1]. Back, S. Y., & Will, K. M. (1998). A shear–flexible element with warping for thin-walled open beams. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 43(7), 1173-1191. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207 (19981215)43:7<1173::AID-NME340>3.0.CO;2-4

[2]. Campanile, A., Mandarino, M., & Piscopo, V. (2009). On the exact solution of non-uniform torsion for beams with asymmetric cross section. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 3(7), 46-53.

[3]. El Fatmi, R. (2007a). Non-uniform warping including the effects of torsion and shear forces. Part I: A general beam theory. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 44(18-19), 5912-5929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr. 2007.02.006

[4]. El Fatmi, R. (2007b). Non-uniform warping including the effects of torsion and shear forces. Part II: Analytical and numerical applications. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 44(18-19), 5930-5952. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijsolstr.2007.02.005

[5]. Erkmen, R. E., & Mohareb, M. (2006). Torsion analysis of thin-walled beams including shear deformation effects. Thin-Walled Structures, 44(10), 1096-1108. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.tws.2006.10.012

[6]. Gjelsvik, A. (1981). The Theory of Thin-Walled Bars. New York, Wiley.

[7]. Kim, N. I., & Kim, M. Y. (2005). Exact dynamic/static stiffness matrices of non-symmetric thin-walled beams considering coupled shear deformation effects. Thin- Walled Structures, 43(5), 701-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.tws.2005.01.004

[8]. Mohareb, M., & Nowzartash, F. (2003). Exact finite element for nonuniform torsion of open sections. Journal of Structural Engineering, 129(2), 215-223. https://doi.org/10. 1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:2(215)

[9]. Mokos, V. G., & Sapountzakis, E. J. (2011). Secondary torsional moment deformation effect by BEM. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 53(10), 897-909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2011.08.001

[10]. Nguyen, T. C., Tang, V. L., Nguyen, T. S., Nguyen, Q. T., & Huynh, T. P. (2019, November). Analysis of Thin-Walled Bars Stress State with an Open Section. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 661(1), 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/661/1/012011

[11]. Pavazza, R. (2005). Torsion of thin-walled beams of open cross-section with influence of shear. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 47(7), 1099-1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2005.02.007

[12]. Pavazza, R., Matoković, A., & Plazibat, B. (2013). Bending of thin-walled beams of symmetrical open crosssections with influence of shear. Transactions of FAMENA, 37(3), 17-30.

[13]. Sapountzakis, E. J. (2013). Bars under torsional loading: A generalized beam theory approach. International Scholarly Research Notices, 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/916581

[14]. Sapountzakis, E. J., & Mokos, V. G. (2003). Warping shear stresses in nonuniform torsion by BEM. Computational Mechanics, 30(2), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00466-002-0373-4

[15]. Seaburg, P. A., & Carter, C. J. (1997). Torsional Analysis of Structural Steel Members. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Chicago.

[16]. Timoshenko, S. P., & Gere J. M. (1961). Theory of Elastic Stability (2^nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

[17]. Vlasov, V. Z. (1961). Thin-Walled Elastic Beams. Israel Program for Scientific Translation, Israel.

[18]. Wang, Z. Q., Zhao, J. C., Zhang, D. X., & Gong, J. H. (2012). Restrained torsion of open thin-walled beams including shear deformation effects. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 13(4), 260-273. https://doi.org/10. 1631/jzus.A1100149

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Research Paper

Dynamic Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Green Roofing in Buildings

Malik F. Elmzughi* , Zuhaira M. Alhafi**

*-** Department Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.

Elmzughi, M. F., and Alhafi, Z. M. (2022). Dynamic Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Green Roofing in Buildings. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18539

Abstract

Enhancing energy efficiency and performance of the buildings and improving the air quality are acquisition during the cooling and heating seasons. According to the 2010 report by General Electricity Company of Libya, electrical energy consumption by residential sector account for approximately 39% of total demand in Libya. The green roof technologies in buildings are one of the main methods for using energy economically and reducing CO₂emission. The economic parameters such as the vegetation thickness and its thermal conductivity for the green roof, the electrical energy cost, coefficient of performance and EER all affect CO₂ emission and total cost of the buildings. This study focuses on the impact of these parameters on the application of green roofs as well as degerming the optimum vegetation thickness and thermal conductivity of vegetation layer. Tripoli's degree days were used as one of methods to achieve these calculations or the results. The green roof and mathematical models were performed to find energy savings, and payback, and CO₂ reductions. This study focuses on investigating these parameters that affect the green roof for external building based on life-cycle cost analysis (an economic model). As a result, the total cost increased from 6.7 to 23.05 $/m²; while CO₂ emission decreased from 2.5 to 1.52 kg/m²/years with increasing the electricity costs which includes the effects of Interest rate on CO₂ emission and total cost. Total cost decreased from 16.7 to 14.9 $/m²; while CO₂ emission increased from 1.85 to 1.94 kg/m²/years with increasing the Interest. An increase in COP (Coefficient of Performance) and EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) causes the CO₂ emission to decrease from 2.2 to 1.51 kg/m²/years and from 2.08 to 1.37 kg/m²/year and total cost to decrease from 18.3 to 12.9 $/m² and from 17.4 to 11.76 $/m². The total cost and CO₂ emission are increased from 13.7 to 16.5 $/m² and from 0.34 to 1.74 kg/m²/years with increasing the thermal conductivity of vegetation. And the effects of degree day on CO₂ emission and total cost, the total cost and CO₂ emission are decreased from 18.6 to 14.67 $/m² and from 2.45 to 1.55 kg/m²/years with increasing the degree day.

References

[1]. Banting, D., Doshi, H., Li, J., Missios, P., Au, A., Currie, B. A., & Verrati, M. (2005). Report on the environmental benefits and costs of green roof technology for the city of Toronto. Department of Architectural Science, Ryerson University,Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved from https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70526/1/MPRA_ paper_70526.pdf

[2]. Bilec, M., Ries, R., Matthews, H. S., & Sharrard, A. L. (2006). Example of a hybrid life-cycle assessment of construction processes. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 12(4), 207-215.

[3]. Castleton, H. F., Stovin, V., Beck, S. B., & Davison, J. B. (2010). Green roofs; building energy savings and the potential for retrofit. Energy and Buildings, 42(10), 1582- 1591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.05.004

[4]. Dombaycı, Ö. A. (2007). The environmental impact of optimum insulation thickness for external walls of buildings. Building and Environment, 42(11), 3855-3859.

[5]. Eddenjal, A. S. (2015). Dust/Sand Storms over Libya: Spatial Distribution, Frequency and Seasonality. Libyan National Meteorological Center, Tripoli, Libya, (pp. 1-19).

[6]. Fioretti, R., Palla, A., Lanza, L. G., & Principi, P. (2010). Green roof energy and water related performance in the Mediterranean climate. Building and Environment, 45(8), 1890-1904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010. 03.001

[7]. GECOL. (2010). Annual Report: Statistics. General Electricity Company of Libya, Tripoli.

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i-manager's Journal on Mechanical Engineering (JME)

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Volume 12 Issue 1 November - January 2022

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Dynamic Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Green Roofing in Buildings

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