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i-manager's Journal on Pattern Recognition (JPR)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 1

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 2 June - August 2016

Research Paper

Development Of Bangla Character Recognition System Using (Correlation and Cross-Correlation) Matlab

MD. Al-Amin* , Sajal Sarkar**

* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh.

** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh.

Al-Amin, M. D., and Sarkar, S. (2016). Development of Bangla Character Recognition System Using (Correlation & Cross-Correlation) Matlab. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8262

Abstract

Character recognition techniques, associate a symbolic identity with the image of the character, is an important area in pattern recognition and image processing. The principal idea is to convert raw images (scanned from document, typed, pictured, et cetera) into editable text like html, doc, txt or other formats. There is a very limited number of Bangla Character recognition system, if available they can't recognize the whole alphabet set. This paper demonstrates a Character Recognition system from printed Bangla characters using MATLAB. It can also compare the character in one image file to another one. Processing steps here involved binarization, noise removal and segmentation in various levels, features extraction and recognition [1].

References

[1]. MATLAB, Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.

[2]. MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox. Retrieved from https://nf.nci.org.au/facilities/software/Matlab/toolbox/ images/

[3]. OCR, Binary Image, Image Segmentation, Feature- Extraction, Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.

[4]. Cross-correlation. Retrieved from http: //www.math works.com/help/ images/ref/corr2.html

[5]. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, and Setven L. Eddins, (2009). Digital Image Processing using MATLAB, 2^nd Edition. Gatesmark Publishing, LLC.

[6]. Samiur Rahman Arif, (2007). Bengali Character Recognition using Feature Extraction. (Doctoral Dissertation) BRAC University.

[7]. Amin Ahsan Ali, and Syed Monowar Hossain, (2003). “Optical Bangla Digit Recognition using Back Propagation Neural Networks”. (Project Work), Department of Computer Science, University of Dhaka.

[8]. Sandeep Tiwari, Shivangi Mishra, Priyank Bhatia, and Praveen Km. Yadav, (2013). “Optical Character Recognition using MATLAB”. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and Communication Engineering (IJARECE), Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 579-582.

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Research Paper

Non-proliferative Diabetes Retinopathy Images Classification Task in Healthcare

Sabibullah Mohamed Hanifa*

*Associate Professor & Dean, Department of Computer Science, Sudharsan College of Arts & Science, Pudukkottai, Tamilnadu, India.

Hanifa, S. M. (2016). Non-proliferative Diabetes Retinopathy Images Classification Task in Healthcare. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8263

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder gets great high impact on human life in recent years. The WHO has estimated that the number of diabetes in the world by 2025 may reach up to 60 million and India's contribution would be 30 million. Recent report says that one fifth of Asian countries, most lives are lost due to non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease, Cancer and Diabetes. Preventing the disease of diabetes is an ongoing area of interest to the healthcare community. Long term complications of DM patients' includes; Retinopathy (Disease affecting human eye/ retina), Neuropathy (Neuro-deficit problems/Nerve Damages), Nephropathy (Chronic kidney failure), Gastropathy, Cardiovascular disease (Heart attack), Cerebrovascular disease (Parkinson's disease, Stroke), Foot ulcers and Premature death. Diabetes Retinopathy (DR) is retinopathy, it only affects people who have had diabetes for a long time period and can result in blindness/loss of vision. The sight-threatening stages of DR can be broadly classified as Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR), and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR). This study presents the DR patients' prevention and detecting the retinal images in early stages, can be treated more easily and clinically. A study by Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR's) INDIAB (India Diabetes) confirmed that one out of 10 people in Tamilnadu are diabetic, and every two adults in a group of 25 are in the pre-diabetic stage. From this study, it is mandatory on clinical research to screen the diabetes patients in the line of retinopathy. MATLAB – classifier predicts the high accuracy level of retinal images classification out of three stages in non-proliferative retinopathy.

References

[1]. Seema Abhijeet Kaveeshwar, and Jon Cornwall, (2014). “The Current State of Diabetes Mellitus in India”. Australas Med. Jr., Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 45-48.

[2]. Kounteya Sinha, (2011). India’s Diabetes Burden to Cross 100 Million by 2030. The Times of India.

[3]. A.D. Fleming, K.A. Goatman, and J.A. Olson, (2010). “The role of exudates and hemorrhage detection in automated grading of diabetic retinopathy”. British Journal of Ophthalmology, Vol. 94, No. 6, pp. 706-711.

[4]. Hipwell J.H, Strachan F, Olson J.A, McHardy K.C, Sharp P.F, and Forrester J.V, (2000). “Automated detection of micro-aneurysms in digital red-free photographs: A diabetic retinopathy screening tool”. Diabet Med, Vol. 17, pp. 588–594.

[5]. Lee S, Lee E, Kingsley R, Wang Y, Russell D, and Klein R, (2001). “Comparison of diagnosis of early retinal lesions of diabetic retinopathy between a computer and human experts”. Arch. Ophthalmol, Vol. 119, pp. 509–515.

[6]. Sinthanayothin C, Boyce J.F, Williamson T.H, Cook H.L, Mensah E, and Lal S, (2002). “Automated detection of diabetic retinopathy on digital fundus image”. Journal Diabet Med, Vol. 19, No. 105–112.

[7]. Niemeijer M, Van Ginneken B, Staal J, Suttorp- Schulten M.S, and Abramoff M.D, (2005). “Automatic detection of red lesions in digital color fundus photographs”. IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., Vol. 24, pp. 584–592.

[8]. Usher D, Dumskyj M, Himaga M, Williamson T.H, Nussey S, and Boyce J, (2004). “Automated detection of diabetic retinopathy in digital retinal images: A tool for diabetic retinopathy screening”. Diabet Med, Vol. 21, pp. 84–90.

[9] Huiqi, Li., and Chutatape, O, (2003). “A model-based approach for automated feature extraction in fundus images”. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp. 394-399.

[10] Goh K.G., Hsu, W., Li Lee, Wang, H. and Adris, (2001). An Automatic Diabetic Retinal Image Screening System. Medical DM&KD, Krzysztof, J.C., Editor. Physica-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 181-210.

[11]. Ege, B.M., Hejlese, O.K., Larsen, O.V., Moller, K., Jennings, B., Kerr, D., and Cavan, D.A., (2000). “Screening for diabeticretinopathy using computer based image analysis and statistical classification”. Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed., Vol. 62, pp. 165-175.

[12]. B. Kande, S.S. Tirumala, and P.V. Subbaiah, (2010). “Automatic detection of micro-aneur ysms and haemorrhages in digital fundus images”. Journal of Digital Imaging, pp. 430-437.

[13]. B.Kande, S.S. Tirumala, P.V. Subbaiah, and M.R. Tagore, (2009). “Detection of red lesions in digital fundus images”. In Proc. ISBI, pp. 558-561.

[14]. STARE: Structured Analysis of the Retina. [Online], Available: http://www.ces.c1emson.edu-ahoover/STARE

[15]. DIARETDB1: Diabetic Retinopathy Database and Evlauation Protocol. Retrieved from http://www2.it\ut .fi/projectlimageret/

[16]. L. Tang, M. Niemeijer and M. Abramoff, (2013). “Splat feature classification: Detection of the presence of large retinal heamorrhages”. Proc. IEEE 8^th Int. Symp. Biomed. Imaging (ISBI), pp. 681-684.

[17]. MESSIDOR: Methods to Evaluate Segmentation and Indexing Techniques in the Field of Retinal Ophthalmology. Techno-vision Project. Retrieved from http:// www. messidor.crihan.fr/

[18]. Bob Zang, Xiangqian Wu, Jane You, Qin Li, and FakhriKarray, (2010). “Detection of micro-aneurysms using Multi-scale correlation co-efficient”. Elsevier, Pattern Recognition, pp. 2237-2248.

[19]. ROC (Retinopathy Online Challenge). Retrieved from http://roc.healthcare.uiowa.edu

[20]. Akara Sopharak, Mathew N. Dailey, Bunyarit Uyyanonvara, Sarah Barman, Tom Williamson, and Yin Aye Moe, (2011). “Machine Learning approach to automatic Exudates detection in retinal images from diabetic patients”. Journal of Modern Optics, Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 124-135.

[21]. C.I. Sanchez, R. Hornero, M.I. Lopez, and J. Poza, (2004). “Retinal Image Analysis to Detect and Quantify Lesions Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy”. Proc. 26^th IEEE Annual International Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Vol. 3, pp. 1624–1627.

[22]. Sabibullah M, (2012). “Prognostic Neural Network model for diabetic risks prediction”. Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Science, Engineering and Technology, pp. 392-395.

[23]. Sabibullah M, Shanmugasundaram V, and Raja Priya K, (2013). “Diabetes Patient's Risk through Soft Computing Model”. International Journal of Emerging Trends & Tech. in Comp. Sci. (IJETTS), Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 61- 65.

[24]. Sabibullah M, and Kashmir Raja S.V, (2010). “Prediction of stoke risk through stacked topology of ANN model”. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 170-177.

[25]. Sabibullah M, and Kashmir Raja S.V, (2010). “Stroke risk prediction through Non-linear Support Vector Classification Models”. International Journal of Advanced research in Computer Science, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 47-53.

[26]. Sabibullah M, and Kashmir Raja S.V, (2009). “A study on cerebrovascular disease risk factor prediction through fuzzy inference system”. International Journal of System Simulation, Vol. No. 1, pp. 15-23.

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Research Paper

A Comparative study of Image Contrast Enhancement using Gray-Scale Morphology

R. Thriveni* , T. Ramashri**

* Associate Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aditya College of Engineering, Chittoor, A.P, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SVUCE, Tirupati, A.P, India.

Thriveni, R., and Ramashri, T. (2016). A Comparative study of Image Contrast Enhancement using Gray-Scale Morphology. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8264

Abstract

The image enhancement techniques have become an important pre-processing tool for digital vision processing applications, where one of the most common degradations in images is their poor contrast quality. This suggests the use of contrast enhancement methods as an attempt to modify the intensity distribution of the image. The main objective of this paper is the analysis of mathematical morphological approach with comparison to various other state-of-art techniques for addressing the problems of low contrast in images. A technique used for contrast enhancement is the combined use of the top-hat bottom-hat transforms and logical operations. Histogram Equalization (HE) is one of the common methods used for improving contrast in digital images. This method is simple and effective for global contrast enhancement of images, but it suffers from some drawbacks. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) enhances the local contrast of the images without the amplification of the noise. The proposed technique is best while compared qualitatively and quantitatively with existing technique.

References

[1]. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, (2002). Digital Image Processing. Prentice Hall.

[2]. E.R. Dougherty, (1994). An Introduction to Nonlinear Image Processing, SPIE Press.

[3]. Geert Uytterhoeven, Dirk Roose, and Adhemar Bultheel (1999). “Integer Wavelet Transforms using the Lifting Scheme”. CSCC'99 Proceedings, Vol. 1, pp. 6251- 6253.

[4]. Hasan Demirel, and Gholamreza Anbarjafari, (2011a). “Discrete Wavelet Transform-Based Satellite Image Resolution Enhancement”. IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing.

[5]. Hasan Demirel, and Gholamreza Anbarjafari, (2011b). “Image Resolution Enhancement by Using Discrete and Stationary Wavelet Decomposition”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 20, No. 5.

[6]. A. Temizel, and T. Vlachos, (2005). “Image resolution up scaling using directional cycle spinning”. Imaging, Vol. 14.

[7]. Kaur M, Kaur J, and Kaur J, (2011). “Survey of Contrast Enhancement Techniques based on Histogram Equalization”. IJASA, Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 137-141.

[8]. Ruberto C.D, Dempster A.G, Khan S, and Jarra B, (2000). “Segmentation of blood images using morphological operators”. International Conference on Pattern Recognition, IEEE Barcelona, Spain, pp. 397-400.

[9]. Stojic T, Reljin I., and Reljin I., (2005). “Local Contrast Enhancement of Digital Mammography by using Mathematical Morphology ”. IEEE, International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, ISSCS 2005, pp. 609-612.

[10]. Sun K, and Sang N, (2007). “Enhancement of Vascular Angiogram by Multiscale Morphology”. IEEE, The 1st International Conference on Bioinfromatics and Economical Engineering 2007, ICBBE 2007. pp. 1311-1313.

[11]. Wei Z, Hua Y., (2007). “X-ray Image Enhancement Based on Multiscale Morphology ”. IEEE, The 1st International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, 2007. ICBBE 2002, pp. 702-705.

[12]. Wenzhong Y, (2009). “Mathematical Morphology Based Enhancemnet for Chromosome Images”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, pp. 1-3.

[13]. Wirth M, Fraschini M, Lyon J, (2004). “Contrast Enhancement of micro calcifications in mammograms using morphological enhancement and non-flat th structuring elements”. Proceedings of the 17 IEEE Symposium on Computer-based Medical Systems.

[14]. Zadorozony A, and Zhang H, (2009). “Contrast Enhancement using Morphological Scale Space”. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics, pp. 804-80.

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Research Paper

Speeded Up Robust Factor for Tongue Biometrics- Person Identification Method

Vibhooti Markandey*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Shrishankaracharya Group of Institutions, Shrishankaracharya Technical Campus, Junwani, Bhilai (C.G.), India.

Markandey, V. (2016). Speeded Up Robust Factor for Tongue Biometrics- Person Identification Method. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8265

Abstract

Just like the uniqueness of physiological features of various biometric modalities, Tongue Print of a person possesses uniqueness in itself. Tongue print of every Human is different and unique. Besides being unique it the least manipulated organ that it enhances security for identification and authentication of a person, avoiding most of the forgery cases. This paper introduces the feature extraction and the methodology for the study of person identification using tongue print. Speeded Up Robust Factor (SURF) is used, which is a local invariant interest point detector and descriptor.

References

[1]. David Zhang, et al. (2010). “Dynamic Tongue Print: A Novel Biometric Identifier”. Pattern Recognition, Vol. 43, pp. 1071-1082.

[2]. Herbert Bay, et al. (2008). Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF), Preprint submitted to Elsevier.

[3]. S.Z. Li, and L. Juwei, (1999). “Face recognition using the nearest feature line method”. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Vol. 10, pp. 439–443.

[4]. A.F. Abate, M. Nappi, D. Riccio, and G. Sabatino, (2007). “2D and 3D face recognition: A survey”. Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 28, pp. 1885–1906.

[5]. J. Daugman, (2004). “How iris recognition works”. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, Vol. 14, pp. 21–30.

[6]. K.W. Bowyer, K. Hollingsworth, and P.J. Flynn, (2008). “Image understanding for iris biometrics: A survey”. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, Vol. 110, No. 2, pp. 281–307.

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[9]. Kuragano, T., Yamaguchi, A., and Furukawa, S., (2005). “A Method to Measure Foot Print Similarity for Gait Analysis”. IEEE Computer Society- 2005 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, and International Conference Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce (CIMCA-IAWIC'05).

[10]. V. Wan, and S. Renals, (2005). “Speaker verification using sequence discriminant support vector machines”. IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, Vol. 13, pp. 203–210.

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[12]. Zhi Liu, et al. (2007). “A Tongue-Print Image Database for Recognition”. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, Hong Kong, pp. 19-22.

[13]. Norman Poh, et al. (2010). “A multimodal biometrics test bed for quality-dependent, cost sensitive and clientspecific score-level fusion algorithm”. Pattern Recognition, Vol. 43, pp. 1094-1105.

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[17]. T. Kadir, and M. Brady, (2001). “Scale, saliency and image description”. IJCV, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 83-105.

[18]. D. Lowe, (2004). “Distinctive image features from scale-invariant key points, cascade altering approach”. IJCV, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 91-110.

[19]. H. Bay, T. Tuytelaars, and L. Van Gool, (2006). “SURF: Speeded up robust features”. European Conference on Computer Vision.

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Research Paper

FPGA Implementation of Super Resolution and Denoising of Magnetic Resonance Image Using Cubic Spline Interpolation

M. Satheesh* , Sabarinathan E., E. Manoj*

* Research Scholar, C.M.S. Group of Institutions, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, C.M.S. Group of Institutions, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

* UG Scholar, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, (Autonomous), Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.

Satheesh, M., Sabarinathan, E., and Manoj, E. (2016). FPGA Implementation of Super Resolution and Denoising of Magnetic Resonance Image Using Cubic Spline Interpolation. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 30-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8266

Abstract

Image processing is the emerging field where it is possible to increase or decrease the quality of image without affecting the required features or objects in the image for particular applications. It includes the fields of medical, astronomy, satellites, etc., particularly in the digital medical imaging technologies such as Computerized Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as well as combined modalities, e.g. SPECT/CT has revolutionized modern medicine. Resolutions of MRI medical images are very much intended for diagnosis and curing of physical and metabolic activities of the volume below the skin. Many image processing techniques for increasing the MRI image resolution are proposed which are not suitable for noise corrupted images. To provide solution for this, Super- Resolution techniques are introduced, all the Super-Resolution techniques are based on multiple images. After that, sparse representation techniques are proposed which are the single image super resolution methods, but it is based on the constructed databases, which require large computational tasks, and also it is a time consuming process. The proposed method contains only a single image which can be super resolved and denoised by the different techniques with increased PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) and also compromising SSIM (Structural Similarity) with better visibility objects in the MRI image.

References

[1]. Ali Gholipour, Judy Estroff, and, Simon Wareld, (2010). “Robust Super-Resolution Volume Reconstruction from Slice Acquisitions: Application to Fetal Brain MRI”. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 29, No. 10, pp. 1739-1758.

[2]. Bailey, P., Roach, E., Bailey, J., Hewlett, and Keijzers, (2007). “Development of a Cost-effective Modular SPECT/CT Scanner”. Eur. J. Nuclear Medical Molecular Images, Vol. 34, No. 9, pp. 1415–1426.

[3]. Ben-Eliezer, M., Irani, and Frydman, (2010). “Superresolved Spatially Encoded Single-scan 2D MRI”. Magnetic Resonance imaging, Vol. 63, No. 6, pp. 1594–1600.

[4]. Chih Hsing Lin, Jia Shiuan Tsai, and Ching Te Chiu, (2010). “Switching Bilateral Filter with a Texture/Noise Detector for Universal Noise Removal”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 19, No. 9, pp. 2307-2320.

[5]. Dinh-Hoan Trinh, Marie Luong, Françoise Dibos, Jean-Marie Rocchisani, Canh-Duong, Truong Q., and Nguyen, (2014). “Novel Example-Based Method for Super-Resolution and Denoising of Medical Images”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 1882-1895.

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[8]. Elad, and Aharon, (2006). “Image Denoising via Sparse and Redundant Representations over Learned Dictionaries”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 15, No. 12, pp. 3736–3745.

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i-manager's Journal on Pattern Recognition (JPR)

Current Issue Vol. 11 Issue 1

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 3 Issue 2 June - August 2016

Development Of Bangla Character Recognition System Using (Correlation and Cross-Correlation) Matlab

MD. Al-Amin* , Sajal Sarkar**

* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh. ** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh.

Al-Amin, M. D., and Sarkar, S. (2016). Development of Bangla Character Recognition System Using (Correlation & Cross-Correlation) Matlab. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8262

Abstract

References

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Non-proliferative Diabetes Retinopathy Images Classification Task in Healthcare

Sabibullah Mohamed Hanifa*

*Associate Professor & Dean, Department of Computer Science, Sudharsan College of Arts & Science, Pudukkottai, Tamilnadu, India.

Hanifa, S. M. (2016). Non-proliferative Diabetes Retinopathy Images Classification Task in Healthcare. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8263

Abstract

References

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A Comparative study of Image Contrast Enhancement using Gray-Scale Morphology

R. Thriveni* , T. Ramashri**

* Associate Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aditya College of Engineering, Chittoor, A.P, India. ** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SVUCE, Tirupati, A.P, India.

Thriveni, R., and Ramashri, T. (2016). A Comparative study of Image Contrast Enhancement using Gray-Scale Morphology. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8264

Abstract

References

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Speeded Up Robust Factor for Tongue Biometrics- Person Identification Method

Vibhooti Markandey*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Shrishankaracharya Group of Institutions, Shrishankaracharya Technical Campus, Junwani, Bhilai (C.G.), India.

Markandey, V. (2016). Speeded Up Robust Factor for Tongue Biometrics- Person Identification Method. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8265

Abstract

References

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FPGA Implementation of Super Resolution and Denoising of Magnetic Resonance Image Using Cubic Spline Interpolation

M. Satheesh* , Sabarinathan E.**, E. Manoj***

Satheesh, M., Sabarinathan, E., and Manoj, E. (2016). FPGA Implementation of Super Resolution and Denoising of Magnetic Resonance Image Using Cubic Spline Interpolation. i-manager’s Journal on Pattern Recognition, 3(2), 30-38. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpr.3.2.8266

Abstract

References

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* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh.

** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, National University, Bangladesh.

* Associate Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aditya College of Engineering, Chittoor, A.P, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SVUCE, Tirupati, A.P, India.

M. Satheesh* , Sabarinathan E., E. Manoj*