i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering (JPS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 1

Thermodynamic and Exergoeconomic Operation Optimization and Simulation of Steam Generation Solar Power Plant
Topology Transformation Approach for Optimal PMU Placement for Monitoring and Control of Power System
Performance Evaluation of Power System with HVDC Integration: Impact of SSSC and STATCOM on Power System Efficiency and Stability
Photovoltaic Systems: A Pollination-Based Optimization Approach for Critical Industrial Applications
Design of a Robust Controller for the Load Frequency Control of Interconnected Power System

Most Cited

Volume 7 Issue 3 August - October 2019

Research Paper

Production and use of Solid Recovered Fuel for a Resilient Solid Waste Management in Smart Cities-Eu Approach

Aaron * , Eva Miller, Jörg Maier*, Thomas Glorius**, Günter Scheffknecht*, Gajanan Sabnis****

- Department of Firing Systems, University of Stuttgart, Germany.

Department for Solid Recovered Fuel, REMONDIS Rheinland.

* Professor and Head of the Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology, University of Stuttgart, Germany.

**** Professional Engineer, Columbia, California, Maryland, US.

Fuller, A., Miller, E., Maier, J., Glorius, T., Scheffknecht, G., and Sabnis, G. (2019). Production and use of Solid Recovered Fuel for a Resilient Solid Waste Management in Smart Cities-Eu Approach. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 7(3), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jps.7.3.16882

Abstract

In support of the European Union's (EU) energy polices to increase the production of bioenergy, the production and use of Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) were researched within the European Union's 6 and 7 research and development framework programs. It was shown that the use of SRF, which are produced from non-hazardous wastes, are a viable option to reduce fossil CO emissions, protect natural resources, recover energy from low polluting wastes, reduce landfill 2 disposal, stimulate regional economies, etc. Thus, the use of high quality SRF, e.g., in cement kilns and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants, working according to the EU Waste Incineration Directive (WID), is considered a tool for a resilient solid waste management strategy in smart cities of the future. This could also include urban planning that has an infrastructure for use of SRF in waste-to-energy plants or in waste-to-cement plants. A quality management system in accordance with RAL-GZ 724 guarantees reliable and high qualities of the produced fuel. Adding online analysis technology multiplies available analytical information and helps to improve SRF-quality additionally. Thus, combustion of SRF in CHP-plants or co-processing of a high quality SRF in cement kilns in combination with recycling of valuable materials like Fe-/NF metals should be a viable concept to implement for any smart city, regardless of the population size and location, with slight modifications to suit local conditions.

References

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[3]. Del Zotto, L., Tallini, A., Di Simone, G., Molinari, G., & Cedola, L. (2015). Energy enhancement of solid recovered fuel within systems of conventional thermal power generation. Energy Procedia, 81, 319-338 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.102

[4]. Dunnu, G., Maier, J., Hilber, T., & Scheffknecht, G. (2009). Characterisation of large solid recovered fuel particles for direct co-firing in large PF power plants. Fuel, 88(12), 2403-2408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009. 03.004

[5]. Edo-Alcón, N., Gallardo, A., & Colomer-Mendoza, F. J. (2016). Characterization of SRF from MBT plants: Influence of the input waste and of the processing technologies. Fuel Processing Technology, 153, 19-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.07.028

[6]. Garg, A., Smith, R., Hill, D., Simms, N., & Pollard, S. (2007). Wastes as Co-Fuels: The Policy Framework for Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) in Europe, with UK Implications. Environmental Science & Technology, 41(14), 4868-4874. https://doi.org/10.1021/es062163e

[7]. Garg, A., Smith, R., Hill, D., Longhurst, P. J., Pollard, S. J. T., & Simms, N. J. (2009). An integrated appraisal of energy recovery options in the United Kingdom using solid recovered fuel derived from municipal solid waste. Waste Management, 29(8), 2289-2297. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.wasman.2009.03.031

[8]. Glorius, T. (2014). Production and use of Solid Recovered Fuels-developments and prospects. ZKG International (Deutsch_englische Ausgable. 1995), (9), 72-80. Retrieved from https://www.zkg.de/en/artikel/zkg_ Production_and_use_of_Solid_Recovered_Fuels_develo pments_and_prospects_2067888.html

[9]. Glorius, T. (2018). REMONDIS Rheinland: Secondary fuels from the region's waste. Unter Mitarbeit von EUFörderung. Expo Fortschrittsmotor Klimaschutz GmbH; KlimaExpo.NRW. Gelsenkirchen, Germany. Retrieved from http://exhibition.klimaexpo.nrw/projects-pioneers/sbserftstadt. html, zuletzt geprüft am 23.11.2019.

[10]. Hilber, T., Maier, J., Scheffknecht, G., Agraniotis, M., Grammelis, P., Kakaras, E., ... & Jong, M. D. (2007). Advantages and possibilities of solid recovered fuel cocombustion in the European energy sector. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 57(10), 1178- 1189. https://doi.org/10.3155/1047-3289.57.10.1178

[11]. Johansen, J. M., Aho, M., Paakkinen, K., Taipale, R., Egsgaard, H., Jakobsen, J. G., ... & Glarborg, P. (2013). Release of K, Cl, and S during combustion and cocombustion with wood of high-chlorine biomass in bench and pilot scale fuel beds. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 34(2), 2363-2372. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.proci.2012.07.025

[12]. Joshi, M. P.; Patil, S. B.; & Mourya, K. (2013). Solid Waste Management on Dumping Groand in Mumbai Region - A Study. In: International Journal of Computer Applications, S. 18-22.

[13]. Miller, B. G. (2011). Clean Coal Engineering Technology. Butterworth-Heinemann.

[14]. Miller, E., Fuller, A., Maier, J., Scheffknecht, G., & Glorius, T. (2014). Research into co-combustion on European level: RECOMBIO, FP7 Project. VGB Powertech, (11), S. 32-38.

[15]. Nasrullah, M., Vainikka, P., Hannula, J., Hurme, M., & Koskinen, J. (2015). Elemental balance of SRF production process: Solid recovered fuel produced from construction and demolition waste. Fuel, 159, 280-288. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.082

[16]. Nasrullah, M., Hurme, M., Oinas, P., Hannula, J., & Vainikka, P. (2017). Influence of input waste feedstock on solid recovered fuel production in a mechanical treatment plant. Fuel Processing Technology, 163, 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.03.034

[17]. Pamnani, A., & Srinivasarao, M. (2014). Municipal solid waste management in India: A review and some new results. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 5(2), 01-08.

[18]. Peters, B., & Smuła-Ostaszewska, J. (2012). Simultaneous prediction of potassium chloride and sulphur dioxide emissions during combustion of switchgrass. Fuel, 96, 29-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. fuel.2011.12.073

[19]. Rada, E. C., & Andreottola, G. (2012). RDF/SRF: Which perspective for its future in the EU. Waste Management, 6(32), 1059-1060. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.wasman.2012.02.017

[20]. Rada, E. C., & Ragazzi, M. (2014). Selective collection as a pretreatment for indirect solid recovered fuel generation. Waste Management, 34(2), 291-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.11.013

[21]. Rigamonti, L., Grosso, M., & Biganzoli, L. (2012). Environmental Assessment of Refuse-Derived Fuel Co- Combustion in a Coal-Fired Power Plant. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16(5), 748-760. https://doi.org/10. 1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00428.x.

[22]. Psomopoulos, C. S. (2014). Residue derived fuels as an alternative fuel for the Hellenic power generation sector and their potential for emissions reduction. AIMS Energy, 2(3), 321-341. https://doi.org/10.3934/energy. 2014.3.321

[23]. Spliethoff, H. (2010). Power Generation from Solid Fuels. Springer Science & Business Media.

[24]. Thiel, S., & Thomé-Kozmiensky, K. J. (2012). Cocombustion of solid recovered fuels in coal-fired power plants. Waste Management & Research, 30(4), 392-403. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X11427946

[25]. van Loo, S., & Koppejan, J. (2010). The Handbook of Biomass Combustion and Co-Firing. Earthscan.

[26]. Vounatsos, P., Agraniotis, M., Grammelis, P., Kakaras, E., Skiadi, O., & Zarmpoutis, T. (2015). Refuse-derived fuel classification in a mechanical-biological treatment plant and its valorization with techno-economic criteria. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(3), 1137-1146. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13762-014-0509-z

[27]. Wagland, S. T., Kilgallon, P., Coveney, R., Garg, A., Smith, R., Longhurst, P. J., ... & Simms, N. (2011). Comparison of coal/solid recovered fuel (SRF) with coal/refuse derived fuel (RDF) in a fluidised bed reactor. Waste Management, 31(6), 1176-1183. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.01.001

[28]. Zementwerke eV, V. D (Ed.) (2018). Environmental Data of the German Cement Industry 2017. Duesseldorf. Retrieved from https://www.vdz-online.de/fileadmin/ gruppen/vdz/3LiteraturRecherche/Umweltdaten/VDZ_Um weltdaten_2017_DE_EN.pdf, zuletzt geprüft am 24.01.2019.

[29]. Zheng, Y., Jensen, P. A., Jensen, A. D., Sander, B., & Junker, H. (2007). Ash transformation during co-firing coal and straw. Fuel, 86(7-8), 1008-1020. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.fuel.2006.10.008

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Research Paper

Protection of Wind-Farm Integrated Series Capacitor Compensated Three-Phase Transmission Line Using Daubechies-10 Wavelet Transform

Gaurav Kapoor*

Department of Electrical Engineering, Modi Institute of Technology, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

Kapoor, G. (2019). Protection of Wind-Farm Integrated Series Capacitor Compensated Three-Phase Transmission Line Using Daubechies-10 Wavelet Transform. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 7(3), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.26634/jps.7.3.16568

Abstract

This paper proposes a Daubechies-10 Wavelet Transform (Db-10 WT)-based fault recognition technique for Wind Farm Integrated Series Capacitor Compensated Three Phase Transmission Line (WFISCCTPTL). Though many techniques have been reported for shunt fault detection, the detection of converting faults, near-in relay faults, far-end relay faults, multiposition faults, faults around series capacitor bank, and varying the wind turbine units in WFISCCTPTL have not yet been reported. The proposed Db-10WT-based technique detects faults by using the fault currents recorded only at single end. The single sided captured fault currents of WFISCCTPTL are then decomposed using Db-10WT. Further, the Db-10 WT evaluates the amplitudes of detail coefficients. The fault factors such as fault location, resistance, and switching time of WFISCCTPTL are varied. It has been investigated that Db-10 WT can detect every type of faults very well. It has been discovered that Db-10 WT is robust to the variation in fault factors of WFISCCTPTL.

References

[1]. Chaitanya, B. K., Yadav, A., & Pazoki, M. (2018). Wide area monitoring and protection of microgrid with DGs using modular artificial neural networks. Neural Computing and Applications, 1-15. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s00521-018-3750-4

[2]. Kapoor, G. (2018). Detection of phase to phase faults and identification of faulty phases in series capacitor compensated six phase transmission line using the norm of Wavelet Transform. i-manager's Journal on Digital Signal Processing, 6(1), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/ jdp.6.1.15158

[3]. Kapoor, G. (2019a). Protection technique for series capacitor compensated three phase transmission line connected with distributed generation using discrete Walsh Hadamard transform. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 11(3), 1-10.

[4]. Kapoor, G. (2019b). Detection and classification of single line to ground boundary faults in a 138 kV six phase transmission line using Hilbert Huang transform. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 12(3), 28- 41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jee.12.3.15382

[5]. Kumar, D. & Bhowmik, P. S. (2018). Artificial neural network and phasor data-based islanding detection in smart grid. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 12(21), 5843-5850. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd. 2018.6299

[6]. Kumar, B., Yadav, A. & Pazoki, M. (2018). Impedance differential plane for fault detection and faulty phase identification of FACTS compensated transmission line. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 29(4), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/etep.2804

[7]. Mishra, P. K., & Yadav, A. (2019). Combined DFT and fuzzy based faulty phase selection and classification in a series compensated transmission line. Modelling and Simulation in Engineering (Hindawi), 1-18. https://doi. org/10.1155/2019/3467050

[8]. Padhy, S. K., Panigrahi, B. K., Ray, P. K., Satpathy, A. K., Nanda, R. P., & Nayak, A. (2018). Classification of faults in a transmission line using artificial neural network, In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology (ICIT) (pp.239-243).

[9]. Sahani, M. & Dash, P. K. (2019). Fault location estimation for series-compensated double-circuit transmission line using parameter optimized variational mode decomposition and weighted P-norm random vector functional link network. Applied Soft Computing Journal (Elsevier), 85, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. asoc.2019.105860

[10]. Swetapadma, S. & Yadav, A. (2018). An artificial neural network-based solution to locate the multilocation faults in double circuit series capacitor compensated transmission lines. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 28(4), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ etep.2517

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Research Paper

Hybrid Microgrid: Energy Management Under Different Loading Condition

Ruchi Verma* , Hemant Kumar Verma**

* Department of Electrical Engineering, Shri Shankracharya Technical Campus, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shri Shankracharya Technical Campus, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Verma, R., and Verma, H. K. (2019). Hybrid Microgrid: Energy Management Under Different Loading Condition. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 7(3), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.26634/jps.7.3.16778

Abstract

Microgrids have become very popular over the past decades due to increase in use of distributed energy sources. Microgrids can be very useful to provide power in rural areas. The power switch to control across the hybrid microgrid is a vital aspect to pick up benefits. There are various techniques anticipated to control the power flow; however, majority of these techniques make use of proportional integral controllers, but due to its drawback of slow response and difficulty to tune, several innovative methods have been developed, which eliminate the drawbacks of existing control solutions. One of them is the hill climbing power flow algorithm, which uses perturbations of the power angle and observation of change in active power. Yet, this method is applied in a simple system; thus to check its feasibility and synchronism with other controllers, a complex hybrid microgrid model is proposed. In this paper, a generalized model of hybrid microgrid, consist AC microgrid, DC microgrid and main grid, presented, which including hill climb power flow control algorithm to manage power sharing between AC and DC microgrids, and a generalized MATLAB function has been generated to manage power flow from main grid. Simulation results are presented with different loading conditions. The model is implemented and tested in MATLAB/Simulink®.

References

[1]. Guerrero, J. M., Vasquez, J. C., Matas, J., De Vicuña, L. G., & Castilla, M. (2010). Hierarchical control of droopcontrolled AC and DC microgrids - A general approach toward standardization. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(1), 158-172. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE. 2010.2066534

[2]. Gupta, A., Doolla, S., & Chatterjee, K. (2018). Hybrid AC–DC microgrid: Systematic evaluation of control strategies. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 9(4), 3830- 3843. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2727344

[3]. Jia, L., Zhu, Y., Du, S., & Wang, Y. (2018). Analysis of the transition between multiple operational modes for hybrid AC/DC microgrids. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 4(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES. 2016.01030

[4]. Khan, O., Acharya, S., Al Hosani, M., & El Moursi, M. S. (2017). Hill climbing power flow algorithm for hybrid DC/AC microgrids. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 33(7), 5532-5537. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017. 2779238

[5]. Liu, F., Kang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Duan, S. (2008, June). Comparison of P&O and hill climbing MPPT methods for rd grid-connected PV converter. In 2008 3^rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (pp. 804-807). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEA.2008.4582626

[6]. Ma, T., Cintuglu, M. H., & Mohammed, O. (2015, October). Control of hybrid AC/DC microgrid involving energy storage, renewable energy and pulsed loads. In 2015 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (pp. 1-8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2015.7356857

[7]. Mahmoud, M. S., Alyazidi, N. M., & Abouheaf, M. I. (2017). Adaptive intelligent techniques for microgrid control systems: A survey. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 90, 292-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.02.008

[8]. Ordono, A., Unamuno, E., Barrena, J. A., & Paniagua, J. (2019). Interlinking converters and their contribution to primary regulation: A review. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 111, 44-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.03.057

[9]. Sahoo, S. K., Sinha, A. K., & Kishore, N. K. (2017). Control techniques in AC, DC, and hybrid AC–DC microgrid: A review. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 6(2), 738-759. https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2017.2786588

[10]. Siad, S. B., Malkawi, A., Damm, G., Lopes, L., & Dol, L. G. (2019). Nonlinear control of a DC MicroGrid for the integration of distributed generation based on different time scales. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 111, 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijepes.2019.03.073

[11]. Suryad, V. A., Doolla, S., & Chandorkar, M. (2017). Microgrids in India: Possibilities and challenges. IEEE Electrification Magazine, 5(2), 47-55. https://doi.org/10. 1109/MELE.2017.2685880

[12]. Unamuno, E., & Barrena, J. A. (2015a). Hybrid ac/dc microgrids - Part I: Review and classification of topologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 1251- 1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.194

[13]. Unamuno, E., & Barrena, J. A. (2015b). Hybrid ac/dc microgrids - Part II: Review and classification of control strategies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 1123-1134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.186

[14]. Wang, P., Jin, C., Zhu, D., Tang, Y., Loh, P. C., & Choo, F. H. (2014). Distributed control for autonomous operation of a three-port AC/DC/DS hybrid microgrid. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 62(2), 1279-1290. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2014.2347913

[15]. Yoo, H. J., Nguyen, T. T., & Kim, H. M. (2019). Consensus-based distributed coordination control of hybrid AC/DC microgrids. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2019.2899119

[16]. Zhou, Q., Shahidehpour, M., Li, Z., & Xu, X. (2018). Two-layer control scheme for maintaining the frequency and the optimal economic operation of hybrid AC/DC microgrids. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 34(1), 64- 75. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2864285

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Research Paper

Performance Analysis Based on Stability Enhancement of SMIB System Using Harmony Search Optimization Technique

Nidhi Sahu* , Mahesh Singh, Shimpy Ralhan*

* PG Scholar, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SSTC, Bhilai (C.G.), India.

Sr. Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SSTC, Bhilai (C.G.), India.

* Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SSTC, Bhilai (C.G.), India.

Sahu, N., Singh, M., and Ralhan, S. (2019). Performance Analysis Based on Stability Enhancement of SMIB System Using Harmony Search Optimization Technique. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 7(3), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jps.7.3.16877

Abstract

Due to complex behaviour of power system networks, now-a-days systems are used in an interconnected rather than isolated form. In this paper, stability enhancement of SMIB (Single Machine Infinite Bus) is evaluated. The MATLAB is used as a simulink tool to examine the response of the system. The three main elements considered for the analysis of SMIB system are Synchronous Machine, Excitation System, and Power System Stabilizer (PSS). There are many control devices which are designed to minimize the low frequency oscillations, among them PSS is one of the effective control devices used frequently, which minimizes the oscillations of the system and maintains the stability. For performing the stability criteria, optimization technique is used. Harmony search optimization is preferred over Ant colony optimization and Genetic algorithm due to its fast rate of convergence.

References

[1]. Al-Hadabi, B., Al-Oissi, A., Al-Hinai, A., Al-Lawati, M., & Al-Lawati, A. (2007, April). Design and implementation of a power system stabilizer for power system dynamic stability enhancement. In Industrial Application of Energy Systems Conference (IAES'2007).

[2]. Al-Hinai, A. S., & Al-Hinai, S. M. (2009, January). Dynamic stability enhancement using particle swarm optimization power system stabilizer. In 2009 2nd International Conference on Adaptive Science & Technology (ICAST) (pp. 117-119). IEEE. https://doi.org/10. 1109/ICASTECH.2009.5409738

[3]. Ali, E. S. (2014). Optimization of power system stabilizers using BAT search algorithm. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 61, 683- 690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2014.04.007

[4]. Kasilingam, G. (2014). Particle swarm optimization based pid power system stabilizer for a synchronous machine. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 8(1), 111-116. https://doi.org/10. 5281/zenodo.1090613

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[6]. Maurya, A. K., Bongulwar, M. R., & Patre, B. M. (2015, December). Tuning of fractional order PID controller for higher order process based on ITAE minimization. In 2015 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/INDICON.2015.7443503

[7]. Padiyar, K. R. (1996). Power System Dynamics: Stability and Control. John Wiley.

[8]. Singh, M., Patel, R. N., & Jhapte, R. (2016, January). Performance comparison of optimized controller tuning techniques for voltage stability. In 2016 IEEE First International Conference on Control, Measurement and Instrumentation (CMI) (pp. 11-15). IEEE. https://doi.org/10. 1109/CMI.2016.7413701

[9]. Singh, M., Neema, D. D., & Patel, R. N. (2017). Improving Stability in Hydel Power System using Ant Colony Optimized Tuned Controller. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 11(2), 16-25. https://doi.org/10. 26634/jee.11.2.13851

[10]. Singh, M., Patel, R. N., & Neema, D. D. (2019). Robust tuning of excitation controller for stability enhancement using multi-objective metaheuristic Firefly algorithm. Swarm and evolutionary computation, 44, 136-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.swevo.2018.01.010

[11]. Stevenson, W. D. (1982). Elements of Power System Analysis (Vol. 4). McGraw-Hill.

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[13]. Theja, B. S., Rajasekhar, A., Kothari, D. P., & Das, S. (2013, April). Design of PID controller based power system stabilizer using Modified Philip-Heffron's model: An Artificial Bee Colony approach. In 2013 IEEE Symposium on Swarm Intelligence (SIS) (pp. 228-234). IEEE. https://doi.org/10. 1109/SIS.2013.6615183

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Case Study

Evaluating Rooftop Solar Photo - Voltaic Potential of Existing High Rise Residential Buildings in Pune

Sonali Indalkar* , Prajakta Dalal Kulkarni , Sujata Karve*, Namrata Dhamankar****

*-**** Department of Environmental Architecture, Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Architecture, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Indalkar, S., Kulkarni, P. D., Karve, S., and Dhamankar, N. (2019). Evaluating Rooftop Solar Photo - Voltaic Potential of Existing High Rise Residential Buildings in Pune. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 7(3), 53-64. https://doi.org/10.26634/jps.7.3.16871

Abstract

In order to address the double-pronged challenge of energy security and climate change, it is important for India to tap into its renewable energy resources to replace fossil fuel generated energy that adversely impacts the environment, in terms of resource use and GHG , particularly CO emissions. Technologies that harness this renewable energy need to be 2 deployed at the points of consumption. Pune city in the heart of the state of Maharashtra faces rapid urbanization and a burgeoning demand for electricity. In fact, where energy consumption is concerned, the residential sector is the dominant sector amongst all others, consuming 40% of the total utility's supply. Of particular interest are high rise residential towers, which are expected to dominate the city's urban landscape in the near future. These account for a large energy demand, given the high density of tenements housed in a comparatively small building footprint. It is possible to supplement the energy consumption of these high rise residential buildings using renewable energy. With a low foot-fall, free space and good exposure to the sunlight, rooftops of these high rise residential buildings have potential for installing renewable energy systems like Solar Photo-Voltaics (SPV). This study aims to determine the rooftop SPV potential for a typical high rise residential building - 12 to 15 storeys with apartments for middle income group residents. Two complexes in Pune with 5 to 6 such buildings were studied for their electricity consumption and the potential of their rooftops to generate electricity from SPV systems towards meeting this consumption. Percentage of total energy demand of the apartment which can be supplemented with renewable energy was estimated. Payback calculations were done to assess the viability of capital investment in the RTPV systems. It was found that rooftops can meet 100% of the common electricity demand and generate revenue with a low payback period of 4 years.

References

[1]. Burgess, P. A., Vahdati, M. M., Davies, D. D., & Philip, S. K. (2011). Development of a virtual pyranometer for solar energy monitoring. TSBE Engineering Conference (pp. 1-8). TSBE Centre, University of Reading, Whiteknights.

[2]. Cho, S. W., & Kim, J. J. (2015). Zero energy potential of high-rise residential buildings. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 14(3), 641-648.

[3]. Datta, A. (2014). Development of Web-GIS tool for estimating the rooftop solar power potential for Indian solar cities. https://www.teriin.org/eventdocs/files/rooftopsolar- web-GIS-Tool-mar.pdf

[4]. Ekanem, O. D., & Onojo, J. O. (2017). Determination of yearly fixed optimal tilt angle for flat-plate photovoltaic modules based on perez transposition model. American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 6(3), 80-84.

[5]. EMPORIS. (n.d). India's tallest buildings - Top 20. Retrieved from https://www.emporis. com/statistics/tallestbuildings/ country/100060/india

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i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering (JPS)

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