i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

Current Issue Vol. 19 Issue 1

A Comparative Thermodynamic Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) and Kalina Cycle for Low-Grade Energy Resources
Exergy Efficiency and Exergy Destruction Assessment of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow through Spiral Passages using Source-Sink Model
Innovative Approach: Empowering Contextual Consulting in Industry 4.0 through a Hybrid Data Analytics Framework
Study of Corrosion and its Preventive Measures
Green Hydrogen Feasibility in Oman

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 4 May - July 2015

Research Paper

Modeling of Complex Rheological Fluids with Fractal Structures

Rakiz M. Sattarov* , Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov**

* Former Chief Scientist, Geo Technological Problems of Oil, Gas and Chemistry, Azerbaijan.

** Associate Professor, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, USA.

Sattarov, R. M., and Bakhtiyarov, S. I. (2015). Modeling of Complex Rheological Fluids with Fractal Structures. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3472

Abstract

The objective of this study is the development of an unsteady flow model of Rheologically complex fluid with fractal structure in various pipe geometries when the pressure is a harmonic function of time at a given frequency at the initial cross section of the pipe. The model was developed using scaling concepts in polymer physics. The obtained results show that the relaxation time and the fractal parameters can significantly influence the process of damping pressure along the pipe. It was demonstrated that depending on these parameters, the attenuation process may increase or decrease compared to the processes in a viscous damping fluid pressure. The results of simulations are compared to those for resin-asphalt-paraffin oils of two types produced in two oilfields.

References

[1]. De Gennes, P. (1979). “Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics”. Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London.

[2]. Mirzadzhanzade, A. KH.,Hasanov M. M., & Bakhtizin R, N.(1999). “Studies of Modelling of Complicated Systems in Oil Production”. Gilem Publishers, Ufa.

[3]. Hasanov M.M. (1994). J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 58(1), pp.110 - 115.

[4]. Sattarov R.M. (1993). J. Azerbaijan Oil Industry, Vol. 9: pp.13 - 18.

[5]. Gubin V.V., Pijadin M. M., & Skripnikov Y.V. (1973). “Proc. VNIISPT Oil”, Vol. XI, Ufa.

[6]. Mikhaylov N.V. (1995). Colloidal J., Vol.17(1), pp. 8-15.

[7]. Mukuk K. V. (1980). “Element of Hydraulics of Relaxing Anomalous Systems”. FAN Publishers, Tashkent.

[8]. Babenko Y. I. (1986). “Heat and Mass Transfer”. Chemistry Publishers, Leningrad.

[9]. Charniy I. A. (1975). “Unsteady Flow of Real Liquids in Pipes”. Nedra Publishers, Moscow.

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Research Paper

Box-Behnken Design for the Removal of Manganese From Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , Santosh Kumar G**

* Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

Krishna, D., and Kumar, S. (2015). Box-Behnken Design for the Removal of Manganese From Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3473

Abstract

The objective of the present work is to find out the Influence and optimization of parameters like initial Mn (Manganese) concentration (20-100 mg/l), pH (3-5), and biomass dosage (4-6g/l) of Mn (Manganese) biosorption using the design of experiments by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) in response surface methodology. A total of 15 experiments were conducted in the present investigation towards construction of an empirical model. The optimum conditions for maximum removal of Mn (Manganese) from an aqueous solution were as follows: biosorbent dosage (5.25027 g/l), pH (4.05967) and initial Mn (Manganese) concentration (20.0653 mg/l). At the optimized condition, the maximum Mn (Manganese) removal 2 was found to be 90.3692%. The high correlation coefficient (R =0.989) between the model and the experimental data showed that that the model was able to predict the removal of Mn (Manganese) from aqueous solution using Limonia acidissima hull powder efficiently.

References

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[2]. Alam, M.Z., Muyibi, S.A., Toramae, J. (2007). “statistical optimization of adsorption processes for removal of 2, 4-dichlorophenol by activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches”, J.Environ.Sci. Vol.19, pp. 674-677.

[3]. Celik, A., Demirabas, A. (2005). “Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions via adsorption onto modified lignin wastes”, Energy sources, Vol. 27, pp. 1167- 1177.

[4]. Chakravathi, A.K., Chowadary, S.B., Chakrabarty, S., Chakrabarty, T., Mukherjee, D.C. (1995). “Liquid membrane multiple emulsion process of chromium (VI) separation from waste waters”, Colloids,Surf.A, Vol.103, pp. 59-71.

[5]. Dakiky, M., Kharmics, M., Manassra, A., Mereb, M. (2002). “Selective adsorption of chromium (VI) in industrial waste water using low cost abundantly available adsorbents”, Adv. Environ. Res., Vol. 6, pp. 533-537.

[6]. Huang, S.D., Fann, C.F., Hsiech, H.S. (1982). “Foam separation of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution”, J.Colloid.Interface.Sci., Vol. 89, pp. 504-513.

[7]. John, M.K., Laerhoven, V., Cross, C.H. (1975). “Cadmium, Lead and Zinc accumulate in soils nearer a smother complex”, Environ.Lett., Vol. 10, pp. 25-35.

[8]. Kannan, K. (1995). Fundamentals of Environmental Pollution, S chand Co Limited, New Delhi.

[9]. Kiran, B., Kaushik, A., Kaushik, C.P. (2007). “Response surface methodology approach for optimizing removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using immobilized Cynobacterium”, Chem. Eng. J., Vol. 126, pp.147-153

[10]. Kongsricharoern, N., Polprasert, C. (1996). “Chromium removal by a bipolar electro-chemical precipitation process”, Water.Sci.Technol., Vol. 34, pp.109-116.

[11]. Kortenkamp, A., Casadevali, M., Faux, S.P., Jenner, A., Shayer, O.J., Woodbridge, N., Obrien, P. (1996). “A role for molecular oxygen in the formation of DNA damage during the reduction of the carcinogen chromium (VI) by alutathione”, Arch. Biochem.Biophys., Vol. 329(2), pp.199-208.

[12]. Krishna, D., Padma Sree, R. (2013). “Response surface modeling and optimization of chromium (VI) removal from wastewater using limonia acidissima hull powder”, i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, Vol. 8(2), Nov-Jan 2013, Print ISSN 0973-2632, E-ISSN 2230-7184, pp. 24-32..

[13]. Krishna, D., Suresh, M., Srikhar I.S., Madhuri, N. (2014). “Removal of Manganese from Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder As Adsorbent”. imanager ’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, Vol. 9(3), Feb-Apr, 2014, Print ISSN 0973-2632, E-ISSN 2230-7184, pp. 22-30.

[14]. Krishna, D., Padma Sree, R. (2014). “Response surface modeling and optimization of chromium (VI) removal from waste water using custard apple peel powder”, walailak J Sci & Tech, Vol. 11(6), pp. 489-496.

[15]. Krishna, D., Padma Sree, R. (2014). “Response surface modeling and optimization of chromium (VI) removal from waste water using borasus flabellifer coir powder”, Int.J.Appl.Sci.Eng., Vol.11(2), pp.157-167

[16]. Kumar, D.A. (2004). Environmental Chemistry, New age International, New Delhi, 5th Edn., pp.280.

[17]. Low, K.S., Lee, C.K., Ng., A.Y. (1999). “Column study on the sorption of Cr (VI) using quaternized rice hulls”, Bio.reso. Technol., Vol. 68, pp. 205-208.

[18]. Montgomerry D.C. (2001). “Design and Analysis of Experiments”, 5th ed., John Wiley Sons, New York, USA.

[19]. Muthukumar, M., Mohan, D., Rajendran, M. (2003). “Optimization of mix proportions of mineral aggregates using Box- Behnken design of experiments” , Cem.Concr.Res. Vol. 25, pp. 751-758.

[20]. Omgbu, J.A., Iweanya, V.I. (1990). “Dynamic sorption of Pb2+ and Zn2+ with palm kernel husk”, J.Chem.Ed., Vol. 67, pp. 800-801.

[21]. Orthan, Y., Buyukgungor, H. (1993). “The removal of heavy metals by using agricultural wastes, Water” Sci.Technol., Vol. 28, pp. 247-255.

[22]. Pagilla, K.R., Canter, L.W. (1999). “Laboratory studies on remediation of Chromium–contaminated soils”, J.Environ.Eng, Vol.125, pp. 243-248.

[23]. Ross, S.M. (1994). “Toxic metals in soil plant system, John wiley and Sons”, Chichester, pp. 3-26.

[24]. Sawyer, C.N., McCarty, P.L., Parkin, G.F. (2003). “Chemistry for environmental engineering and Science”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing, New Delhi, 5th Edn., pp. 660- 661 & 717.

[25]. Seaman, J.C., Bertsch, P.M., Schwallie, L. (1999). “In- Situ Cr (VI) reduction within coarse – textured oxide-coated soil and aquifer systems using Fe (II) solutions”, Environ.Sci.Technol. Vol. 33, pp. 938-944.

[26]. Tiller, K.Y. (1989). “Heavy metals in soil and their environmental significance”, Adv.Soil.Sci., Vol. 9, pp. 113- 142.

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[28]. Toles, C.A., Marshell, W.E., Johns, M.M. (1997). “GAC from nutshells for the uptake of metal ions and organic compounds”, Carbon, Vol. 35, pp. 1414-1470.

[29]. Vazquez, G., Gonzalaez-Alvarez, J., Freire, S., Lopez-Lorenzo, M., Antorrena, G. (2002). “Removal of cadmium and mercury ions from aqueous solution by sorption on treated pinus pinaster bark: kinetics and isotherms”, Bio.reso. Technol., Vol. 82, pp. 247-251.

[30]. Veglio, F., Beolchini, F. (1997). “Removal of metals by biosorption: a review”, Hydrometallurgy, Vol. 44, pp. 301- 316.

[31]. Volesky, B., Holan, Z.R. (1995). Biosorption of heavy metals, Biotechnology. Prog. 11, 235-250.

[32]. Zhou, X., Korenaga, T., Takahashi, T Moriwake, T Shinoda, S. (1993). “A process monitoring/controlling system for the treatment of waste water containing (VI)”, Water Res, Vol. 27, pp. 1049-1059.

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Research Paper

Assessment of Traffic Noise and Analysis of It's Parameters on NH-06 Passing through Chhattisgarh

G. S. Vij* , M. L. Agrawal, M. K. Gupta*

* Research Scholar, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, India.

Principal, J.K Institute of Engineering, Bilaspur, India.Vizianagaram, India.

* Professor and HOD, Department of Civil Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg, India.

Vij, G.S., Agrawal, M. L., and Gupta, M. K.(2015). Assessment of Traffic Noise and Analysis of It's Parameters on NH-06 Passing through Chhattisgarh. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4),15-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3474

Abstract

The major contribution of traffic noise, towards overall noise pollution scenario, is a well known and established fact. Traffic noise from highways creates problem for surrounding areas, especially when there are high traffic volumes and high speeds. Vehicular traffic noise problem is contributed by various kinds of vehicles like heavy, medium trucks/buses, automobiles and two wheelers. Many western countries have developed prediction models based on L10, Leq and other characteristics. In India, the transportation sector is growing rapidly at more than 7.50% per annum and no. of vehicles on Indian roads is increasing at a very fast rate. These lead to overcrowded roads and cause various types of pollutions. Amongst these, Noise pollution is an important type which causes annoyance and health problems to human beings.

This paper analyzes the measurement of traffic noise using the Noise Pollution Level, Traffic Noise Index and Equivalent sound levels by the application of noise level meter SL-4023- SD (with a Real Time Data Logger) for a period of 24 hours for up and down streams on a patch of NH-06. The major conclusions obtained are: higher the volume of traffic noise and speed of stream, the value of L10 varies directly.

References

[1]. Nirjar. R. S., .Jain. S. S, Parida. M, Katiyar. V. S., Mittal. N, (2003). “A study of transport related noise pollution in Delhi”, IE (I) Journal- EN, Vol. 84(1).

[2]. Garg N. K., Gupta V. K. and Vyas R. K. (2007),” Noise Pollution and it's impact on urban life”, J. Environ. Res. Develop., Vol. 1(3), pp. 290-296.

[3]. Vidyasagar, T., and Rao, G.N (2006). “Noise Pollution Levels in Vishakhapatnam City (India)”. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, Vol.48, pp.139 – 142.

[4]. Dr. P. D. Maarathe (1990). “Traffic Noise Pollution Assessment & Management”, M.E. Dissertation at M.I.T.S. Gwalior.

[5]. Sharma P. S. et al. (2007), “Assessment of Noise Level Due to Vehicular Traffic at Warangal City, India”, Int.Environment and Pollution, Vol. 30(1), pp. 137-158.

[6]. C.P.C.B. (2010) website: http://cpcb.delhi.nic.in.

[7]. T. Subramani, M. Kavitha, K. P. Sivaraj (2012). “Modeling of Traffic Noise Pollution”, Issue 3, May-June 2012.

[8]. Langdon F. I. (1976), “Noise Nuisance Caused by Road Traffic in Residential Area”, Part I: Journal of Sound and Traffic in Residential Area, Part I: Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 47 (2), Southampton, U.K .

[9]. Maj. J.S. Hansi, (1980).“ Estimation of traffic noise parameters”, M.E. Dissertation at IIT, Roorke.

[10]. D.Pearson Kirk and S.M.Sabir (1989), “Road Traffic Noise in developing countries assessment and prediction”, Proc. Of the International Conference on Roads & Road Transportation Problem, New Delhi.

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Research Paper

Effect of Mole Ratio and Catalyst Concentration on Yield and Properties of Biodiesel

Shaik Liyakhath Ahmed* , M. Tukaram Bai, V. Sridevi*, Sakunthala Moyila****

* M.Tech, Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

* Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra Univeristy, Visakhapatnam, India.

**** M.Tech, Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

Ahmed, S. L., Bai , M. T., Sridevi , V., and Moyila, S. (2015). Effect of Mole Ratio and Catalyst Concentration on Yield and Properties of Biodiesel. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3475

Abstract

Biodiesel is the fuel obtained by transesterification of vegetable oil with lower viscosity than vegetable oil. There is lot of generation of Waste Cooking Oils (WCO). Utilization of this WCO leads to low production cost of biodiesel and reduces the disposal problems of waste cooking oils. In the present study, focus is on production of biodiesel using waste rice bran oil o as the raw material through transesterification process. The experimental conditions are selected as 59-60 C as reaction temperature and 300 rpm stirring speed during reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel, 92.02% was obtained at 6:1 mole ratio of alcohol to oil and 0.75% of catalyst concentration and reported as optimum conditions. The concentration of catalyst and mole ratio of alcohol to oil has substantial effect on properties of biodiesel such as flash point, fire point, density and kinematic viscosity. Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy technique were used to analyze the fatty acid profile of biodiesel sample. The sample contains saturated, mono and poly unsaturated compounds.

References

[1]. Singh, S. P., & Dipti Singh. (2010). “Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as a substitute of diesel: A review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.14, pp.200-216.

[2]. Akhavan Moghaddam, N., Tahviladri, K., & Taghvaie, S. (2010). “Trans-esterification for production of biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO)”. International Journal Of Chemical And Biological Engineering, Vol. 3, pp.119- 123.

[3]. Al-Widyan Mohamad, I., & Al-Shyoukh Ali, O. (2002). “Experimental evaluation of the transesterification of waste palm oil into biodiesel”. Bioresource Technology, Vol. 85, pp.253-256.

[4]. Anh, N. Phan, & Tan, M. Phan. (2008). ‘Biodiesel production from waste cooking oils”. Fuel, Vol.87, pp.3490-3496.

[5]. Hossian, A. B. M. S., & Boyce, A. N. (2010). “Biodiesel production from waste sunflower cooking oil as an environmental recycling process and renewable energy”. Bulgarian Journal of Agriculture Science, Vol.15, pp.312-317.

[6]. Hossain, A. B. M. S., & Mazen, M. A. (2010). “Effects of catalyst types and conc. on biodiesel production from waste soybean oil biomass as renewable energy and environmental recycling process”. Australian Journal of Crop Science, Vol. 4, pp.550 – 555.

[7]. Hossain, A. B. M. S., Boyce, A. N., Salleh, A. & Chandran, S. (2010). “Impacts of alcohol type, ratio and stirring time on the biodiesel production from waste canola oil”. African Journal of Agriculture Research, Vol. 5, pp.1851-1859.

[8]. Kalyani, G., Joga Rao, H., & Prasanna Kumar, Y. (2012). “Process development studies on biodiesel from palm kernel, palm and gingelly oils”. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, vol.3(7), pp.1-8.

[9]. Vijaya Priya, S. (2012). “Optimization of reactant and catalyst for the production of biodiesel”. In proceedings of the IEEE congress on advances in Engineering, Science and Management (ICAESM), pp.242-246.

[10]. Rajarshi Kar, Oindrila Gupta, & Mukundu Kumar Das. (2012). “Biodiesel production and process optimization”. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol.2(6), 2012.

[11]. Zayed Al-Hamamre & Jehad Yamin (2014). “ Parametric study of the alkali catalyzed transesterification of waste frying oil for biodiesel production”. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol.79, pp.246-254.

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Review Paper

Effects of Using Fluorescent and Compact Fluorescent Lamps on Environment and Health-A Critical View

Atif Iqbal* , Amith Khandakar, Mohammad Shafiul Islam*, Nasser Basheer Ahmad****

* Full Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.

Faculty Member, Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar

* Electrical Engineer, MEP Company, Qatar

**** Senior Under Graduate Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar.

Iqbal, A., Khandakar, A., Islam, M. S., and Ahmad, N. B. (2015). Effects of Using Fluorescent and Compact Fluorescent Lamps on Environment and Health-A Critical View. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3476

Abstract

Wide spread adoption of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) as lighting lamps in residential and industrial sectors are posing challenges to the environment and also carries some health issues and risks. This paper presents a critical overview on related environmental factors and health risks due to lighting lamps especially Fluorescent lamps and CFL. Although CFLs are increasingly popular in the household and industrial lightings due to significant energy savings, however, these issues such as power quality, environment and health risks need to be analyzed critically. The aim of this paper is to make people aware about risks of using FLs and CFLs and not to stigmatize the utilization of these light sources. The CFLs hold very tiny quantities of mercury per lamp. Production plants and disposal facilities of CFLs are releasing mercury to the environment and hence posing environmental challenges that require proper management. In addition, it is found that people working in the CFLs manufacturing facilities suffer from some diseases. Due to the massive number of CFLs used around the world, it is considered as a major source of mercury. If CFLs are not recycled in an ecologically sound manner, after the breakage of CFLs, the inhalation of mercury vapor would cause health risks to human beings, especially infants and children. A detailed discussion on these issues is presented in this paper.

References

[1]. Wagner, T. (2011). “Compact fluorescent lights and the impact of convenience and knowledge on household recycling rates”. Waste Management, pp.1300-1306.

[2]. Taghipour,H., Amjad, Z., Jafarabadi, M., Gholampour, A., & Norouz, P. (2014). “Determining heavy metals in spent compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and their waste management challenges: Some strategies for improving current conditions ”, pp.1251-1256.

[3]. Rhee, S., Choi, H., & Park, H. (2014). “Characteristics of mercury emission from linear type of spent fluorescent lamp”. Waste Management, pp.1066-1071.

[4]. Sarigiannis, D., Karakitsios, S., Antonakopoulou, M., & Gotti, A. (2012). “Exposure analysis of accidental release of mercury from compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)”. Science of the Total Environment, pp.306-315.

[5]. Alvarez-Caicoya, J., Cosme-Torres, A., & Ortiz- Rivera, E. (2011). “Compact Fluorescent Lamps, an Anticipatory Mind to Mercury”. IEEE Potentials, pp.35-38.

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[7]. Zimmermann, F., Lecler, M., Clerc, F., Chollot, A., Silvente, E.,& Grosjean, J. (2014). “Occupational exposure in the fluorescent lamp recycling sector in France”, pp.1257-1263.

[8]. Risher, J., Nickle, R., & Amler, S. (2003). “Elemental mercury poisoning in occupational and residential settings”. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, pp.371-379.

[9]. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency 2011. (2011). “ Ultraviolet Radiation Emissions from Compact Fluorescent Lights”.

[10]. Nance, P., Patterson, J., Willis, A., Foronda, N., & Dourson, M. (2012). “Human health risks from mercury exposure from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)”. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, pp. 542-552.

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[12]. Apisitpuvakul, W., Piumsomboon, P., Watts, D., & Koetsinchai, W. (2008). “LCA of spent fluorescent lamps in Thailand at various rates of recycling”. Journal of Cleaner Production, pp.1046-1061.

[13]. Rey-Raap, N., & Gallardo, A. (2012). “Determination of mercury distribution inside spent compact fluorescent lamps by atomic absorption spectrometry”. Waste Management, pp.944-948.

[14]. Bose-O'Reilly, S., McCarty, K. M., McCarty, M., & Lettmeier, B. (2010). “Mercury Exposure and Children's Health”, pp.186-215.

[15]. Johnson, N., Manchester, S., Sarin, L., Gao, Y., Kulaots, I., & Hurt, R. (2008). “Mercury Vapor Release From Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps And In Situ Capture By New Nanomaterial Sorbents”. Environmental Science & Technology, pp.5772-5778.

[16]. Li, Y., & Jin, L. (2011). “Environmental Release of Mercury from Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps”. Environmental Engineering Science, pp.687-691.

[17]. Durão, W., Castro, C., & Windmöller, C. (2008). “Mercury reduction studies to facilitate the thermal decontamination of phosphor powder residues from spent fluorescent lamps”. Waste Management, pp.2311- 2319.

[18]. Aucott, M., Mclinden, M., & Winka, M. (2003). “Release of Mercury from Broken Fluorescent Bulbs”. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, pp.143-151.

[19]. Cheng, H., & Hu, Y. (2010). “Curbing Dioxin Emissions From Municipal Solid Waste Incineration In China: Rethinking About Management Policies And Practices”. Environmental Pollution, pp.2809-2814.

[20]. Salthammer, T., Uhde, E., Omelan, A., Lüdecke, A., & Moriske, H. (2012). “Estimating human indoor exposure to elemental mercury from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)”. Indoor Air, pp.289-298.

[21]. Shao, D., Liang, P., Kang, Y., Wang, H., Cheng, Z., Wu, S.,Wong, M. (2011). “Mercury species of sediment and fish in freshwater fish ponds around the Pearl River Delta, PR China: Human health risk assessment”. Chemosphere, pp.443-448.

[22]. Yang, H. (2010). "Historical mercury contamination in sediments and catchment soils of Diss Mere, UK." Environmental Pollution, pp.2504-2510.

[23]. Best, H. (2009). “Structural and Ideological Determinants of Household Waste Recycling: Results from an Empirical Study in Cologne, Germany”. Nature and Culture, 167-190.

[24]. Eckelman, M., Anastas, P., & Zimmerman, J. (2008). “Spatial Assessment of Net Mercury Emissions from the Use of Fluorescent Bulbs”. Environmental Science & Technology, pp.8564-8570.

[25]. Jang, M., Hong, S., & Park, J. (2005). “Characterization and recovery of mercury from spent fluorescent lamps”. Waste Management, pp.5-14.

[26]. Wang, X., Sato, T., Xing, B., & Tao, S. (2005). “Health Risks Of Heavy Metals To The General Public In Tianjin, China Via Consumption of Vegetables And Fish”. Science of The Total Environment, pp.28-37

[27]. Lee, K., Chon, H., & Jung, M. (2008). “Contamination level and distribution patterns of Hg in soil, sediment, dust and sludge from various anthropogenic sources in Korea”. Mineralogical Magazine, pp.445-449.

[28]. Lin, Y., Larssen, T., Vogt, R., & Feng, X. (2010). “Identification of fractions of mercury in water, soil and sediment from a typical Hg mining area in Wanshan, Guizhou province, China”. Applied Geochemistry, pp.60- 68.

[29]. Zhou, H., & Wong, M. (2000). “Mercury accumulation in freshwater fish with emphasis on the dietary influence”. Water Research, pp.4234-4242.

[30]. Qiu, G., Feng, X., Wang, S., Fu, X., & Shang, L. (2009). “Mercury distribution and speciation in water and fish from abandoned Hg mines in Wanshan, Guizhou province, China”. Science of the Total Environment, pp.5162-5168.

[31]. Carpi, A., & Chen, Y. (2001). “Gaseous Elemental Mercury as an Indoor Air Pollutant”. Environmental Science & Technology, pp.4170-4173.

[32]. Salthammer, T., Uhde, E., Omelan, A., Lüdecke, A., & Moriske, H. (2012). “Estimating human indoor exposure to elemental mercury from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)”. Indoor Air.

[33]. Cheng, H., & Hu, Y. (2010). “China Needs to Control Mercury Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Incineration”. Environmental Science & Technology, pp.7994-7995.

[34]. Corazza, A., & Boffito, C. (2008). “Mercury dosing solutions for fluorescent lamps”. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, pp.144007-144007.

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Review Paper

Application of Nanotechnology, Nanofiltration and the Future Vision of Environmental Engineering Science-A Critical Overview

Sukanchan Palit*

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttaranchal, India.

Palit, S. (2015). Application of Nanotechnology, Nanofiltration and the Future Vision of Environmental Engineering Science-A Critical Overview. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 38-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3477

Abstract

The world of Environmental engineering science is moving at a drastic pace in the midst of immense challenges and scientific vision. Environmental regulations and stringent environmental restrictions have urged the scientific domain to devise newer and innovative environmental engineering techniques. Advancement of science and technology, the wide vision for the future and the wide path towards progress are the torchbearers towards newer realm and newer environmental engineering paradigm. In such a crucial juncture of history and civilization, nanotechnology and application of nanofiltration are of utmost importance. In today's world, nanofiltration and environmental engineering science have an unsevered umbilical cord. Industrial wastewater treatment, drinking water treatment and application of membrane science today stands in the midst of immense scientific vision and world of truth and understanding. Nanotechnology and its intricacies are uncovered in this present century. The author with cogent and deep insight unravels the importance of nanofiltration in environmental pollution control and its vast and visionary frontiers. Environmental engineering paradigm is moving towards one visionary realm over another.

In this review paper the author with deep comprehension and cogent insight delineates the application of nanotechnology tools such as nanofiltration in environmental engineering science. The world of instinctive challenges and the vision for the future evolves into a new dimension and newer directions in the domain of nanofiltration and other membrane separation processes. The author also attempts with deep lucidity the recent scientific endeavour in nanofiltration and also future trends of application of nanotechnology tools in environmental engineering. The future vision is bright, wide and versatile as the author delves deep into the intricacies of nanofiltration thus evolving into true scientific vision. The world of nanofiltration and its application is relevant to the future of environmental engineering science. A critical overview is urgently needed due to the disastrous scenario of ecological imbalance and environmental catastrophes. Environmental sustainability is the need of the hour. Thus, in such a critical juncture , the importance of nanofiltration and application of nanotechnology rises vehemently above all environmental engineering concerns. This review rises far above other reviews due to the discussion of environmental sustainability and global water crisis. Today's world global water crisis and environmental sustainability have an unsevered umbilical cord. The author instinctively discusses the application of nanotechnology in environmental protection and also delineates the vision of nanofiltration technique.

References

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i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

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Volume 10 Issue 4 May - July 2015

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* Former Chief Scientist, Geo Technological Problems of Oil, Gas and Chemistry, Azerbaijan. ** Associate Professor, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, USA.

Sattarov, R. M., and Bakhtiyarov, S. I. (2015). Modeling of Complex Rheological Fluids with Fractal Structures. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3472

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Box-Behnken Design for the Removal of Manganese From Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , Santosh Kumar G**

* Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India. ** Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

Krishna, D., and Kumar, S. (2015). Box-Behnken Design for the Removal of Manganese From Aqueous Solution By Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3473

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Assessment of Traffic Noise and Analysis of It's Parameters on NH-06 Passing through Chhattisgarh

G. S. Vij* , M. L. Agrawal**, M. K. Gupta***

* Research Scholar, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, India. ** Principal, J.K Institute of Engineering, Bilaspur, India.Vizianagaram, India. *** Professor and HOD, Department of Civil Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg, India.

Vij, G.S., Agrawal, M. L., and Gupta, M. K.(2015). Assessment of Traffic Noise and Analysis of It's Parameters on NH-06 Passing through Chhattisgarh. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4),15-21. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3474

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Effect of Mole Ratio and Catalyst Concentration on Yield and Properties of Biodiesel

Shaik Liyakhath Ahmed* , M. Tukaram Bai**, V. Sridevi***, Sakunthala Moyila****

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Effects of Using Fluorescent and Compact Fluorescent Lamps on Environment and Health-A Critical View

Atif Iqbal* , Amith Khandakar**, Mohammad Shafiul Islam***, Nasser Basheer Ahmad****

Iqbal, A., Khandakar, A., Islam, M. S., and Ahmad, N. B. (2015). Effects of Using Fluorescent and Compact Fluorescent Lamps on Environment and Health-A Critical View. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3476

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Application of Nanotechnology, Nanofiltration and the Future Vision of Environmental Engineering Science-A Critical Overview

Sukanchan Palit*

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttaranchal, India.

Palit, S. (2015). Application of Nanotechnology, Nanofiltration and the Future Vision of Environmental Engineering Science-A Critical Overview. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(4), 38-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.4.3477

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* Former Chief Scientist, Geo Technological Problems of Oil, Gas and Chemistry, Azerbaijan.

** Associate Professor, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, USA.

* Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

G. S. Vij* , M. L. Agrawal, M. K. Gupta*

* Research Scholar, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, India.

Principal, J.K Institute of Engineering, Bilaspur, India.Vizianagaram, India.

* Professor and HOD, Department of Civil Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg, India.

Shaik Liyakhath Ahmed* , M. Tukaram Bai, V. Sridevi*, Sakunthala Moyila****

Atif Iqbal* , Amith Khandakar, Mohammad Shafiul Islam*, Nasser Basheer Ahmad****