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Design and Development of Patient Care Voice Actuated Bed in Hospital
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A Centre C-Shaped Dual Band Rectangular Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi and Wireless Communication
Impact of Subchannel Symbol Rates on WSS Filtering Penalty in Elastic Optical Networks: A Comparative Study

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Volume 5 Issue 2 February - April 2016

Article

Advancement Towards Communication: Optical Fiber Technology

Prachi Agrawal* , Sharad Mohan Shrivastava**

* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai CG, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Shri Shankarachrya Technical Campus, Bhilai CG, India.

Agrawal, P., and Srivastava, S. M. (2016). Advancement Towards Communication: Optical Fiber Technology. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5959

Abstract

In this work, the authors have reviewed the basic concepts of optical fiber network. They describe its key feature and its rapid advancement in the telecommunication industry. The advantages of optical fiber technology in comparison to the conventional data transmission systems and also the basic operating characteristics of fiber optic system is discussed. The work focus on describing the non-linear effects found in fiber communication network, which is the major limitation to the system performance. The objective of this paper is to make readers understand the key terms related to optical fiber technology, specifically different types of non-linearities found in optical fiber to help them carry out their future project works.

References

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[15]. S.K. Raghuwanshi, Vikram Palodiya, Ajay Kumar and Santosh Kumar, (2014). “Experimental characterization of fiber optic communication link for digital transmission system”. ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology, Vol. 05, No. 01, ISSN: 2229-6948, pp. 868-876.

[16]. Akhil Gupta, Pankaj Anand, Rohit Khajuria, Sonam Bhagat, and Rakesh Kumar Jha, (2014). “A Survey of Free Space Optical Communication Network Channel over Optical Fiber Cable Communication”. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887), Vol. 105, No. 10.

[17]. S. M. Jahangir Alam, M. Rabiul Alam, Guoqing Hu, and Md. Zakirul Mehrab, (2011). “Bit Error Rate Optimization in Fiber Optic Communications”. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 435- 440.

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[27]. H. Kogelnik, R.M. Jopson and L.E. Nelson, (2002). “Polarization mode dispersion”. In Optical Fiber Telecommunication. I.P. Kaminow and T.Li, Eds. San Diego, CA: Academic, ch.15, pp.725-861.

[28]. Kapil Kashyap, Hardeep Singh, Preeti Singh, Chetan Gupta, (2013). “Effect of Self Phase Modulation on Optical Fiber”. AIJRSTEM 13- 154, pp. 160-164.

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[37]. Jameel Ahmed, Ashiq Hussain, M. Y Siyal, Habibullah Manzoor and Abdullah Massod, (2014). “Parametric analysis of four -wave mixing in DWDM system”. Optik, Vol. 125, pp.1853-1859.

[38]. Gurmeet Kaur and M. L. Singh, (2009). “Effect of four wave mixing in a WDM optical fiber system”. Optik, Vol. 120, pp.268-273.

[39]. Rouf and M. M.S Islam, (2012). “A New approach of unequally spaced channel allocation for FWM crosstalk th suppression in WDM transmission system”. 7 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 35-38.

[40]. Monika, Amit Wason and R. S. Kaler, (2013). “Investigation of four wave mixing effect with different number of input channels at various channel spacing”. Optik, Vol. 124, pp. 4227- 4230.

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[44]. Y. Koyamada, S. Sato, S. Nakamura, H. Sotobayashi, and W. Chujo, (2004). “Simulating and designing Brillouin gain spectrum in single mode fibers”. J. Lightwave Technol. Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 631-639.

[45] A. Boh Ruffin, M. J. Li, X. Chen, A. Kobyakov, and F. Annunziata, (2005). “Brillouin gain analysis for fibres with different refractive indices”. Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, No. 23, pp. 3123-3125.

[46]. Charles Uzoanya Ndujiuba, (2015). “Analysis and Applications of Nonlinearities in Optical Fibres in Wavelength Division Multiplexed Systems”. Scientific & Academic Publishing, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-10.

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[48]. Ajoy Ghatak, and K. Thyagarajan, (1998). An Introduction to Fiber Optics. Cambridge University Press.

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Research Paper

Design and Simulation of Slotted Dual Band Microstrip Antenna for WLAN Applications

Shweta Gupta* , Sudhanshu Verma, G.S. Tripathi*

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

* HOD, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Gupta, S., Verma, S., and Tripathi, G.S. (2016). Design and Simulation of Slotted Dual Band Microstrip Antenna for WLAN Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5960

Abstract

This paper presents the design and simulation of a slotted microstrip antenna which supports dual band operation. The proposed antenna covers upper WLAN [5.2 GHz (5.15-5.35 GHz) and 5.8 GHz (5.724-5.825 GHz)] bands. The substrate used is FR4 having a thickness of 1.6 mm and dielectric constant of 4.4 with a loss tangent of 0.02 is used. The designed antenna is compact in size having the size of the substrate as 40X50 mm. It is having two central frequencies at 5.194 GHz (5.11- 5.29 GHz) and 5.778 GHz (5.66- 5.8825 GHz) which achieves a bandwidth of 180 MHz and 222.5 MHz. It gives an improved return loss of -22.6852 dB and -16.697dB at 5.194 GHz and 5.778 GHz respectively. The designed antenna shows the directional radiation pattern at both the frequencies with acceptable front to back ratio and VSWR at these frequencies below 1.5.

References

[1]. Shuo Liu, Shi-Shan Qi, Wen Wu and Da- Gang Fang, (2014). “Single-Layer Single-Patch Four-Band asymmetrical U-Slot Patch Antenna”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagations, Vol. 62, No. 9, pp. 4895-4899.

[2]. Hsing-Ye Chen, and Tu Tao, (2011). “Performance Improvement of a U-Slot Patch Antenna Using a Dual Band Frequency Selective Surface With Modified Jerusalem Cross Elements”. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, Vol. 59, No. 9, pp. 3482-3486.

[3]. C. A. Balanis, (1997). Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

[4]. Yuehe Ge, Karu P. Essell and Trevor S. Bird, (2004). “E –Shaped Patch Antennas for High Speed Wireless Network”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagations, Vol. 52, No. 12, pp. 3213-3219.

[5]. D. Pavithra, and K.R. Dharani, (2011). “A Design of HShaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applications”. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, ISSN : 2319 – 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 6726,Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 71-74.

[6]. P. Nayeri, Kai-Fong Lee, A.Z. Elsherbeni, and Fan Yang, (2011). “Dual- Band Circularly Polarized Antennas using Stacked Patches with Asymmetric U-Slot”. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propogation Letters, Vol. 10, pp. 492-495.

[7]. Amit Kumar Gupta, R.K. Prasad, D. K. Srivastava, (2012). “Design and Analysis of Dual Band C-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna”. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 311-317, ISSN: 2231-1963.

[8]. Amit Kumar Gupta, R.K. Prasad, and D.K. Srivastava, (2012). “Design and Development of Dual E-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement”. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 0976- 6464, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 34-42.

[9]. K.F. Lee, S.L.S. Yang, A.A. Kishk, and K.M. Luk, (2010). “The versatile U-Slot Patch Antenna”. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 71-88.

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Research Paper

Design and Performance Evaluation of PIFA with Parasitic Elements for Mobile and UWB Applications

Priyanka Singh* , Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Singh, P., and Mishra, R. (2016). Design and Performance Evaluation of PIFA with Parasitic Elements for Mobile and UWB Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 15-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5961

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to design and perform analysis of PIFA in order to obtain the required performance characteristics for mobile and UWB applications. Simulation and analysis were carried out by high frequency structure simulator, HFSS. The proposed antenna covers a wide frequency range from 0.67 GHz to 11GHz. It operates at LTE700 MHz, GSM (800-900 MHz), GPS (1.22 and 1.57 GHz), DCS (1.8 GHz), PCS (1.9 GHz), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (2.4-2.5 GHz), 5 GHz WLAN and the major part of UWB frequency range The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch, rectangular parasitic element, inverted-L Shaped parasitic element, slots in ground plane which produces low frequency resonance and thick feeding terminal. The antenna design parameters are varied to study its effect on performance of the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna has a flat and simple structure, which can be easily implemented.

References

[1]. M.Z. Win, D. Dardari, A. F. Molisch, W. Wiesbeck and J. Zhang, (2009). “History and Applications of UWB”. Proceedings of IEEE, Vol. 97, No. 2, pp. 198-204.

[2]. K. Hirasawa and M. Haneishi, (1992). Analysis, Design, and Measurement of Small and Low-Profile Antenna. Artech House.

[3]. K. L. Virga, Y. R. Samii (1997). “Low-profile enhancedbandwidth PIFA antennas for wireless communication packaging”. IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 45, No. 10.

[4]. Ricardo Gomez-Villanueza, Roberto Linares-y- Miranda, Jose A Tirado-Mendez, and Hildeberto Jardon- Aguilar, (2013). “Ultra-wideband Planar Inverted–F Antenna (PIFA) for Mobile Phone Frequencies and Ultra-wideband applications”. Progress in Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 43, pp. 109-120.

[5]. Guo, Y., M. Y. W. Chia, and Z. N. Chen, (2004). “Miniature built-in multiband antennas for mobile handsets”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 52, pp. 1936-1944.

[6]. Chattha, H. T., Y. Huang, M. K. Ishfaq, and S. J. Boyes, (2011). “Bandwidth enhancement techniques for planar inverted-F antenna”. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 5, pp. 1872-1879.

[7]. Virga, K.L., Samii, Y.R, (1997). “Low-profile enhancedbandwidth PIFA Antennas for wireless communication packaging”. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 45, No. 10, pp.1879-1888.

[8]. C.A. Balanis (2003). Antenna Theory Analysis and Design. 3 Edition, Wiley, New Jersey.

[9]. Jian-Wu Zhang and Yi Liu, (2009). “A Novel Dualfrequency Planar Inverted-F Antenna”. PIERS Proceedings, Moscow, Russia, August 18 -21.

[10]. F. Wang, Z. Du, and Q. Wang, (2004). “Enhancedbandwidth PIFA with T-shaped ground plane”. Electron. Lett., Vol. 40, No. 23, pp. 1504-1505.

[11]. Bhatti, R. A., Y. Im, and S. Park, (2009). “Compact PIFA for mobile terminals supporting cellular and non-cellular standards”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 57, pp. 2534-2540.

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Research Paper

A Modified Rectangular Ring Wideband Monopole Antenna for WLAN / WiMAX Applications

Poonam Chaurasiya* , R. K. Chauhan**

*PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

**Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Chaurasiya, KM. P., and Chauhan, R.K. (2016). A Modified Rectangular Ring Wideband Monopole Antenna for WLAN / WiMAX Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5962

Abstract

In this paper, a novel rectangular ring monopole antenna for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is demonstrated. The antenna is designed with a rectangle shaped ring having four different strips. The four strips along with the rectangular ring are used to create a wide impedance bandwidth (2.3-7 GHz) for VSWR ≤ 2, which covers the WLAN frequency ranges (2.4 - 2.483 GHz, 5.15 - 5.35 GHz and 5.725 - 5.825 GHz) and WiMAX band (2.5 - 2.69 GHz, 3.30 - 3.80 GHz and 5.25 - 5.85 GHz) applications. The antenna shows a sufficient wide bandwidth (4700 MHz) with good radiation patterns. The proposed antenna is suitable for WLAN/WiMax standards

References

[1] Xueshi Ren, Yingzeng Yin, Shufeng Zheng, Shaoli Zuo, and Bowen Liu, (2011). “Triple-band rectangular ring monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMax applications”. Microwave and Optical Technol Letters, Vol. 53, No. 5, pp. 974-978.

[2]. S. Chaimool and K. L. Chung, (2009). “CPW-fed mirrored-L monopole antenna with distinct triple bands for WiFi and WiMAX aplications”. Electron Lett, Vol. 45, No. 18, pp. 928-929.

[3]. D. D. Krishna, M. Gopikrishna, C.K. Anandan, P. Mohanan, and K. Vasudevan, (2008). “CPW-fed Koch fractal slot antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag Lett, Vol. 7, pp. 389–392.

[4]. S. L. Zuo, Yin, and Z. Y. Zhang, (2010). “A coupling-fed multiband antenna for WLAN/WiMax applications”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 52, No. 6, pp. 1283-1286.

[5]. K. L. Chung, T. H. Mak, and W. Y. Tam, (2009). “A modified two-strip monopole antenna for WiFi and WiMax applications”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 51, No. 12, pp. 2884-2886.

[6]. S. Y. Lee and C.C. Yu, (2009). “A novel wideband asymmetric hybrid Antenna for WLAN/WiMax applications”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett. Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 1055-1057.

[7]. Q. Y. Zhang, Q. X. Chu, and Z. H. Tu, (2010). “Triple-band compact printed dipole antenna with wideband integrated balun for WLAN/WiMax applications”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 52, No. 7, pp. 1619-1622.

[8]. Y. M. Zhang and G. Wang, (2008). “Tri-band bow-tie antenna with overlapped arms”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 52, No. 7, pp. 1539-1542.

[9]. Y. D. Wang, J. H. Lu, and H. M. Hsiao, (2008). “Novel design of semi- circular slot antenna with triple-band operation for WLAN / WiMAX communication”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 1531–1534.

[10]. W.C. Liu, (2005). “Compact microstrip-line-fed ring monopole antenna with tuning strip for 5 GHz WLAN operation”. Electron Lett, Vol. 41, No. 15, pp. 831-832.

[11]. C. Y. Pan, T. S. Horng, W. S. Chen, and C. H. Huang, (2007). “Dual wide band printed monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag Lett, Vol. 6, pp. 149–151.

[12]. L. Zhang, Y. C. Jiao, G. Zhao, Y. Song, and F. S. Zhang, (2008). “Broad band dual-band CPW-fed closed rectangular ring monopole antenna with a vertical strip for WLAN operation”. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 50, No. 7, pp. 1929-1931.

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Research Paper

A Compact Triple Band Monopole Antenna With U-Shaped Slots For Wireless Applications

Garima Jaiswal*

PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Jaiswal. G. (2016). A Compact Triple Band Monopole Antenna With U-Shaped Slots For Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 25-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5963

Abstract

A compact size triple band microstrip patch antenna for WCDMA and Bluetooth, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) has been proposed. This antenna is applicable for all wireless application such as Bluetooth, WiFi, WLAN and WiMAX. It is very compact to other existing antennas. This proposed antenna consists of patch with U-shaped Slots, symmetric stair type structure microstrip feed and finite ground plane. It operates over the frequency ranges, 1.9-2.6 GHz, 3.3-3.9 GHz and 4.4-7.1 GHz and suitable for WCDMA and Bluetooth (1.9-2.6 GHz), WiMAX (2.5 / 3.5 / 5.5 GHz), WLAN (2.4 / 5.2 / 5.8 GHz) and WiFi (5 GHz) and also provides band rejection between that frequency bands. The proposed antenna is compact (15x15x1.6 mm³ ) with good return loss and wider bandwidth.

References

[1]. Payam Nayeri, et al., (2011). “Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Antennas using Stacked Patches with Asymmetric U-Slots”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propog. Lett, Vol. 10, pp. 492- 495.

[2]. Jing Pei, et al., (2011). “Miniaturized Triple-Band Antenna With a Defected Ground Plane for WLAN/WiMAX applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, pp. 298-301.

[3]. Wen-Chung Liu, et al., (2011). “Design of Triple- Frequency Microstrip-Fed Monopole Antenna using Defected Ground Structure”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, No. 7, pp. 2457-2463.

[4]. H. W. Liu, et al., (2010). “Novel CPW-fed planar monopole antenna for WiMAX/WLAN applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 9, pp. 240-243.

[5]. A. R. Razali, et al., (2009). “Coplanar inverted-F antenna with open-end ground slots for multiband operation”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 8, pp. 1029-1032.

[6]. W. Hu, et al., (2011). “Compact tri-band square slot antenna with symmetrical L-strips for WLAN/WiMAX applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, No. 99, pp. 462-465.

[7]. Xin Li, et al., (2013). “Compact tri-band ACS-Fed monopole antenna employing open-ended slots for wireless communication”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 12, No. 99, pp. 388-391.

[8]. Wei Hu, et al., (2013). “Compact Multiresonator- Loaded Planar Antenna for Multiband Operation”. Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 61, No. 5, pp. 2838-2841.

[9]. C. P. Hsieh, et al., (2009). “Compact dual-band slot antenna at the corner of the ground plane”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 10, pp. 3423-3426.

[10]. G. Augustin, et al., (2006). “Compact dual-band antenna for wireless access point”. Electron. Lett., Vol. 42, No. 9, pp. 502-503.

[11]. Chih-Yu Huang, et al., (2011). “A slot monopole antenna for dual band WLAN applications”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, pp. 500-502.

[12]. B. S. Yildirim, et al., (2009). “Integrated Bluetooth and UWB antenna”. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 8, pp. 149-152.

[13]. Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS). Ver. 11.1, Ansoft Corporation, 2005.

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Research Paper

Compact Dual Port Triple Band MIMO Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Wireless Applications

Rajneesh Talwar* , R. K. Chauhan**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Rajnish and Chauhan, R.K. (2016). Compact Dual Port Triple Band MIMO Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 5(2), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.5.2.5964

Abstract

A compact dual band low profile MIMO PIFA antenna for mobile handset GSM (800 MHz - 1100 MHz), Bluetooth (2.4 - 2.48 GHz), WLAN (3.1 GHz - 3.45 GHz), WiMAX (2.5 GHz - 2.69 GHz) applications is presented in this paper. The size of the proposed antenna design is 16 x 33 x 4 mm on a 100 x 45 mm ground plane. Two feeding ports are arranged perpendicular to each other such that, the polarization diversity is exploited because of the reason that the two ports are cross polarized. A slot of size 20 x 37 mm is cut on the bottom plane for optimized isolation of two ports. Introducing slit in the PIFA diverging part and its ground plane results in making quad resonance frequencies and growing the bandwidth, correspondingly. The antenna simply uses an inexpensive substrate FR-4 of 1.6 mm height and dielectric constant of 4.4. Details of a compact, low profile dual band PIFA antenna with slotted ground and patch and height of 4 mm are presented and studied in this paper.

References

[1]. R. G. Vaughan and J. B. Andersen, (1987). “Antenna diversity in mobile communications”. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 147-172.

[2]. G. F. Pedersen and J. B. Andersen, (1999). “Handset antennas for mobile communications: Integration, diversity and performance”. Rev. Radio Sci. 1996-1999, pp. 119-133.

[3]. Ko, S.C.K., and Murch, R.D, (2001). “Compact integrated diversity antenna for wireless communications”. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol 49, No. 6, pp. 954-960.

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i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems (JCS)

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Volume 5 Issue 2 February - April 2016

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A Compact Triple Band Monopole Antenna With U-Shaped Slots For Wireless Applications

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Compact Dual Port Triple Band MIMO Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Wireless Applications

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* PG Scholar, Department of Communication Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai CG, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Telecommunication, Shri Shankarachrya Technical Campus, Bhilai CG, India.

Shweta Gupta* , Sudhanshu Verma, G.S. Tripathi*

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

* HOD, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

*PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

**Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.