Assessing the Method of Minimizing Wastage of Construction Materials on Selected Public Building Projects in SNNRP Ethiopia
Investigation of Geo-Polymer Concrete Incorporating Industrial Waste: Effect of Sodium Hydroxide Molarity under Open-Air Curing
Parametric Design and Structural Analysis of RCC Industrial Chimneys under Wind and Thermal Loads using STAAD.Pro
Retrofitting on Reinforcement Concrete Structures
Recent Developments in Sustainable Concrete: Performance and Life Cycle Assessment of Rice Husk Ash, Recycled Materials, and Nanotechnology
Study on Strength Properties of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate Concrete
A Step By Step Illustrative Procedure to Perform Isogeometric Analysis and Find the Nodal Displacements for a Two Dimensional Plate Structure
Lateral - Torsional Buckling of Various Steel Trusses
Comparative Study on Methodology of Neo-Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis Over DSHA and PSHA
A Step by Step Procedure to Perform Isogeometric Analysis of Beam and Bar Problems in Civil Engineering Including Sizing Optimisation of a Beam
Investigation on the Properties of Non Conventional Bricks
Analysis on Strength and Fly Ash Effect of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement using M-Sand
Investigation on Pozzolanic Effect of Mineral Admixtures in Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement
Effect of Symmetrical Floor Plan Shapes with Re-Entrant Corners on Seismic Behavior of RC Buildings
Effect of Relative Stiffness of Beam and Column on the Shear Lag Phenomenon in Tubular Buildings
The Ethiopian construction activities have grown exponentially, but the construction management practices are poor. The construction industry in Arba Minch is an active and crucial segment in the economic development of the town. The general objective of this study was to investigate the factors affecting construction material wastage on building works. This study also identifies the main causes, determines the percentage of construction materials, ranks and analyzes the main effect on the group of factors, and measures the minimization practices of construction material wastage on building works. The data analyzed was calculated using the relative importance index (RII) and the numerical formula to determine material quantity data. The research discovered that the major factors that cause construction waste in building projects were materials, which were quantified as per the percentage level of wastage: coarse aggregate (13.15%), fine aggregate (12.55%), HCB (12.25%), reinforcement steel (8.95%), concrete mix (8.25%), and cement (6.11%) are the key materials wasted on construction sites. Therefore, this study concluded that, in order to minimize wastage on building works, good construction management, proper storage and handling of materials, reuse of waste materials, and the use of appropriate software packages to minimize design changes and overordering should be practiced.
Currently, the increase in population and industrial growth generates large amounts of waste, creating disposal problems and severe environmental hazards. The cement industry is one of the important sectors that liberates greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. The consumption of waste products eradicates the disposal issues, and also it diminishes the emission of greenhouse gases to the environment. This is an important reason for the introduction of cement-free geopolymer concrete. This paper was invented to understand the suitability of geopolymer concrete cured at ambient temperature in the construction industry and the effect of molarity on strength properties. In total, five types of geopolymer concrete mixes were prepared by altering the molarities of sodium hydroxide, like 4M, 6M, 8M, 10M, and 12M. The compressive strengths (1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days), splitting tensile strengths (7, 14, and 28 days), and flexural strengths at 28 days were studied for the aforementioned molarities. Generally, the rise in molarity increases the compressive strength. The ultimate strength was achieved up to 57.53 MPa at 28 days for 8M geopolymer concrete. For the validation of compressive strength predicted by the destructive test (DT), the non-destructive tests (NDT) (rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity) were carried out at a resembled age of curing. Regression analysis is also done between compressive strength established by DT and NDT results. The arrived linear regression equations were well correlated with the experimental results, and the coefficient (R²) values varied from 0.8970 to 0.9967.
Reinforced concrete (RCC) industrial chimneys are slender structures primarily governed by wind-induced lateral forces and temperature-induced stresses. With increasing chimney heights to meet environmental regulations, combined wind–thermal effects demand detailed structural evaluation. This study presents a parametric design and structural analysis of a 107 m high self-supporting RCC chimney in accordance with IS 4998 (Part 1):1992 and IS 6533 (Part 1):1989. Manual calculations and STAAD.Pro-based numerical analysis were performed considering dead load, wind load, and thermal gradient effects. Stress evaluation was carried out at critical sections along the height. Results indicate that the maximum compressive stress at the base reached 12.42 N/mm², exceeding the permissible limit by approximately 9.6%, while tensile stresses developed at upper sections due to wind-induced bending. Thermal stresses further amplified base stress levels, highlighting their significant contribution to overall structural demand. The study concludes that conventional design using M25 concrete is inadequate for the adopted geometry, and recommends higher concrete grades, optimized reinforcement ratios, or prestressed solutions. The findings emphasize the necessity of combined wind–thermal analysis for slender RCC chimneys to ensure codal compliance and structural safety.
Concrete building deterioration is a worldwide problem in the present environment. This is because some of the causes include natural hazards such as earthquakes, lack of adherence to some very important and necessary codal rules in construction, poor supervision, and many others. Hence, the structures are weak. Deformations and corrosion are severe when loads are applied on the structures, and they need to be addressed immediately. It is therefore imperative to mention that repair, retrofit, and strengthen are some of the usual processes that are currently employed in the construction industry in order to address all these effects on reinforced concrete structures. Even newly constructed buildings can require repair or reinforcement to address design flaws or construction deficiencies. Strengthening involves specialized techniques to enhance the capacity and restore structural elements damaged by fire, earthquakes, foundation settlement, impacts, or overloading. Retrofitting provides an effective method to ensure that existing structures are better prepared to withstand future earthquakes or other natural hazards. Retrofitting reduces the chances of damage to a structure in the event of seismic activity in the near future. It is an effort to bring a structure to comply with the present seismic design standards. In the last few years, a lot of effort has been put into the development of different types of strengthening and rehabilitation methods to enhance the seismic performance of structures. The aim of this paper is to present a number of innovative and cost-effective local retrofitting techniques that can be used to improve the strength of damaged structures.
This paper reviews research from 2022 to 2025 focusing on sustainable concrete incorporating rice husk ash (RHA), recycled aggregates, waste rubber, and nanomaterials. The highlights are mechanical strength, durability, life cycle analysis, and environmental influence. Research records that RHA and rubber tyres improve compressive strength by up to 9.5% over the controls, with superior durability to resist chloride and acid aggression. Life cycle analyses report lowered carbon footprints and higher resource efficiency, and statistical and machine learning simulations optimize mix designs.
