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i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering (JSTE)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 4

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 3 September - November 2021

Research Paper

Experimental Investigation on the Behavior of GFRP Reinforced Column Subjected to Eccentric Loading

Gurubasav S. Hiremath* , Ganesh K. Hebbal**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Hiremath, G. S., and Hebbal, G. K. (2021). Experimental Investigation on the Behavior of GFRP Reinforced Column Subjected to Eccentric Loading. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18380

Abstract

The use of steel bars as reinforcement under certain conditions for concrete structures is not preferred, since steel is subject to corrosion. One of the good alternatives to steel bars is Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) rebars. FRP composites are gaining acceptance due to high strength/stiffness to self-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. In this paper, the experimental program consists of four rectangular short columns subjected to eccentric loading. Out of these four rectangular short columns, two columns were reinforced with conventional steel and other two columns with GFRP bars. This paper describes the experimental study conducted to investigate the behavior of short columns subjected to eccentric loading when changing the spacing of transverse reinforcement.

References

[1]. Abbood, I. S., aldeen Odaa, S., Hasan, K. F., & Jasim, M. A. (2021). Properties evaluation of fiber reinforced polymers and their constituent materials used in structures–A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 43, 1003-1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.636

[2]. De Luca, A., Matta, F., & Nanni, A. (2010). Behavior of full-scale glass fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete columns under axial load. ACI Structural Journal, 107(5), 589-596.

[3]. Husain, S. F., Shariq, M., & Masood, A. (2018, March). GFRP bars for RC structures-A Review. In International Conference on Advances in Construction Materials and Structures, IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

[4]. Lotfy, E. M. (2011). Behavior of reinforced concrete short columns with fiber reinforced polymers bars. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 3(1), 43-55.

[5]. Othman, Z. S., & Mohammad, A. H. (2019). Behaviour of eccentric concrete columns reinforced with carbon fibre-reinforced polymer bars. Advances in Civil Engineering. Article ID 1769212. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1769212

[6]. Prachasaree, W., Piriyakootorn, S., Sangsrijun, A., & Limkatanyu, S. (2015). Behavior and performance of GFRP reinforced concrete columns with various types of stirrups. International Journal of Polymer Science. Article ID 237231. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/237231

[7]. Sharma, U. K., & Bhargava, P. (2005). Behavior of confined high strength concrete columns under axial compression. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 3(2), 267-281. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact. 3.267

[8]. Tobbi, H., Farghaly, A. S., & Benmokrane, B. (2012). Concrete columns reinforced longitudinally and transversally with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars. ACI Structural Journal, 109(4), 551-558.

[9]. Zadeh, H. J., & Nanni, A. (2013). Design of RC columns using glass FRP reinforcement. Journal of Composites for Construction, 17(3), 294-304. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000354

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Research Paper

Analytical Study on Structural Behavior of GFRP Laminated Composite Slab

Priyadarshini G.* , A. Leema Rose**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Priyadarshini, G., and Rose, A. L. (2021). Analytical Study on Structural Behavior of GFRP Laminated Composite Slab. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18101

Abstract

Structural deterioration is a major problem faced in the field of civil engineering. The major reasons for damages are non-engineered construction, improper execution, and wear and tear. Under such conditions, construction is not advisable. Many researchers have subsequently found many new ideas and attempts in which the use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) has provided more benefits in strengthening the element without increasing the element's own weight. Nowadays, FRP is increasingly being used in all types of reinforced concrete elements such as beams, columns, slabs, etc. In this paper, GFRP strips are used to strengthen the member. The new attempt will be the application of GFRP strips in number of layers. This paper presents the results based on the analysis of the slabs using ANSYS software. The materials used for this analysis are RC slab with and without GFRP lamination. The slab size is 1500 mm x 900 mm x 100 mm. in which one slab will be laminated by GFRP strips in three layers of same size used for analysis. The results of the analysis clearly show that the use of GRP laminates in three layers in the RC slab significantly increases the strength compared to a conventional slab.

References

[1]. ACI Committee 440. (2008). Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures (ACI 440.2R-08). American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.

[2]. Alex, B. A., & Varghese, S. M. (2018). Experimental Study on Strengthening of RC Slab using GFRP Sheets. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 6(06), 1-3.

[3]. Buyukozturk, O., Gunes, O., & Karaca, E. (2004). Progress on understanding debonding problems in reinforced concrete and steel members strengthened using FRP composites. Construction and Building Materials, 18(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950- 0618(03)00094-1

[4]. Chiew, S. P., Sun, Q., & Yu, Y. (2007). Flexural strength of RC beams with GFRP laminates. Journal of Composites for Construction, 11(5), 497-506. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:5(497)

[5]. Elsayed, W., Ebead, U. A., & Neale, K. W. (2007). Interfacial behavior and debonding failures in FRPstrengthened concrete slabs. Journal of Composites for Construction, 11(6), 619-628. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:6(619)

[6]. Grace, N. F., Sayed, G. A., Soliman, A. K., & Saleh, K. R. (1999). Strengthening reinforced concrete beams using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. ACI Structural Journal, 96(5), 865-874. https://doi.org/10.14359/741

[7]. Mosallam, A. S., & Mosalam, K. M. (2003). Strengthening of two-way concrete slabs with FRP composite laminates. Construction and Building Materials, 17(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950- 0618(02)00092-2

[8]. Nakaba, K., Kanakubo, T., Furuta, T., & Yoshizawa, H. (2001). Bond behavior between fiber-reinforced polymer laminates and concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 98(3), 359-367. https://doi.org/10.14359/10224

[9]. Priyadarshini, G., Karthika, S., & Rose, A. L. (2021). Study on Structural Behaviour of GFRP laminated Composite Slab: State-of-the-art-review. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 8(3), 666-673

[10]. Rose, A. L., Suguna, K., & Ragunath, P. N. (2014). Behaviour of Corrosion Damaged RC Beams with UDCGFRP Laminate. Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2(2) 74-79.

[11]. Tank, T., & Modhera, C. D. (2017). Finite element modelling of RC slab strengthened with GFRP. Materials Today: Proceedings, 4(9), 9784-9791. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.matpr.2017.06.267

[12]. Wiater, A., & Siwowski, T. (2020). Serviceability and ultimate behaviour of GFRP reinforced lightweight concrete slabs: Experimental test versus code prediction. Composite Structures, 239, 112020. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.compstruct.2020.112020

[13]. Zaman, A., Gutub, S. A., & Wafa, M. A. (2013). A review on FRP composites applications and durability concerns in the construction sector. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 32(24), 1966-1988. https://doi. org/10.1177%2F0731684413492868

[14]. Zeng, Y., Caspeele, R., Matthys, S., & Taerwe, L. (2016). Compressive membrane action in FRP strengthened RC members. Construction and Building Materials, 126, 442-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. conbuildmat.2016.09.061

[15]. Zhu, Y., & Zhang, Y. X. (2010). Nonlinear finite element analyses of FRP-reinforced concrete slabs using a new layered composite plate element. Computational Mechanics, 46(3), 417-430. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00466-010-0485-1

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Review Paper

Fatigue Life Evaluation of High Strength Steel used in Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures

Menaka B.* , Vinoth Kumar N.**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Menaka, B., and Kumar, N. V. (2021). Fatigue Life Evaluation of High Strength Steel used in Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18102

Abstract

Fatigue is one of the principal modes of failure to be considered in the design of components and structures subjected to repetitive types of loads. The stress intensity factor for the support structures of offshore wind turbines must be evaluated depending on how long the structure can last for future prediction. This study reviewed literatures on fatigue life evaluation of high strength steels used in the support structures of floating offshore wind turbines. The study provides preliminary support for a proposal for a new code provision under the Indian Standard Code for fatigue and fracture testing.

References

[1]. Alati, N., Nava, V., Failla, G., Arena, F., & Santini, A. (2014). On the fatigue behavior of support structures for offshore wind turbines. Wind and Structures, 18(2), 117- 134. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2014.18.2.117

[2]. ASTM. (2013, February 1). ASTM 1823-2013: Standard Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing. American Society for Testing and Materials, PA: West Conshohocken.

[3]. Chen, L., & Basu, B. (2018). Fatigue load estimation of a spar-type floating offshore wind turbine considering wave-current interactions. International Journal of Fatigue, 116, 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue. 2018.06.002

[4]. Froese, M. (2019, February 6). Excipio Energy Unveils New Hybrid Floating Offshore Wind Platform. Wind Power Engineering & Development. Retrieved from https://www. windpowerengineering.com/excipio-energy-unveilsnew- hybrid-floating-offshore-wind-platform/

[5]. Hasegawa, K., Li, Y., Bezensek, B., Hoang, P. H., & Rathbun, H. J. (2016). Technical basis for application of collapse moments for locally thinned pipes subjected to torsion and bending proposed for ASME Section XI. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 138(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.4031505

[6]. Jimenez-Martinez, M. (2020). Fatigue of offshore structures: A review of statistical fatigue damage assessment for stochastic loadings. International Journal of Fatigue, 132, 105327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijfatigue.2019.105327

[7]. Li, H., Diaz, H., & Soares, C. G. (2020). A developed failure mode and effect analysis for floating offshore wind turbine support structures. Renewable Energy, 164, 133- 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.033

[8]. Li, Y., Hasegawa, K., Miura, N., & Hoshino, K. (2013). Experimental investigation of failure estimation method for stainless steel pipes with a circumferential crack subjected to combined tensile and torsion loads. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 135(4), 1-8. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.4023735

[9]. Li, Y., Hasegawa, K., Miura, N., & Hoshino, K. (2017). Experimental study on failure estimation method for circumferentially cracked pipes subjected to multi-axial loads. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 139(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4033531

[10]. Miura, N., Hoshino, K., Li, Y., & Hasegawa, K. (2013). Experimental investigation on net-section-collapse criterion for circumferentially cracked cylinders subjected to torsional moment. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 136(3), 031204-1-031204-5. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.4026277

[11]. Yeter, B., Garbatov, Y., & Soares, C. G. (2015). Fatigue damage assessment of fixed offshore wind turbine tripod support structures. Engineering Structures, 101, 518-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.07.038

[12]. Yeter, B., Garbatov, Y., & Soares, C. G. (2016). Evaluation of fatigue damage model predictions for fixed offshore wind turbine support structures. International Journal of Fatigue, 87, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijfatigue.2016.01.007

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Review Paper

Behavior of Deep Beam Strengthened with GFRP Sheets: A Review

A. Meena* , K. Suganya Devi**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Meena, A., and Devi, K. S. (2021). Behavior of Deep Beam Strengthened with GFRP Sheets: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18103

Abstract

Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) are considered to increase the lifespan of concrete structures. GFRP shows many important and necessary properties such as low weight to strength ratio, non-corrosive, high fatigue strength, and high tensile strength, crack pattern and crack width, load-deflection curves, etc. RC deep beams are highly resistant to bending failure and therefore have improved flexural performance. This study reviewed the literature on the shear behavior of deep beams strengthened with GFRP sheets. This study, in future will extend preliminary support for new method of section reinforcement in element design. In this paper, shear strengthening with various techniques with the application of FRP has been presented. This study represents preliminary support for proposing a new shear strengthening technique during the design of the member.

References

[1]. Al-Rousan, R. Z., & Issa, M. A. (2016). The effect of beam depth on the shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams externally strengthened with carbon fiber–reinforced polymer composites. Advances in Structural Engineering, 19(11), 1769-1779. https://doi. org/10.1177%2F1369433216649386

[2]. Azam, R., Soudki, K., West, J. S., & Noël, M. (2018). Shear strengthening of RC deep beams with cementbased composites. Engineering Structures, 172, 929- 937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.085

[3]. Balamuralikrishnan, R., & Jeyasehar, C. A. (2009). Flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabrics. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 3(1), 102- 109. https://doi.org/10. 2174/1874149500903010102

[4]. Campione, G. (2012). Flexural behavior of steel fibrous reinforced concrete deep beams. Journal of Structural Engineering, 138(2), 235-246. https://doi.org/ 10.1061/ (ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000442

[5]. Dong, J., Wang, Q., & Guan, Z. (2013). Structural behaviour of RC beams with external flexural and flexural–shear strengthening by FRP sheets. Composites Part B: Engineering, 44(1), 604-612. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.compositesb.2012.02.018

[6]. El-Sheikh, H. E. D. F., & Abdelkaber, A. A. M. (2015). Application of glass fiber reinforced polymer rods as an alternative to iron in concretes. Journal of Academy for Basic and Applied Sciences, 14(2).

[7]. Ghanem, G., Abd El-Bakey, S., Ali, T., & Yehia, S. (2016). Behavior of RC beams retrofitted/strengthened with external post-tension system. International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and Energy Science (IJCMES), 2(1), 36- 43.

[8]. Hawileh, R. A., Rasheed, H. A., Abdalla, J. A., & Al- Tamimi, A. K. (2014). Behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded hybrid fiber reinforced polymer systems. Materials & Design, 53, 972- 982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.087

[9]. Islam, M. R., Mansur, M. A., & Maalej, M. (2005). Shear strengthening of RC deep beams using externally bonded FRP systems. Cement and Concrete Composites, 27(3), 413-420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. cemconcomp.2004.04.002

[10]. Kumari, A., Patel, S. S., & Nayak, A. N. (2018). Shear strengthening of RC deep beam using externally bonded GFRP fabrics. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 99(2), 341-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030- 018-0272-0

[11]. Li, W., & Leung, C. K. (2016). Shear span–depth ratio effect on behavior of RC beam shear strengthened with full-wrapping FRP strip. Journal of Composites for Construction, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC. 1943-5614.0000627

[12]. Saraswathy, T., & Dhanalakshmi, K. (2014). Investigation of flexural behaviour of RCC beams using GFRP bars. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 5(1), 333-338.

[13]. Shrivastava, R., Gupta, U., & Choubey, U. B. (2013). Effect of cyclic loading on flexural behaviour of FRP strengthened RC beams: A stability point approach. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(6).

[14]. Zaher, A. H., Montaser, W. M., & M Elsonbaty, M. (2020). Strengthening and repairing of RC deep beams using CFRP and GFRP. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 11(1).

[15]. Zhang, Z., & Hsu, C. T. T. (2005). Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminates. Journal of Composites for Construction, 9(2), 158-169. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:2(158)

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Review Paper

Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Effective Openings: A Review

D. Sathiyapriya* , K. Suganya Devi**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering , SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Sathiyapriya, D., and Devi, K. S. (2021). Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Effective Openings: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18209

Abstract

Recent RC beam structures are constructed with openings to accommodate pipes and utility ducts Research is being actively carried out on RC beams with web openings and their various types. This paper aims to compile and review the publications on the structural behavior of RC beam openings with and without strengthening techniques. Various features and characteristics will be discussed including the types of openings and their specification along with their structural behavior of RC beams.

References

[1]. Abdalla, H. A., Torkey, A. M., Haggag, H. A., & Abu- Amira, A. F. (2003). Design against cracking at openings in reinforced concrete beams strengthened with composite sheets. Composite Structures, 60(2), 197-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(02)00305-7

[2]. Aksoylu, C., Yazman, Ş., Özkılıç, Y. O., Gemi, L., & Arslan, M. H. (2020). Experimental analysis of reinforced concrete shear deficient beams with circular web openings strengthened by CFRP composite. Composite Structures, 249, 112561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. compstruct.2020.112561

[3]. Amiri, J. V., & ALibygie, M. H. (2004, August). Effect of small circular opening on the shear and flexural behavior and ultimate strength of reinforced concrete beams using normal and high strength concrete. In 13^th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No.3239.

[4]. Aykac, B., Kalkan, I., Aykac, S., & Egriboz, Y. E. (2013). Flexural behavior of RC beams with regular square or circular web openings. Engineering Structures, 56, 2165- 2174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.08.043

[5]. El-Demerdash, W. E., El-Metwally, S. E., El-Zoughiby, M. E., & Ghaleb, A. A. (2016). Behavior of RC shallow and deep beams with openings via the strut-and-tie model method and nonlinear finite element. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 41(2), 401-424. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s13369-015-1678-x

[6]. Elsanadedy, H. M., Al-Salloum, Y. A., Almusallam, T. H., Alshenawy, A. O., & Abbas, H. (2019). Experimental and numerical study on FRP-upgraded RC beams with large rectangular web openings in shear zones. Construction and Building Materials, 194, 322-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.238

[7]. Halyal, A., & Urs, N. (2019). Analytical study of strengthening of RCC beam openings by BFRP composites using ABAQUS. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 2(3), 716-720.

[8]. Hasnat, A., & Akhtaruzzaman, A.A., (1987). Beams with small rectangular opening under torsion, bending and shear. Journal of the Structural Division, 113(10), 2253-2270.

[9]. Hassan, N. Z., Sherif, A. G., & Zamarawy, A. H. (2017). Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete beams with opening strengthened using FRP. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 8(4), 531-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej. 2015.10.011

[10]. Jainu, P. S., & Rajalakshmi. (2019). Analytical study on shear behaviour of T beam with web openings. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 7(6), 167-171.

[11]. Latha, M. S., & Kumar, B. N. (2017). Behavior of reinforced concrete beam with opening. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 8(7), 581-593.

[12]. Mahmoud, A. M. (2012). Strengthening of concrete beams having shear zone openings using orthotropic CFRP modeling. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 3(3), 177-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2012.02.005

[13]. Mansur, M. A. (1998). Effect of openings on the behaviour and strength of R/C beams in shear. Cement and Concrete Composites, 20(6), 477-486. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0958-9465(98)00030-4

[14]. Mansur, M. A. (2006, September). Design of reinforced concrete beams with web openings. In Proceedings of the 6^th Asia-Pacific Structural Engineering and Construction Conference (ASPEC 2006) (pp. 104- 120).

[15]. Mansur, M. A., & Paramasivam, P. (1984, March). Reinforced concrete beams with small opening in bending and torsion. ACI Journal Proceedings, 81(2), 180-185.

[16]. Mansur, M. A., & Tan, K. H. (1999). Concrete beams with openings: Analysis and design (Vol. 20). CRC Press.

[17]. Mansur, M. A., Ting, S. K., & Lee, S. L. (1983). Torsion tests of R/C beams with large openings. Journal of Structural Engineering, 109(8), 1780-1791. https://doi. org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1983)109:8(1780)

[18]. Mansur, M. A., Tan, K. H., Lee, Y. F., & Lee, S. L. (1991). Piecewise linear behavior of RC beams with openings. Journal of Structural Engineering, 117(6), 1607-1621. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117: 6(1607)

[19]. Mansur, M. A., Tan, K. H., & Weng, W. (2001). Analysis of reinforced concrete beams with circular openings using strut-and-tie model. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation (pp. 311-318). Elsevier Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008043948- 8/50030-8

[20]. Nie, X. F., Zhang, S. S., & Yu, T. (2020). Behaviour of RC beams with a fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP)- strengthened web opening. Composite Structures, 252, 112684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112684

[21]. Osman, B. H., Wu, E., Ji, B., & Abdulhameed, S. S. (2017). Shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with circular web openings without additional shear reinforcement. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 21(1), 296-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-016-0387-7

[22]. Prentzas, E. G. (1968). Behaviour and Reinforcement of Concrete Beams with Large Rectangular Apertures. (Doctoral dissertation), Department of Civil & Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.

[23]. Somes, N. F., & Corley, W. G. (1974). Circular openings in webs of continuous beams. ACI Symposium Publication, 42, 359-398.

i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering (JSTE)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 4

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 3 September - November 2021

Experimental Investigation on the Behavior of GFRP Reinforced Column Subjected to Eccentric Loading

Gurubasav S. Hiremath* , Ganesh K. Hebbal**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Hiremath, G. S., and Hebbal, G. K. (2021). Experimental Investigation on the Behavior of GFRP Reinforced Column Subjected to Eccentric Loading. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18380

Abstract

References

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Analytical Study on Structural Behavior of GFRP Laminated Composite Slab

Priyadarshini G.* , A. Leema Rose**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Priyadarshini, G., and Rose, A. L. (2021). Analytical Study on Structural Behavior of GFRP Laminated Composite Slab. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18101

Abstract

References

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Fatigue Life Evaluation of High Strength Steel used in Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures

Menaka B.* , Vinoth Kumar N.**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Menaka, B., and Kumar, N. V. (2021). Fatigue Life Evaluation of High Strength Steel used in Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structures. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18102

Abstract

References

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Behavior of Deep Beam Strengthened with GFRP Sheets: A Review

A. Meena* , K. Suganya Devi**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Meena, A., and Devi, K. S. (2021). Behavior of Deep Beam Strengthened with GFRP Sheets: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18103

Abstract

References

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Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Effective Openings: A Review

D. Sathiyapriya* , K. Suganya Devi**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering , SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Sathiyapriya, D., and Devi, K. S. (2021). Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Effective Openings: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(3), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.3.18209

Abstract

References

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