i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering (JSTE)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 3

Assessment of Uncertainty of Error in Design Flood Estimates Using 2-Parameter Log Normal Distribution
The Impact of Plan Irregularity on Multistory Building Response: A Pushover Analysis
Static and Vibration Analysis of Reinforced Cement Concrete Cellular Beams: A Three-Dimensional Study
Pumice as a Coarse Aggregate Substitute for Lightweight Concrete: Strength and Density Assessment
Masonry Infill in Structural Analysis: Effects on Seismic Performance

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 1 March - May 2021

Research Paper

Fatigue Reliability Assessment of Aged Railway Plate Girder Bridge by Probabilistic S-N Curve Approach

Rajeeth T. J. * , G. Ravi **

* Department of Civil Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

** Department of Civil Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Rajeeth, T. J., and Ravi, G. (2021). Fatigue Reliability Assessment of Aged Railway Plate Girder Bridge by Probabilistic S-N Curve Approach. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18073

Abstract

The expansion of the railway traffic during the last decades is considered as primary stage towards the evaluation of the remaining service life of the existing railway bridges. The objective of this paper is to review live loads, determination of fatigue damage and reliability index of the plate girder bridge. The assessment of the bridge has been made using Indian Standard code IS 800:2007, which is based on S-N curve approach. Data has been collected on train loads along a particular railway route and from the statistical analysis of the data, the representative train loads are identified which forms the load spectrum. The developed load spectrum is used to find the stress ranges and by applying S-N curve parameters, the damage calculation has been made and then the reliability index of the bridge is determined.

References

[1]. British Standard Institute. (1980). Steel, concrete and composite bridges - Code of practice for fatigue (BS 5400- 10: 1980). London.

[2]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2007). General construction in steel - Code of practice (IS 800: 2007). New Delhi, India.

[3]. Goel, R. K., & Narayan, H. O. (2006). Fatigue life assessment of steel bridges. In IPWE Seminar on Bridge Design, Construction, Rehabilitation and Maintenance at Chennai, India (pp. 148-159).

[4]. Guo, T., Frangopol, D. M., & Chen, Y. (2012). Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridge details integrating weigh-in-motion data and probabilistic finite element analysis. Computers & Structures, 112, 245-257. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2012.09.002

[5]. Imam, B. M., & Righiniotis, T. D. (2010). Fatigue evaluation of riveted railway bridges through global and local analysis. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66(11), 1411-1421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04. 015

[6]. Kauzlarich, J. J. (1989). The Palmgren-Miner rule derived. In Tribological Design of Machine Elements, Proceedings of the 15th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology Held At Bodington Hall, The University of Leeds (Vol. 14, pp. 175-179). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0 167-8922(08)70192-5

[7]. Marques, F., Correia, J. A., de Jesus, A. M., Cunha, A., Caetano, E., & Fernandes, A. A. (2018). Fatigue analysis of a railway bridge based on fracture mechanics and local modelling of riveted connections. Engineering Failure Analysis, 94, 121-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailan al.2018.07.016

[8]. Ranganathan, R. (1999). Structural reliability analysis and design. Mumbai, India: Jaico Publishing House.

[9]. Shinde, V., Jha, J., Tewari, A., & Miashra, S. (2018). Modified rainflow counting algorithm for fatigue life calculation. In Proceedings of Fatigue, Durability and Fracture Mechanics (pp. 381-387). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6002-1_30

[10]. Soliman, M., Frangopol, D. M., & Kown, K. (2013). Fatigue assessment and service life prediction of existing steel bridges by integrating SHM into a probabilistic bilinear S-N approach. Journal of Structural Engineering, 139(10), 1728-1740. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0 000584

[11]. Southern Zone Time Table. (2019). South Western Railway, Indian Railways. Retrieved from https://swr.indian railways.gov.in/

[12]. Zhao, Z., Haldar, A., & Breen Jr, F. L. (1994). Fatigue reliability evaluation of steel bridges. Journal of Structural Engineering, 120(5), 1608-1623. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:5(1608)

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Research Paper

Effect of Floor Plan Shape on Seismic Responses of Base-Isolated Buildings

Abhishek Mishra* , Madan Chandra Maurya, Faheem Ahmad Khan*

, Department of Civil Engineering, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Department of Civil Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur,Uttar Pradesh, India.

Mishra, A., Maurya, M. C., and Khan, F. A. (2021). Effect of Floor Plan Shape on Seismic Responses of Base-Isolated Buildings. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18315

Abstract

In this present study, an effect of floor plan shape on seismic response of base-isolated buildings, linear modal time history analysis has been done on 9 models of 15 storey building. The modelling consists of different floor plan shapes buildings such as square shape plan, rectangular shape plan and H-shaped plan building with varying base such as fixed base, lead rubber bearing and friction pendulum system respectively. The Time History Analysis (THA) has been done on the base near fault ground motion dataof El Centro city taking IS 1893: 2016 into consideration. The seismic zone V and soft soil is selected for the THA of all the models. The modelling and analysis has been done with the help of software ETABS version 17.0.1 and the responses recorded are such as maximum storey displacement, maximum storey drift, maximum storey acceleration, maximum base shear, maximum absolute joint acceleration at the joint 1 of the top storey and modal time period. The responses recorded are compared on the basis of similar plan shapes with the different bases. As we all know that the population is growing extensively, so the need of multi-storey residential buildings is also increasing and hence they are exposed to seismic destruction in earthquake prone zones. In this study, efforts has been made to conclude how effectively LRB and FPS reduces such damages so that a structural engineer can enhance the stability of the structure and can save valuable life and money in earthquake prone zones.

References

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Research Paper

Comparative Study on Strength and Permeability of Pozzolona Pervious Concrete Made with Three Different Sizes of Coarse Aggregate

Vailada Vinay * , Franklin, Chandramouli Sangamreddi , Satya Chaitanya Vasanta , Bandaru Taruni

- Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-***** Department of Civil Engineering, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Vinay, V., Adiseshu, S., Sangamreddi, C., Vasanta, S. C., and Taruni, B. (2021). Comparative Study on Strength and Permeability of Pozzolona Pervious Concrete Made with Three Different Sizes of Coarse Aggregate. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.17888

Abstract

An attempt has been made in the present study to compare strength and permeability of pozzolona pervious concrete made with three different uniform sized aggregates. The strength of pervious concrete mainly depends upon the proportions of which the concrete is made off and size of aggregate used. The combinations of cement and fly ash (for replacement of cement by weight) considered are, (FC1)10% fly ash, 90% cement; (FC2) 20% fly ash, 80% cement; (FC3) 25% fly ash, 75% cement; and (FC4) 30% fly ash, 70% cement. Also, the aggregate of sizes 10 mm (UA10), 12.5 mm (UA12.5) and 20 mm (UA20) have been used. Two different water-binder ratios (w/b) 0.35 and 0.4 are considered to study the strength and permeability. Tests are conducted to determine compressive strength and permeability for various combinations. The various results obtained are presented in detail. Higher w/b ratio shows lower values of compressive strength. Therefore, it is recommended to select proper w/b ratio before using the pervious concrete in the field.

References

[1]. Akand, L., Yang, M., & Gao, Z. (2016). Characterization of pervious concrete through image based micromechanical modeling. Construction and Building Materials, 114, 547-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuild mat.2016.04.005

[2]. American Concrete Institute. (2010). Report on pervious concrete (ACI PRC-522-10)(Reapproved 2011). Retrieved from https://www.concrete.org/store/product detail.aspx?ItemID=52210&Format=PROTECTED_PDF& Language=English&Units=US_AND_METRIC

[3]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1958). Methods of tests for strength of concrete (IS 516 1958). New Delhi, India.

[4]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2009). Concrete mix design proportioning – Guidelines (IS 10262: 2009). New Delhi, India.

[5]. Chandrappa, A. K., & Prapoorna, B. K. (2018). Pore structure characterization of pervious concrete using x-ray microcomputed tomography. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 30(6), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE) MT.1943-5533.0002285

[6]. Chandrappa, A. K., & Biligiri, K. P. (2018). Methodology to develop pervious concrete mixtures for target properties emphasizing the selection of mixture variables. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements, 144(3), 1- 10. https://doi.org/10.1061/JPEODX.0000061

[7]. Chen, X., Wang, H., Najm, H., Venkiteela, G., & Hencken, J. (2019). Evaluating engineering properties and environmental impact of pervious concrete with fly ash and slag. Journal of Cleaner Production, 237, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117714

[8]. Ćosić, K., Korat, L., Ducman, V., & Netinger, I. (2015). Influence of aggregate type and size on properties of pervious concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 78, 69-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12. 073

[9]. Cui, X., Zhang, J., Huang, D., Liu, Z., Hou, F., Cui, S., ... Wang, Z. (2017). Experimental study on the relationship between permeability and strength of pervious concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 29(11), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002058

[10]. Grubeša, I. N., Barišić, I., Ducman, V., & Korat, L. (2018). Draining capability of single-sized pervious concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 169, 252- 260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.037

[11]. Indian Roads Congress. (2017). Guidelines for cement concrete mix design for pavements (IRC 44: 2017). Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/ 425398948/IRC-44-2017-III-Rev-Guidelines-for-Cement- Concrete-Mix-design-for-Pavements-pdf

[12]. Opiso, E. M., Supremo, R. P., & Perodes, J. R. (2019). Effects of coal fly ash and fine sawdust on the performance of pervious concrete. Heliyon, 5(11), 1-7. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02783

[13]. Sandoval, G. F., Galobardes, I., Teixeira, R. S., & Toralles, B. M. (2017). Comparison between the falling head and the constant head permeability tests to assess the permeability coefficient of sustainable pervious concretes. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 7, 317- 328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2017.09.001

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Research Paper

Analytical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Balanced Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams

Shankar H. Sanni*

Department of Civil Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Sanni, S. H. (2021). Analytical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Balanced Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18068

Abstract

The present paper gives a brief outline of experimental work and also numerical analysis carried out on geopolymer reinforced concrete beams (GRCB) using ANSYS software. The Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) has been prepared for M-30, M-40 and M-50 grade concrete with molarity of 12 and alkaline solution (combination of NaOH and Na2SiO3) in the ratio of 2.50. The results obtained with geopolymer concrete were almost higher with the conventional concrete specimens, and this observation has been true in numerical analysis with ANSYS also. Hence itmay be concluded that the geopolymer concrete prepared with industrial waste materials like fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) can be used as supplementary and eco-friendly material.

References

[1]. Bureau of Indian Standard. (1959). Methods of test for strength of concrete (IS:516-1959). New Delhi, India.

[2]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1963). Methods of test for aggregates for concrete-mechanical properties (IS:2386- IV:1963). New Delhi, India.

[3]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1970). Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete (IS:383-1970). New Delhi, India.

[4]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1987). Specifications for granulated slag for manufacture of Portland slag cement (IS:12089-1987). New Delhi, India.

[5]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2000). Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete (IS:456-2000). New Delhi, India.

[6]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2003). Specifications for fly ash for use as pozzolana and admixture (IS:3812-2003). New Delhi, India.

[7]. Davidovits, J. (2008). Geopolymer chemistry and applications. France: Geopolymer Institute.

[8]. Fernández-Jiménez, A., & Palomo, A. (2003). Characterisation of fly ashes. Potential reactivity as alkaline cements. Fuel, 82(18), 2259-2265. https://doi.org/10.101 6/S0016-2361(03)00194-7

[9]. Jayajothi, P., Kumutha, R., & Vijai, K. (2013). Finite element analysis of FRP strengthened RC beams using ANSYS. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (BHRC), 14(4), 631-642.

[10]. Khadiranaikar, R. B., & Sanni, S. H. (2014). Variation of alkaline solutions on mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete. ICI Journal, 15(1), 24-31.

[11]. Narasimha, C., Atil, B. T., & Sanni, S. H. (1999). Performance of concrete with quarry dust as fine aggregate - An experimental study. Civil Engineering and Construction Review, 12, 19-24.

[12]. Rangan, B. V. (2006). Studies on low-calcium fly ashbased geopolymer concrete. Indian Concrete Institute Journal, 2006(Oct-Dec), 9-17.

[13]. Rangan, B. V. (2008). Mix design and production of flyash based geopolymer concrete. The Indian Concrete Journal, 82(5), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322- 2187-6123

[14]. Sanni, S. H. (2015). Experimental Investigations on properties of geopolymer concrete (Doctoral Dissertation). Visvesvarya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

[15]. Schmücker, M., & MacKenzie, K. J. (2005). Microstructure of sodium polysialate siloxo geopolymer. Ceramics International, 31(3), 433-437. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ceramint.2004.06.006

[16]. Shetty, M. S. (2002). Concrete technology. New Delhi, India: S. Chand and Company Ltd.

[17]. Wolanski, A. J. (2004). Flexural behaviour of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams using finite element analysis (Doctoral Dissertation). Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

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Review Paper

Overview on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer – A Review

Fatheali Allabaksh Shilar*

Department of Civil Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubli, Karnataka, India.

Shilar, F. A. (2021). Overview on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer – A Review. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 40-56. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.17653

Abstract

Thanks to significant advances in mechanical development, the use of concrete has increased significantly in recent years, and the concrete industry generates about 1.35 billion tonnes of ozone depleting emissions each year, which is approximately 7% of all ozone depleting substances released into the environment. At the same time, thermal power plants generate a lot of fly ash that is not reused. This places a tremendous burden on effective waste management. As a result, a geopolymer innovation is one of the possible ways to limit CO₂ emissions from the concrete industry and using fly ash effectively. In terms of harmful atmospheric degradation, geopolymer based fly ash actuated by soluble activators not only has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of traditional Portland concrete cement, but also shows significant promise for applications in construction industry as an alternative to Portland cement. This article summarizes the current status of geopolymer adhesives and fly ash concrete, and reviews the most important research findings on various aspects of geopolymer concrete (GPB) in recent years. It also highlights important factors to consider when improving the performance of the GPC at elevated temperatures as well as at ambient temperatures.

References

[1]. Aleem, A., & Arumairaj, P. D. (2012). Geopolymer concrete – A review. International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies, 1(2), 118-122. https:// doi.org/10.7323/ijeset/v1_i2_14

[2]. Anuar, K. A., Ridzuan, A. R. M., & Ismail, S. (2011). Strength characteristic of geopolymer concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate. International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 11(1), 59-62.

[3]. Barbosa, V. F., MacKenzie, K. J., & Thaumaturgo, C. (2000). Synthesis and characterisation of materials based on inorganic polymers of alumina and silica: Sodium polysialate polymers. International Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2(4), 309-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1466-60 49(00)00041-6

[4]. Bhavin, B., Pitroda, J., & Bhavsar, J. J. (2013, December). Geopolymer concrete and its feasibility in India. In Proceedings of National Conference CRDCE13 (pp. 20-21).

[5]. Bidwe, S. S., & Hamane, A. A. (2015). Effect of different molarities of sodium hydroxide solution on the strength of geopolymer concrete. American Journal of Engineering Research, 4(3), 139-145.

[6]. Bureau of Indian Standard. (1959). Method of tests for strength of concrete [CED 2: Cement and Concrete] (IS 516-1959). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[7]. Bureau of Indian Standard. (1970). Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete (IS 383-1970). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[8]. Bureau of Indian Standard. (2013). Pulverized fuel ash — Specification part 1 for use as pozzolana in cement, cement mortar and concrete. Bureau of Indian Standards (IS 3812 (Part 1): 2013), New Delhi, India.

[9]. Davidovits, J. (2002, October). 30 years of successes and failures in geopolymer applications: Market trends and potential breakthroughs. In Geopolymer 2002 conference (Vol. 28, p. 29). Melbourne, Australia: Geopolymer Institute.

[10]. Davidovits, J. (2008). Geopolymer chemistry and th applications (4 ed.).Saint-Quentin, France: Institute Géopolymère.

[11]. Davidovits, J. (2010). What is a Geopolymer? Introduction. Saint-Quentin, France: Institute Géopolymère. Retrieved from http://www.geopolymer.org/science/ Introduction

[12]. Davidovits, J., Thorez, J., & Gaber, M. H. (1984). Pyramids of Egypt made of man-made stone, myth or fact? In Symposium on Archaeometry (pp. 26-27).

[13]. Gourley, J. T., & Johnson, G. B. (2005, June). Developments in geopolymer precast concrete. In World Congress Geopolymer (pp. 139-143). Saint-Quentin, France: Institute Géopolymère.

[14]. Guo, X., & Pan, X. (2020). Effects of steel slag on mechanical properties and mechanism of fly ash–based geopolymer. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 32(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.00 03012

[15]. Hameed, A. M., Rawdhan, R. R., & Al-Mishhadani, S. A. (2017). Effect of various factors on the manufacturing of geopolymer mortar. Archives of Science, 1(3), 1-8.

[16]. Hardjito, D., & Rangan, B. V. (2005). Development and properties of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (Report). Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia.

[17]. Hassan, A., Arif, M., & Shariq, M. (2019). Use of geopolymer concrete for a cleaner and sustainable environment–A review of mechanical properties and microstructure. Journal of Cleaner Production, 223, 704-728.

[18]. Jaydeep, S., & Chakravarthy, B. J. (2013). Study on fly ash based geo-polymer concrete using admixtures. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 4(10), 4614-4617.

[19]. Lloyd, N., & Rangan, V. (2009). Geopolymer concrete-sustainable cementless concrete. In Proceedings of Tenth ACI International Conference (pp. 33-53). Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute.

[20]. Madhava, N., Rao, M. D., & Divya, N. (2016). An experimental study on geo-polymer concrete incorporating GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnance Slag) and Metakaolin. International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology,545-553. https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.60097

[21]. Mahmoud, A. S., Mahmood, F. I., Kareem, A. H. A., & Khoshnaw, G. J. (2018, September). Assessment and evaluation of mechanical and microstructure performance for fly ash based geopolymer sustainable concrete. In 2018, 11th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) (pp. 256-261). IEEE. https:// doi.org/10.1109/DeSE.2018.00052

[22]. Motorwala, A., Shah, V., Kammula, R., Nannapaneni, P., & Raijiwala, D. B. (2013). Alkali activated fly-ash based geopolymer concrete. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 3(1), 159-166.

[23]. Nergis, D. B., Abdullah, M. M. A. B., Vizureanu, P., & Tahir, M. M. (2018, June). Geopolymers and their uses. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 374, No. 1, p. 012019). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/374/1/012019

[24]. Nuaklong, P., Jongvivatsakul, P., Pothisiri, T., Sata, V., & Chindaprasirt, P. (2020). Influence of rice husk ash on mechanical properties and fire resistance of recycled aggregate high-calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, 1-10. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119797

[25]. Partheeban, P., Iyappan, L., Hariharasudhan, C., & Udayakiran, R. (2020). Engineering properties of granite slurry based GEO polymer concrete. Test Engineering and Management, 14440-14447.

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i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering (JSTE)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 3

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 1 March - May 2021

Fatigue Reliability Assessment of Aged Railway Plate Girder Bridge by Probabilistic S-N Curve Approach

Rajeeth T. J. * , G. Ravi **

* Department of Civil Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India. ** Department of Civil Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Rajeeth, T. J., and Ravi, G. (2021). Fatigue Reliability Assessment of Aged Railway Plate Girder Bridge by Probabilistic S-N Curve Approach. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18073

Abstract

References

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Effect of Floor Plan Shape on Seismic Responses of Base-Isolated Buildings

Abhishek Mishra* , Madan Chandra Maurya**, Faheem Ahmad Khan***

*, *** Department of Civil Engineering, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. ** Department of Civil Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur,Uttar Pradesh, India.

Mishra, A., Maurya, M. C., and Khan, F. A. (2021). Effect of Floor Plan Shape on Seismic Responses of Base-Isolated Buildings. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 9-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18315

Abstract

References

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Comparative Study on Strength and Permeability of Pozzolona Pervious Concrete Made with Three Different Sizes of Coarse Aggregate

Vailada Vinay * , Franklin**, Chandramouli Sangamreddi ***, Satya Chaitanya Vasanta ****, Bandaru Taruni *****

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. ***-***** Department of Civil Engineering, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract

References

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Analytical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Balanced Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams

Shankar H. Sanni*

Department of Civil Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Sanni, S. H. (2021). Analytical Modelling and Experimental Validation of Balanced Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.18068

Abstract

References

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Overview on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer – A Review

Fatheali Allabaksh Shilar*

Department of Civil Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubli, Karnataka, India.

Shilar, F. A. (2021). Overview on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer – A Review. i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering, 10(1), 40-56. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.10.1.17653

Abstract

References

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* Department of Civil Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

** Department of Civil Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Abhishek Mishra* , Madan Chandra Maurya, Faheem Ahmad Khan*

, Department of Civil Engineering, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Department of Civil Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur,Uttar Pradesh, India.

Vailada Vinay * , Franklin, Chandramouli Sangamreddi , Satya Chaitanya Vasanta , Bandaru Taruni

- Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-***** Department of Civil Engineering, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.