i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering (JCE)

Current Issue Vol. 13 Issue 4

An Experimental Investigation to Determine the Failure Load of Optimal Hammer Head Pier Cap and Interpolate using Univariate Splines Machine Learning Algorithm
Assessment of Radius of Curvature along the Existing Road Networks
Sustainable Urban Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Safety Practices in Civil Engineering
Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Recycled Aggregate on the Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete
A Step by Step Analysis to Solve the Equation of Motion in Space and Time using Basis Splines - A Class Room Example

Most Cited

Volume 1 Issue 4 September - November 2011

Research Paper

Behaviour Of Waste Plastic Fibre Reinforced Concrete Produced By Conventional Aggregates And Recycled Aggregates Under Acidic And Alkali Environment- An Experimental Investigation

Prahallada M.C.* , Prakash K.B.**

* Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India.

** Principal, Government Engineering College, Devagiri, Haveri, India.

Prahallada, M. C. and Prakash, K. B. (2011). Behaviour Of Waste Plastic Fibre Reinforced Concrete Produced By Conventional Aggregates And Recycled Aggregates Under Acidic And Alkali Environment-An Experimental Investigation. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1690

Abstract

The addition of fibres into concrete has been found to improve several of its properties like tensile strength, cracking resistance, impact, wear and tear, ductility, fatigue resistance etc. Many types of fibres like steel fibres, carbon fibres, GI fibres, glass fibres, asbestos fibres etc., can be used in fibre reinforced concrete. Waste plastics can also be used as fibres. The disposal of waste plastic is resulting in environmental pollution. Plastic is a non-biodegradable material, and it neither decays nor degenerates in water or in soil. On the other hand it pollutes the water and soil. Plastic if burnt releases many toxic gases, which are very dangerous to health. Such plastics can be used in concrete in the form of fibres to impart some additional desirable qualities to the concrete. This paper presents the results of waste plastic fibre reinforced concrete (WPFRC) produced from recycled aggregates subjected to acid and alkali attack. The different percentages waste plastic fibre used in the experimentation are 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% with an aspect ratio of 50. The results are compared with the waste plastic fibre reinforced concrete (WPFRC) produced from granite aggregates.

References

[1]. Amjad Massod, et Al, (1998). “Variation in Strength of Concrete on Addition of Demolished Waste”, IC Journal, August, pp395-399.

[2]. Di Niro, G.E., Dolara, R., and Cairns “Recycled Aggregate Concrete (Rac) A Mix Design Procedure”,

[3]. Job Thomas and Syam Prakash. V., (1999). “Strength and Behavior of Plastic Fibre Reinforced Concrete”, Journal of Structural Engineering, October, Vol.26, No.3, pp.187-192.

[4]. Kukreja C.B. (1984). “Economics and Application of FRC”, ICI.

[5]. Mandal S., and Ghosh. A. “Study on the Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete”, ICI Journal, Bulletin No.68, pp. 21-23.

[6]. Nabil Mustafa “Plastics Waste Management Disposal, Recycling and Reuse”, Darcel Dekker, Inc. /New York. Basel. Hong Kong.

[7]. Padmini A.K., Mathews M.S., and Ramamurthy R.K. (2000). “Behavior of Recycled Aggregate Concrete”, Oct-Dec., ICI Journal, pp 35-39.

[8]. Palanichamy M.S., and Shekar T. (1999). “Role of Fibre Reinforced Concrete”, National Symposium of Recent Trends in Concrete Technology, Karunya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore.

[9]. Parmeswaran V.S. “Fibre Reinforced Concrete-Theory, Review of Properties”, Production Methods and Applications”.

[10]. Parameshwaran. V.S., and Krishnamurthy, T.S. (1985) “FRC-ISI”, June .

[11]. Rafat Siddique “Special Structural Concretes”, Galgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

[12]. Sideny Minddess, Francis Young. J., (1981). “Concrete”, Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

[13]. Shetty M.S. (2002). “Concrete Technology”, S. Chand and Company Ltd. Ramnagar, New Dehi.

[14]. Swamy, R.N. (1974). “FRC-Mechanics and Properties and Applications”, ICJ Journal, January.

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Research Paper

A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables

Christopher Gallop* , Cindy Tse, Jinhua Zhao*

* School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia.

-* Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia.

Gallop, C., Tse, C., and Zhao, J. (2011). A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1694

Abstract

This paper uses hourly bicycle counts and weather data that are continuous and year-round to model bicycle traffic in Vancouver, Canada. The study uses seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) analysis to account for complex serial correlation patterns in the error terms and tests the model against actual bicycle traffic counts. Temperature, rain, rain in the previous 3 hours and humidity are all found to be significant, with clearness found to be marginally significant at the 10% level. The combined effect of rain and its lags is close to 24% of the average hourly bicycle traffic counts, which is larger than the impact of it being a holiday or a Saturday, although the impact of it being a Sunday is still larger. An increase of one degree Celsius from the mean is generally found to increase bicycle traffic counts by 1.65%, so an increase of 10 degrees would increase bicycle traffic by 16.5%. The coefficients on humidity and clearness are small. A decrease in bicycle traffic of only 0.08% is observed per unit change in relative humidity and 0.62% at each of the four transitions between categories of cloudy to perfectly clear skies.

References

[1]. Brandenburg, C., Matzarakis, A., & Arnberger, A. (2004). The effects of weather on frequencies of use by commuting and recreation bicyclists. MATZARAKIS, A.; DE FREITAS, CR Y SCOTT, D.(Eds.), Advances in Tourism Climatology. Freiburg,

[2]. Brandenburg, C., Matzarakis, A., & Arnberger, A. (2007). Weather and cycling—a first approach to the effects of weather conditions on cycling. Meteorological Applications, 14(1), 61-67.

[3]. City of Vancouver. Cycling statistics. Retrieved, Marched 1, 2011, from http://vancouver.ca/engsvcs/ transport/cycling/stats.html

[4]. City of Vancouver. (2010). Green transportation. Retrieved from http://talkgreenvancouver.ca/goals/ green-transportation.

[5]. City of Vancouver Greenest City Action Team. (April 2009). A bright green future: An action plan for becoming the World's greenest city by 2020.

[6]. Dobrovolny, J. (2009). 2008/2009 cycling statistics update

[7]. Goldsmith, S. (1992). National Bicycling and Walking Study, Case Study, no.1: Reasons Why Bicycling and Walking are and are Not being used More Extensively as Travel Modes,

[8]. Hanson, S., & Hanson, P. (1977). Evaluating the impact of weather on bicycle use. Transportation Research Record, (629).

[9]. Heinen, E., van Wee, B., & Maat, K. (2010). Commuting by bicycle: An overview of the literature. Transport Reviews, 30(1), pp. 59-96.

[10]. Leblanc, L. (2009). City of vancouver bicycle monitoring program. Retrieved, June 7, 2011, from http://www.citevancouver.org/quad/presentations/CoV%20Bicycle%20Monitoring%20Program.pdf

[11]. Lewin, A. (2011). Temporal and weather impacts on bicycle volumes. Transportation Research Board 2011 Annual Meeting,

[12]. Miranda-Moreno, L.F., & Nosal, T. (2011). Weather or not to cycle; whether or not cyclist ridership has grown: A look at weather's impact on cycling facilities and temporal trends in an urban environment. Transportation Research Board 2011 Annual Meeting,

[13]. Niemeier, D.A. (1996). Longitudinal analysis of bicycle count variability: Results and modeling implications. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 122, 200.

[14]. Niemeier, D.A. (1996). Longitudinal analysis of bicycle count variability: Results and modeling implications. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 122, 200.

[15]. Richardson, A. (2000). Seasonal and weather impacts on urban cycling trips. TUTI Report, 1-2000.

[16]. Thomas, T., Jaarsma, R., & Tutert, B. (2009). Temporal variations of bicycle demand in the netherlands: Influence of weather on cycling. CD Proceedings of the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board,

[17]. TransLink. (2008). Transport 2040: A transportation strategy for metro vancouver, now and in the future.

[18]. Translink. (2010). Metro vancouver travel profile getting greener. Retrieved from http://www.translink.ca/en/ About-TransLink/Media/2010/April/Metro-Vancouver-Travel-Profile-Getting-Greener.aspx

[19]. Winters, M., Friesen, M. C., Koehoorn, M., & Teschke, K. (2007). Utilitarian bicycling:: A multilevel analysis of climate and personal influences. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(1), 52-58.

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Research Paper

Assessing Maintenance Frequency For Building Envelope Using Building Condition Assessment

Dhananjay Patil* , A. R. Bhalerao**

* Associate Professor, RIT, Department of Civil Engineering, Sakharale, Sangli, (MAH).

** Principal, BVCOE, Pune, India.

Patil, D, S. and Bhalerao, A. R. (2011). Assessing Maintenance Frequency For Building Envelope Using Building Condition Assessment. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1695

Abstract

Maintainability is “The ability to achieve the optimum performance throughout the lifespan of a facility within the minimum life cycle cost (LCC)”. As defined in order to achieve optimum performance maintenance tasks to be performed are important. And to do so time of occurrence of the task should be known, which can be obtained from the maintenance cycles of various components. Condition assessment is a procedure that uses an inspection process and analysis procedure for determining the condition of a building or group of buildings. Attempt is being made here to derive maintenance frequency for various building envelope components. 10 buildings from Mumbai were assessed and past data collection was done through complaint registers, checklist and interviews. Data collected was analyzed and overall condition of the components was derived in three levels as good, fair and bad, even maintained components showed sign of distresses and were in all the three categories. Past records and interviewed data was used to generate maintenance frequency which will facilitate for preparing preventive maintenance plans and budgetary 3 provision. As concluded by Dr.-Ing. Carolin Bahr in his research paper “Validation of Maintenance Cycles for Public Buildings” values given in literature regarding the different maintenance packages should be verified and adapted using real data, as the maintenance frequency is subjected to vary from building to building, result presented can be used as guidelines.

References

[1]. Abbot G.R., Mc Duling J.J., Parsons S., and Schoeman J.C. “Building Condition assessment: A performance evaluation tool towards sustainable asset management” CIB world building congress 2007, pp 649-662.

[2]. Central Public Works Department, (2000). Maintenance Manual, A Government of India Publication.

[3]. Dr.-Ing. Carolin Bahr and Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kunibert Lennerts, (2005). Validation of Maintenance Cycles for Public Buildings, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germany, CIB 2005.

[4]. Dr. Stephan, j. Kirk, & Alphonse J. Dell'Isola, (1995). Life Cycle Costing For Design Professional, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc. Publication, New York.

[5]. USACERL special report P-91/23, May 1991.

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Research Paper

Analysis And Assessment Of Strength In Portland Cement Concrete And Geopolymer Composites

Radhakrishna* , V.N. Manjunath Aradhya, Venumadhav T*

* Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore.

Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore.

* Head, Department of Civil Engineering, Audisankara College of Engineering and Technology, Gudur.

Radhakrishna., Manjunath, G. S., and Venumadhav, T. (2011). Analysis And Assessment Of Strength In Portland Cement Concrete And Geopolymer Composites. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1697

Abstract

Compressive strength development of Portland cement concrete and geopolymer composites is studied together. In case of Portland cement concrete the bonding that takes place is by chemical reactions resulting due to combination of ionic, covalent and van der Waals forces. On the other hand, in fly ash based geopolymer composites bonding is initiated by thermal energy and chemical reaction. In both the cases, it is a constant volume hardening process. The parameters considered in case of geopolymer composites are binder, fluid content, age, curing condition, molarity of alkaline activator solution. It is observed that in both these materials the compressive strength development follow a definite path with respect to fluid-to-binder ratio by the variation of different parameters. A phenomenological model is developed by generalized Abrams' law to assess the strength. The model is further validated by using independent experimental data.

References

[1]. Abrams D. (1918). “Design of concrete mixtures”. Bulletin No.1 Structural Materials Research Laboratory, Lewis Institute Chicago, pp. 20.

[2]. Bolomey, J. (1927). “Durecissenment des mortiers ets Benton”. Tech. Suisse Romande Nos. 16, 22 and 24.–2.4.1.

[3]. Cengiz Duran Atis, Cahit Bilim, O¨ zlem C¸ elik , Okan Karahan. (2007). “Influence of activator on the strength and drying Shrinkage of alkali-activated slag mortar”, Constr Build Mater, doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat. 2007.10.011.

[4]. Douglas. E., and J. Brandstetr (1990). “A Preliminary Study on The Alkali Activation of Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag“., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 20, pp. 746-756.

[5]. Fernandez.- Jimenez, A.M., Palomo, A., and Criado, M. (2005). “Microstructure development of alkali activated fly ash cement: a descriptive model. Cement and Concrete research 35 : 1204- 1209.

[6]. Fernandez.- Jimenez, A. M., Palomo, A. and Lopez- Hombrados, C. (2006). “Engineering Properties of Alkali –Activated Fly ash Concrete” ACI Materials Journal. 103(2) : 106- 112.

[7]. Hardjito, D., Wallah, S.E, Sumajouw, D.M.J., and Rangan, B.V. (2004). “On the development of fly ash based Geopolymer concrete.” ACI Materials Journal – Nov-Dec 2004 Title no 101-MT, 101(6), 457-472.

[8]. Malhotra, V.M. and Mehtha. P.K. (2002). “High –Performance, High Volume Fly ash Concrete”Supplimentary Cementing Materials for Sustainable Development Inc. Ottawa Canada : 101p.

[9]. Nagaraj, T.S., Shashiprakash, S.G. and Raghuprasad, B.K. (1993). “Reproportioning of concrete mixes”, Materials Journal, American Concrete Institute, 90 (1) : 50 -58.

[10]. Nagaraj, T.S. and Zahida Banu, (1996). “Generalization of Abram's Law”. Cement and Concrete Research, Elsevier Science, 26(6): 933 – 942.

[11]. Nataraj, M.C., Dhang, N. and Gupta, A.P., (1997). “Computer aided concrete mix proportioning”, The Indian concrete Journal, Vol 71. No.9. pp 487-492, September.

[12]. Nataraj, M.C., Dhang, N. and Gupta, A.P. (1999). “A simple equation for concrete mix design cures of IS 10262:1982”, The Indian concrete Journal, Vol 73. No.2, pp 111-115, February.

[13]. Palomo, A. Fernandez – Jimenez and G. Kovalchuk, G. (2005). “Some Key factors affecting the Alkali Activation of Fly ash”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium Non – Traditional Cement & Concrete, Brno University of Technology, ISBN 80-124-2583-8,June 14-16, 2005, 1-12.

[14]. Palomo. A, Grutzerch, M.W. and Blanco M.T. (1999). “Alkali activated fly ashes – A cement for the future” Cement and concrete research, Elsevier science : 1323 – 1329.

[15]. Park, Sang-Sook and Kang. Hwa –Young, (2006). “Strength and Microscopic Characteristics of Alkali Activated Fly ash Cement”, Korean J. Chem. Eng. 23(3) : 367 -373.

[16]. Rangan, B.V. (2008). “Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete”, Research Report GC 4 Engineering Faculty Curtin University of Technology Perth, Australia.

[17]. Rangan, B.V., Wallah, S., Sumajouw, D., and Hardito, D. (2006). “Heat –cured, Low –Calcium, Fly ash based Geopolmer Concrete”, The Indian Concrete Journal 80(6) : 47- 52.

[18]. Road Research Laboratory. (1950). “Design of Concrete Mixes. Road Note Number 4”, 2nd Edition, London, HMSO - 2.4.2.

[19]. Techenne, D.C., Nicholls, J.C., Franklin, R.E., and Hobbs, D. (1988). “Design of normal concrete mixes”, published by the Department of environment, HMSO ,1-42.

[20]. Weil. M. Dombrowski, K., & Buchwald, A. (2005). “Development of Geoolymers Supported by System Analysis” Proceedings. Of the 2nd International Symposium Non – Traditional Cement & Concrete, Brno University of Technology, ISBN 80-124-2583-8,June 14-16, 2005, 25-31.

[21]. Zhang, Y., and Wei Sun (2006). “Fly ash based Geopolymer Concrete” The Indian Concrete Journal 80(1) : 20 – 24.

[22]. Temuujin J., van Riessen A., & MacKenzie K.J.D. (2010). Preparation and characterisation of fly ash based geopolymer mortars Construction and Building Materials 24, 1906–1910.

[23]. Zhang Zu-hua, Yao Xiao, ZHU Hua-jun, Hua Su-dong, Chen Yue, (2009). Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer, J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 16: 0049?0052.

[24]. Kamseu E., A. Rizzuti, C. Leonelli, and D. Perera, (2010). Enhanced thermal stability in K2O-metakaolin-based geopolymer concretes by Al2O3 and SiO2 fillers addition Journal of Material science, April, Vol. 45, No. 4,PP 1715-1724.

[25]. Radhakrishna, Shashishankar A., and T.S. Nagaraj., Phenomenological Model for Assessment of Strength Development in Class F -Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Mortar, The Indian Concrete Institute Journal, 2006, (1): 23-27.

[26]. Radhakrishna, Shashishankar A., Udayashankar.B.C and Renuka Devi. M.V., (2010) Compressive Strength Assessment of Geopolymer Composites by a Phenomenological Model, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites,29(6): 840-853, doi:10.1177/0731684408100703.

[27]. Radhakrishna, Shashishankar A., and Udayashankar. B.C.(2008). Analysis and Assessment of Strength Development in Class F Fly Ash Based Compressed Geopolymer Blocks, The Indian Concrete Journal, ,82(8):31-37.

[28]. Radhakrishna, Shashishankar A., and Udayashankar. B.C., Phenomenological Model To Re-Proportion Geopolymer Compressed Blocks, Proceedings of 33rd Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structures – 2008, Singapore, 2008, ISBN:978-981-08-0412-1, pp.365-374.

[29]. ACI Committee 211.1-91, (1994) “Standard practice for practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavy weight, and mass concrete”, American Concrete Institute manual of concrete practice, part 1: Materials and General properties of concrete, pp38 (Detroit, Michigan, 1994).

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Research Paper

POF Based Local (Point) Sensor For Crack Opening Studies: Application In Concrete

K. Samrajyam* , B. Sobha, T. D. Gunneswara Rao*

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal.

Associate Professor, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal.

* Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NIT, Warangal.

Samrajyam, K., Sobha, B., and Rao, G, T.D. (2011). APOF Based Local (Point) Sensor For Crack Opening Studies: Application In Concrete. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1698

Abstract

Cracking is one of the frequent causes of complaints in concrete industry. Cracking is known to occur due to fatigue, overloading and damage caused either by loading or environment. The failure of bridges,structures , buildings and dams is due to cracking. This underlines the importance of estimation of crack width as predictor for the health of concrete structures. The results obtained with a POF ( plastic optical fibre) based local (point) sensor that was developed for use with concrete specimens in a three point bend test for in house experiments are reported. The range of CMOD ( Crack mouth opening displacements ) values are established.

References

[1]. Hong-Nan Li, Dong Sheng Li, Gang-Bing Song, (2004). Recent applications of Fibre optic sensors to health monitoring in Civil Engineering, Engineering Structures,26,1647–657.

[2]. Kuang, K.S.C., Quek, S.T., Koh, C.G., Cantwell, W.J., &. Scully, P.J. (2009). Plastic Optical Fibre Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: A Review of Recent Progress , Journal of Sensors, 2009, Article ID 312053, doi:10.1155/2009/312053.

[3]. Mousumi Majumder, Tarun Kumar Gangopadhyay, Ashim Kumar Chakraborty, Kamal Dasgupta, &. Bhattacharya, D.K. (2008). Fibre Bragg gratings in structural health monitoring—Present status and applications ,Sensors and Actuators A: Physical , 147 (1), 150–164.

[4]. Subhash Chander, (1995–96). Concrete Technology, New Delhi, Jain Brothers.

[5]. Muralidhara Rao, T. (2010). Minimum Flexural reinforcement of RC members –A fracture Energy approach “Ph.D thesis by, submitted in Civil Engineering Department, NIT Warangal.

[6]. Zubia, J., & Arrue, J. (2001). Plastic optical ?bers: an introduction to their technological processes and applications., Optical Fiber Technology, 7 ( 2), 101–140.

[7]. Kuang, K.S.C., Akmaluddin, Cantwell, W.J., & Thomas, C., (2003). Crack detection and vertical de?ection monitoring in concrete beams using plastic optical ?bre sensors, Measurement Science and Technology .14 (2) , 205–216.

[8]. Testing Sprayed Concrete: EFNARC Three point bending test on square panel with notch: Flexural tensile strength of fibre concrete on sprayed test specimen (June 2011), Retrieved from EFNARC (Experts for Specialised Construction and Concrete Systems) web site http:// www.efnarc.org

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Research Paper

Studies On Relationship Of Water – Powder Ratio And Compressive Strength Of Glass Fibre Self Compacted Concrete

Seshadri Sekhar*

Principal, Chirala Engineering College, Chirala.

Sekhar, S. (2011). Studies On Relationship Of Water – Powder Ratio And Compressive Strength Of Glass Fibre Self Compacted Concrete. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1699

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to study 200 Glass Fibre Self Compacting Concrete (GFSCC) mixtures that consisted of various materials and proportions and then fitted into linear regression models at 28 and 90 days; either into the water/cement (w/c) materials ratio or the water/powder (w/p) ratio. From the study it was learned that the w/p ratio provides us with a stronger indicator of strength by observing the improvement in compressive strength values at 28 and 90 days. This may have been due to the delayed pozzolanic activity through the Fly ash, which is available in powder form . From this result we concluded that the water/powder ratio is a better indicator of strength. In addition to its highly pozzolanic nature, it was noted that Fly ash (available in powder form) assisted in the refinement of the pore structure of the concrete. This in turn also lead to a higher performance of the concrete. Water demand of self compacting concrete is high compared to the concrete of same strength of ordinary concrete. This was attributed to the higher fineness of fly ash. Thus, net water-powder ratio in turn affects its relation with compressive strength of concrete. This demands a retrospection of well-known Abram's Water-Cement ratio relationship. With this view as part of an ongoing research program, an investigation was taken up to study the relationship between water-powder ratio and compressive strength of glass fibre self compacting concrete using alkali-resistant glass fibres.

References

[1]. Okamura, H., & Ouchi, M. (2003). “Self-Compacting Concrete”, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, Japan Concrete Institute, Vol. 1, pp. 5-15.

[2]. Santhanam, M. and Subramanian, S. (2004). “Current developments in Self Compacting Concrete” , Indian Concrete Journal, June, Vol., pp11-22.

[3]. Vengala, J., Sudarsan, M.S., & Ranganath, R.V. (2003). “Experimental study for obtaining self- Compacting concrete”, Indian Concrete Journal, August, pp. 1261-1266.

[4]. Subramanian, S., & Chattopadhyay (2002). “Experiments for Mix Proportioning of Self Compacting Concrete”, Indian Concrete Journal, January, Vol., pp.13-20.

[5]. Seshasayi, L.V.A & Sudhakar.M (2004). “Relationship of Water-Cementitious Materials and Compressive Strength of Silica Fume Concrete”, Indian Concrete Institute Journal, pp.11-14.

[6]. Dhir, R.K., Sangha. C.M., & Samsayed (1991). “Fly Ash in concrete proportions, performance report of technical committee- 67”, FAB use of fly ash in building E and FN SPPON, 1991, London, U.K.

[7]. Efnark, (2005). The European Guidelines for “Self compacting concrete”, specifications, Production and use–May 2005. Retrieved October 2010, www.efnarc.org.

i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering (JCE)

Current Issue Vol. 13 Issue 4

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 1 Issue 4 September - November 2011

Behaviour Of Waste Plastic Fibre Reinforced Concrete Produced By Conventional Aggregates And Recycled Aggregates Under Acidic And Alkali Environment- An Experimental Investigation

Prahallada M.C.* , Prakash K.B.**

* Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India. ** Principal, Government Engineering College, Devagiri, Haveri, India.

Abstract

References

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A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables

Christopher Gallop* , Cindy Tse**, Jinhua Zhao***

* School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia. **-*** Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia.

Gallop, C., Tse, C., and Zhao, J. (2011). A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1694

Abstract

References

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Assessing Maintenance Frequency For Building Envelope Using Building Condition Assessment

Dhananjay Patil* , A. R. Bhalerao**

* Associate Professor, RIT, Department of Civil Engineering, Sakharale, Sangli, (MAH). ** Principal, BVCOE, Pune, India.

Patil, D, S. and Bhalerao, A. R. (2011). Assessing Maintenance Frequency For Building Envelope Using Building Condition Assessment. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1695

Abstract

References

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Analysis And Assessment Of Strength In Portland Cement Concrete And Geopolymer Composites

Radhakrishna* , V.N. Manjunath Aradhya**, Venumadhav T***

* Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore. ** Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore. *** Head, Department of Civil Engineering, Audisankara College of Engineering and Technology, Gudur.

Radhakrishna., Manjunath, G. S., and Venumadhav, T. (2011). Analysis And Assessment Of Strength In Portland Cement Concrete And Geopolymer Composites. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 28-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1697

Abstract

References

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POF Based Local (Point) Sensor For Crack Opening Studies: Application In Concrete

K. Samrajyam* , B. Sobha**, T. D. Gunneswara Rao***

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal. ** Associate Professor, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal. *** Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NIT, Warangal.

Samrajyam, K., Sobha, B., and Rao, G, T.D. (2011). APOF Based Local (Point) Sensor For Crack Opening Studies: Application In Concrete. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1698

Abstract

References

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Studies On Relationship Of Water – Powder Ratio And Compressive Strength Of Glass Fibre Self Compacted Concrete

Seshadri Sekhar*

Principal, Chirala Engineering College, Chirala.

Sekhar, S. (2011). Studies On Relationship Of Water – Powder Ratio And Compressive Strength Of Glass Fibre Self Compacted Concrete. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 1(4), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.1.4.1699

Abstract

References

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* Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Christ University, Bangalore, India.

** Principal, Government Engineering College, Devagiri, Haveri, India.

Christopher Gallop* , Cindy Tse, Jinhua Zhao*

* School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia.

-* Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia.

* Associate Professor, RIT, Department of Civil Engineering, Sakharale, Sangli, (MAH).

** Principal, BVCOE, Pune, India.

Radhakrishna* , V.N. Manjunath Aradhya, Venumadhav T*

* Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore.

Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore.

* Head, Department of Civil Engineering, Audisankara College of Engineering and Technology, Gudur.

K. Samrajyam* , B. Sobha, T. D. Gunneswara Rao*

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal.

Associate Professor, Department of Physics, NIT, Warangal.

* Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NIT, Warangal.