An Experimental Investigation to Determine the Failure Load of Optimal Hammer Head Pier Cap and Interpolate using Univariate Splines Machine Learning Algorithm
Assessment of Radius of Curvature along the Existing Road Networks
Sustainable Urban Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Safety Practices in Civil Engineering
Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Recycled Aggregate on the Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete
A Step by Step Analysis to Solve the Equation of Motion in Space and Time using Basis Splines - A Class Room Example
Estimating the Soil Moisture Index using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) And Land Surface Temperature (LST) for Bidar and Kalaburagi District, Karnataka
Roughness Evaluation of Flexible Pavements Using Merlin and Total Station Equipment
Site Suitability Analysis for Solid Waste Dumping in Ranchi City, Jharkhand Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Strengthening and Rehabilitation of RC Beams with Openings Using CFRP
Unsaturated Seepage Modeling of Lined Canal Using SEEP/W
A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables
Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete by Data-Driven Models
Predicting the 28 Days Compressive Strength of Concrete Using Artificial Neural Network
Measuring Compressive Strength of Puzzolan Concrete by Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
Design and Analysis of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements for Low Volume Roads in India
The application of structural optimisation is fast changing the thinking of Design Engineers. With the rapid development in high strength concrete and other materials which can resist higher loads, the task of reducing the weight of the structure can be addressed with ease. The present study is an application of topology optimisation of continuum structures. The design domain is modelled using first order basis splines and optimisation is performed using optimality criteria minimising strain energy as the objective function. A model pier cap is chosen with the standard dimensions of 3 feet x 9 in x 4 in. The size and location of openings are determined using topology optimisation and drawn in AutoCAD® software. The casting is done using concrete with different percentages of replacement of cement and fine aggregate. Cement is partially replaced using Alcofine and fine aggregate is partially replaced using waste foundry sand. The foundry sand is an industrial waste obtained from the foundry industry located at Balanagar, Hyderabad. Four specimen beams are cast and tested in the laboratory. Steel fibres are used to care for the tensile stresses produced within the beam. The analysis done here can be applied to any material other than concrete as well. The failure load is determined in the laboratory for each sample. The interpolation of failure load is done using python code and run on Anaconda Jupyter ® platform to determine the value of failure load for any percentage of replacement between 0 to 10%.
The safety of traffic on roads is greatly influenced by various geometric features such as the radius of curvature, lane width, median width, and sight distance. The radius of the curve is an important parameter, that influences sight distance, design speed, and other parameters like superelevation, etc. For smaller radius curves the sight distance available also will be less, which will increase accident risks. The lower the radius of the curve, the lesser will be the sight distance, and so higher the accident risk (Abebe, 2019). The objective of this paper is to develop a tool for assessing the radius of curvature along existing road networks. This will help in accident analysis to develop a correlation between the radius of the curvature and the number of accidents. Mapping of the radius of curvature along the existing road will be useful for evaluating the existing roads and for rating in terms of road safety based on the available sight distance and radius of curvature, for asset management systems where the radius of curvature is required to be fed into the system for identifying locations where accident risks are more (blackspots) etc. It is practically difficult to measure the radius at every curve all along the road and it takes a long time. The simplest way is to obtain the data from the “As-built” drawings. In the absence of the as-built information, it becomes extremely difficult to map the parameters of an existing network. The paper proposed a novel but simplified procedure for evaluating the radius of curvature of the existing roads. The researcher developed a VBA code that can automatically extract the radius of the curves along a path for the data obtained from Aerial LiDAR or GPS-enabled Car Dashboard Camera. The VBA code computes the existing radius along a path using coordinate geometry in the CAD environment. The paper also presents the data validation on a few roads whose geometric parameters are known from the design data.
This comprehensive review paper addresses the contemporary challenges and future trajectories in the domain of sustainable urban infrastructure within civil engineering. The escalating pace of urbanization demands immediate transformative measures, underscoring the joint responsibility of the civil engineering community to construct cities that are not only habitable but also inclusive and environmentally conscious. The document extensively examines critical facets, including green building design, renewable energy integration, sustainable water management, and waste reduction and recycling. The prioritization of research endeavors in these domains is intricately linked to regional needs, environmental complexities, and societal preferences. Throughout the review, there is a consistent emphasis on the indispensable role of sustainable and resilient practices in the development of urban infrastructure, stressing the necessity for innovative solutions to address the intricate interplay of factors influencing urban environments. The concluding remarks underscore the urgency for the civil engineering community to spearhead the implementation of transformative practices, contributing to the evolution of cities that are not only resilient but also pivotal in fostering a sustainable and equitable future.
Recycled aggregate refers to crushed concrete, mortar, bricks, or asphalt derived from construction debris and repurposed in other building projects. It is obtained by crushing demolished waste to reclaim the aggregate. Over the past few decades, the abundance of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) has increased significantly, leading the concrete industry to incorporate it, thereby reducing the cost of aggregates. The use of C&D waste in construction not only decreases carbon emissions but also facilitates the expansion of the concrete industry without causing harm to the environment. The objective of this study is to analyze the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and durability properties such as resistance to chloride, carbonation, freeze, and thaw of concrete utilizing recycled aggregate. It is observed that the mechanical and durability behavior of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) is inferior to that of standard concrete. However, by employing different admixtures and mixing approaches, the desired properties can be achieved. Furthermore, the study indicates that the improvement of mineral admixtures contributes more to enhancing the performance of recycled aggregate than it does to the characteristics of natural aggregate.
The use of splines to model the geometry and perform iso-geometric analysis is fast replacing conventional finite element analysis. In this paper, the main objective is to analyze the equation of motion using basis splines. The equation of motion is a function of both space and time. The finite difference method is used to evaluate the newer values of the function at each time step. The splines are used to determine the mass matrix and the stiffness matrix. The sample code is also presented. The displacement vector at each time step is shown using graphs. The graphs clearly show how the member vibrates at each time step and the state of the beam. The analysis clearly shows how the Galerkin method can be applied with a weak formulation to solve for the displacement vector in a step-by-step method. Two problems are discussed, the first is a classroom example, and the second is a home work example, which may require a bit of effort to determine the value of the nodal displacement vector at several nodes for each time step.
