FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry

Siksha Swaroopa Kar*, Pramod Kumar Jain**, G. Sekaran***
* Scientist, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, Delhi, India.
** Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
*** Ex-Chief Scientist, CSIR – Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.
Periodicity:July - September'2016
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8127

Abstract

Bitumen is a visco-elastic material, and primary requirement for flexible pavement construction. Elementally, bitumen is around 95% carbon and hydrogen, containing about 85% of hydrogen and 8% of carbon, and up to 5% sulfur, 1% nitrogen, 1% oxygen and 2000 ppm metals. It is composed mainly of highly condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microscope is used for studying the hydrocarbon composition of bitumen. With the addition of different modifiers, the required properties of bitumen for road construction is improved. In this study, waste generated from leather industry is converted into non hazardous form which is used as a modifier to the bitumen. FTIR measurements were conducted for obtaining the microstructure distribution of neat and modified bitumen. Meanwhile, the short-term and long-term aging processes of bitumens are simulated by Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) tests. Sulfoxide and carbonyl index were calculated for the aged and neat binders and it has been observed that, the rate of oxidation is faster in neat bitumen compared to modified binder.

Keywords

RTFOT, PAV, FTIR, CSM.

How to Cite this Article?

Kar, S.S., Jain, P. K., and Sekaran, G. (2016). FTIR Analysis of Aging of Binder Modified with Chromium Waste Generated from Leather Industry. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 4(2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.4.2.8127

References

[1]. AASHTO 283-03, Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture Induced Damage.
[2]. Achi S S, Ddeyemo D J, Maju and C, Tagang J. (2012). “Characterization of Buffing Dust using Nigerian Research Reactor 1 (NIRR-1) and its Environmental Impact”. Scholars Research Library, Archives of Applied Science Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 372-380.
[3]. ASTM D 6521. Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV), 2013.
[4]. CONAMA, (2005). Conselho Nacional Do Meio Ambiente Brasilia: Resolucao no. 357, Diario Oficial 17.05.2005 Oficio no 88.351/83.
[5]. Indian Standards, (1992). Paving Bitumen Specification (IS: 73-1992).
[6]. Kalaichelvi S.B., Mohandoss K., and Sekaran G, (2015). “Studies on Utilization of Chromium Impregnated Buffing Dust as A Modifier in Bitumen”. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 2 No. 03.
[7]. Krummenauer K and J.J. Oliveira Andrade (2009). “Incorporation of chromium-tanned leather residue to asphalt micro-surface layer”. Constr. Build. Mater. Vol. 23, pp. 574–581.
[8]. Lamontagnea, J., Dumasb, P., Mouilletb, V., and Kister, J. (2001). “Comparison by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy of Different Ageing Techniques: Application to road bitumens.” J. Fuel, Vol. 80, No. 4, pp. 483–488.
[9]. Ouyang, C., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, Y. (2006). “Improving the Aging Resistance of Asphalt by Addition of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate”. Fuel, Vol. 85, No 7-8, pp. 1060–1066.
[10]. Petersen, J. C. (2009). “A Review of the Fundamentals of Asphalt Oxidation: Chemical, Physicochemical, Physical Property, and Durability Relationships.” Transportation Research Circular E-C140, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, pp. 1–54.
[11]. Rajaram J, Rajnikanth B and Gnanamani A, (2009). “Characterization and Application of Leather Particulate- Polymer Composites (LPPCs)”. Journal of Polym Environ, Vol. 6, No. 9.
[12]. Rastogi S K, Kesavachandran C, Mahdi F, and Pandey A. (2007). “Occupational cancers in leather tanning industries: A short review”. Ind. J. Occup. Environ. Med., Vol. 11, pp. 3-5.
[13]. Roberts, F., Kandhal, P., Brown, E.R., Lee, D.Y., and Kennedy, T. (1996). “Hot Mix Asphalt Materials, Mixture Design and Construction”. NAPA Research and Education Foundation, Lanham, Md.
[14]. Sethuraman C., Srinivas K, Sekaran G. (2013). “Double Pyrolysis of Chrome Tanned Leather Solid Waste for Safe Disposal and Products Recovery”. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 4, No. 11,pp. 61.
[15]. Sunder V.J., Raghava Rao, J. and Muralkdharan C., (2002). “Cleaner Chrome Tanning-emerging Options”. J. Clean. Prod. Vol. 10, pp. 69-74.
[16]. Tahiri S, Bouhria M, Albizane A, Messaoudi A, Azzi M, Alami S Y, and Mabvour J. (2004). “Extraction of Proteins from Chrome Shavings with Sodium Hydroxide and Reuse of Chromium in the Tanning Process”. J. Am. Leath. Chem. Assoc. (JALCA), Vol. 99, No. 16-25.
[17]. Venkatachalam A, and Manoharan P D, (2015). “Design of High Performance Bituminous Mix Using Tannery th Waste”. Proceedings of 27 IRF International Conference, Chennai, India, ISBN: 978-93-85465-35-2
[18]. Yut, I., and Zofka, A. (2011). “Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of oxidized polymer-modified bitumens.” Appl. Spectrosc., Vol. 65, No. 7, pp. 765–770.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Online 15 15

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.