Active Inductance based Relaxation Oscillator for 2.41GHz ISM Receivers

K. Venkatesh*, T. Ravi Sekhar**
* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.
** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India.
Periodicity:March - May'2016
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.6.3.5958

Abstract

An embedded active inductance technique is used in 2.41GHz ISM Receiver IQ VCO-mixer. The receiver consists of an active inductance topology and the VCO-mixer network, which is designed for low area and low power. The VCO-mixer is based on an IQ cross-coupled embedded active inductor VCO, where the two single oscillators are coupled through active loads. RC oscillators have the advantage of being inductorless (i.e. low area), while typically having a high power consumption. As for quadrature, the coupling of two single oscillators is done with a shunt technique that uses PMOS as active loads, instead of the resistors. The mixer is an add-on to this oscillator, taking advantage of its similarities with a single-balanced mixer. The use of the active load increases the conversion gain. This topology consumes approximately 11.4 % less power in comparison to the IQ cross-coupled RC relaxation VCO-mixer. The mixing function is incorporated in the IQ VCO, benefiting from an increased gain. The receiver IQ VCO-mixer has a gain of 12.22 dB and a noise figure of 7.98 dB, consuming 7.98 mW from a 1.2 V power supply.

Keywords

Embedded Active Inductance, IQ VCO-Mixer, Noise Figure, Power Dissipation, Tuning Voltage.

How to Cite this Article?

Venkatesh, K., and Sekhar, T.R. (2016). Active Inductance based Relaxation Oscillator for 2.41GHz ISM Receivers. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 6(3), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.26634/jele.6.3.5958

References

[1]. A. Esteves, J. Dores, P. Matos, M. Martins and J. R. Fernandes, (2011). “An ISM 2.4GHz low-IF receiver front end”. IEEE ISCAS, pp. 546-549.
[2]. C. Van Den Bos, L. B. Oliveira, J. R. Fernandes and C. J. M. Verhoeven, (2006). “A 5-GHz combined oscillator/mixer”. IEEE ISCAS.
[3]. H. Chang, X. Cao, U. Mishra and R. York, (1997). “Phase Noise in Coupled Oscillators: Theory and Experiment”. IEEE TMTT, Vol. 45, pp. 604-615.
[4]. J. Fernandes, M. H. L. Kouwenhoven, C. Van Den Bos, L. Oliveira and C. Verhoeven, (2007). “The effect of mismatches and delay on the quadrature error of a crosscoupled relaxation oscillator”. IEEE TCAS I, Vol. 54, pp. 2592-2598.
[5]. Aniruddhan and Sankaran, (2012). “Quadrature generation techniques in CMOS relaxation oscillators”. IEEE ISCAS, pp. 1375-1378.
[6]. A. Buonomo and A. Lo Schiavo, (2006). “Analysis of emitter (source)-coupled multivibrators”. IEEE TCAS I, Vol. 53, pp. 1193-1202.
[7]. Adel S. Sedra and Kenneth C. Smith, (1991). rd Microelectronic Circuits, 3 Edition. Saunders College Publishing.
[8]. Jorge Fernandes, (2011). “MOS Transistor and Analog Design”. Sistemas Integrados Analógicos, IST.
[9]. J. David Irwin, R. Mark Nelms, John Wiley and Sons, S. Del Re, G. Leuzzi and V. Stornelli, (2008). “A New Approach to the Design of High Dynamic Range Tunable Active Inductors”.
[10]. Hashmi MS, Hashim SJ, Woodington S, Williams T, Benedikt J and Tasker P, (2008). “Active envelope load pull system suitable for high modulation rate multi-tone applications”. Integrated Nonlinear Microwave & Millimetre-Wave Circuits 2008 Workshop (INMMIC 2008), pp. 93-96.
[11]. André Pedro Ribeiro Esteves, (2010). “Oscillator- Mixer for a 2.4 GHz ISM Receiver”. IST.
[12]. U. L. Rohde and A. K. Poddar, (2009). “Tunable Active Inductor offers Integrable and Cost-Effective Alternatives of Varactor Tuned VCOs”. European Frequency & Time Forum & IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symposium (EFTFIFCS 2009), France.
[13]. Thanacbayanont and A. Payne, (1996). “VHF CMOS Integrated Active Inductor”. Electronic Letters, Vol. 32, No. 11, pp. 999-1000.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.