A study of the Reasoning Abilities of ninth standard students with respect to their gender and type of the institution

Mahender Reddy Sarsani*
Associate Professor of Education, University College of Education, Kakatiya University.
Periodicity:November - January'2008
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jpsy.1.3.449

Abstract

Reasoning and learning are closely related, both being the methods of solving problems, learning usually results from the process of reasoning. All inventions, discoveries, art, literature and advances in culture and civilization are based on thinking, reasoning and problem solving capacity of human being. A sound reasoning leads to better adjustment of the child with the environment; and it also controls his total behaviour. The present research is proposed to measure the reasoning abilities of the students with developed tool by the researcher called ‘Battery of Reasoning Test’ (BRT). The test was divided into four parts and consists of 80 items. The reliability of the test was 0.86. A ‘survey’ approach was adopted to test the reasoning abilities of the students studying in Hyderabad, capital city of Andhra Pradesh.  The pilot study was conducted on a sample of 100 students from five schools. A sample of 400 students was selected from twenty schools for the final study which comprises 200 boys and 200 girls from the private and government schools. The study revealed that boys performed better than girls in reasoning ability. It is also found that private school students have better reasoning abilities than government school students. In the further detailed analysis, it is found that the boys studying in private schools are performing better than their counter parts that are girls of private schools, boys of government schools and girls of government schools on BRT test. The lowest mean score on BRT was found among the girls studying in government schools. Therefore proper care should be taken to develop reasoning power of girls and particularly students studying in government schools.

Keywords

How to Cite this Article?

Mahender Reddy Sarsani (2008). A study of the Reasoning Abilities of ninth standard students with respect to their gender and type of the institution. i-manager’s Journal on Educational Psychology, 1(3), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpsy.1.3.449

References

[1]. Anand, M.V. (1995). A study of the abstract reasoning among the tenth standard students in Warangal district. Unpublished M.Ed dissertation, Kakatiya University, Warangal, A.R India.
[2]. Anand, V. (1975). Construction and standardisation of a non-verbal group test of abstract reasoning. PhD, Psychology, Banarus Hindu University.
[3]. Angell, R. B. (1964). Reasoning and Logic. New York: Appleton-Century-Crotts Division of Meredith Publishing Company, pp. 2-6, 448-460.
[4]. Banker, H.R.(1981). Construction and standardisation of abstract reasoning test for students in grade VIII and IX of the secondary schools of Saurashtra, Unpublished PhD thesis, Education, Saurashtra University.
[5]. Bennett, G.K, Seashore, H.G and Wesman, A.G. (1959). Differential Aptitude Tests. Manual (3rd edn). New York: The Psychological Corporation, pp. 6-7
[6]. Bennett, G.K., Seashore, H.G and Wesman, A.G. (1959). Manual of Differential Aptitude Tests. New York: The Psychological Corporation, p. 14
[7]. Bhatia and Bhatia (1998). A text book of Educational Psychology. Delhi: Doaba House.
[8]. Bhatt, G.C. (1981). Construction and standardisation of verbal reasoning test for the students studying in grade VIII and IX of secondary schools in Saurashtra area, Unpublished PhDthesis, Education, Saurashtra University.
[9]. Billinge, M.L. (1934). Problem solving in different fields of endeavour, American Journal of Psychology, 46, 239- 272.
[10]. Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities. A survey of factor-analytic studies. Cambridge. UK: CambridgeUniversityPress.
[11]. Fox, D.J. (1969). The Research Process in Education. NewYork: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, lnc., P.367.
[12]. Garrett, H.E. (1981). Statistics in Psychology and Education. Bombay: Vakils, Ferrer and Simons Pvt. Ltd. P.339.
[13]. Guilford, J.P. (1965). General Psychology (2nd edn.). New Delhi: Affiliated East West Press Private Ltd. P.443
[14]. Guilford, J.P. (1965). General Psychology. New Jersy: D.Van Nostrand Company lnc., P.501
[15]. John Dewey (1933). How we think. Boston: Heath, pp.71-78.
[16]. Kulshreshtha, S.P. (1997). Educational Psychology. Meerut (India): R. Lall Book Depot.
[17]. Lohman, D. F., & Hagen, E. (2001a). Cognitive Abilities Test (Form 6): Interpretive guide for teachers and counselors. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
[18]. Lohman, D. F., & Hagen, E. (2001b]. Cognitive Abilities Test (Form 6): Interpretive guide for school administrators. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
[19]. Lohman, D. F., & Hagen, E. (2002). CognitiveAbiIities Test (Form 6): Research handbook. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
[20]. Lohman, D.F. (2005). Reasoning abilities. in R.J. Sternberg, J. Davidson, & J. Pretz (Eds.), Cognition and intelligence: Identifying mechanisms of mind. NY: Cambridge University Press, pp. 225-250 (WWW document)URL:http://www.facuIty.educaion.uiowa.edu/ dlohman/pdf/reasoning_abilities.pdf
[21]. Mangal, S.K. (1998). Psychological Foundation of Education. Ludhiana (India): Prakash Brothers.
[22]. Manian, B. and Feroze, M (I973). A verbal reasoning test in Tamil for high school pupils. Journal of Educational Research and Extension, 9, 230-234, (IPA 5:64).
[23]. Mathur, S.S. (1997). Educational Psychology. Agra: Vinod Pustak Mandir
[24]. Munn, N.L. (1967). An introduction to Psychology. Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., (Ind. Edi.).
[25]. Patel, K. (1969). Reasoning and memory as determiners of language achievement. Journal of the Indian Academy ofAppIied Psychology‘ pp. 74-77.
[26]. Rai, B.C. (1986). Educational Psychology. Lucknow (India): Prakahan Dendra
[27]. Rajkumar, K. (2006). A study of the relationship between verbal reasoning and mathematics achievement test. Unpublished M.Ed dissertation, Dept. of Education, Kakatiya University, Warangal, A.P, India.
[28]. Ramesh, T. (2006). A study of relationship between the mathematics achievement test and non-verbal reasoning test of IX standard students. Unpublished M.Ed dissertation, Kakatiya University, Warangal, A.P, India.
[29]. Shah, P.C.(1981). Construction and standardisation of verbal reasoning test for students of standard VI and standard VII in Saurashtra. Unpublished PhD thesis, Education, Saurashtra University.
[30]. Shemesh, M., and Lazarowitz, R. (1985). Formal reasoning skills of secondary school students as related to gender, age, school type and learning abilities. ERIC Doc. No. ED 256568-SE 045492 (WWW document) URL:http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICwebportal/content delivery/servlet/ERlCServ|et?accno=ED256568
[31]. Singh, R.N. (1971 ). Construction and standardisation of a Battery of Tests of Verbal Abstract and Numerical Reasoning. Unpublished PhD Psychology thesis, Magadh University.
[32]. Theodorson. G.A.and Theodorson, A.G.[1969]. A Modern Dictionary of Sociology. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., P.337.
[33]. Wesman, A.G., and Seashore, H.G. [1945). Frequency verses complexity of words in verbal measurement. Journal on Educational Psychology., 40, 395-404.
[34]. Winch, WH. (1922). Transfer of improvement in reasoning in school children. British Journal of Psychology, Vol. Xlll, pp.370-381.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Online 15 15

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.