The Impact of the Gulf War Immigration on Jordan's Economy and its Information Technology (IT) Sector

Kaled Naser*
*Associate Faculty, School of Business, University of Phoenix, USA.
Periodicity:December - February'2016
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.10.3.3780

Abstract

Since its inception, Jordan has experienced large-scale and diverse immigration waves from neighboring countries. The research focuses on the wave that took place during and after the Gulf War of 1991, which left a lasting impact on the country's economy, social fabric, and in particular on the IT industry. The research used a field survey of 37 local companies as well as the analysis and synthesis of various data, and relevant government laws and regulations to probe the impact of that wave. It concluded that, the immigrants caused a boom in all sectors of the economy, as evidenced by the phenomenal 16% growth in the economy in 1992. They created new businesses and competition in the IT industry, and brought technical skills and managerial expertise, that gave a boost to the IT sector and forced the acceleration of local market concepts such as consulting, specialization, and marketing. The Jordanian Government played a passive role at best through its laws, regulations, and practices. During the following decade, few Jordanian IT companies reaped the benefits of the revamped IT sector and attained international fame, when for example, Maktoob portal was acquired by Yahoo. It is hopeful that other countries can benefit from the Jordanian experience in dealing with the ongoing immigration waves and the diversity they bring with them.

Keywords

Information Technology, IT, Jordan, Immigration, Gulf War, Palestinians, REACH Initiative, Maktoob, Rubicon, Private Sector, Government.

How to Cite this Article?

Naser, K. (2016). The Impact of the Gulf War Immigration on Jordan's Economy and Its Information Technology (IT) Sector. i-manager’s Journal on Management, 10(3), 6-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.10.3.3780

References

[1]. Al-Ga'fari, N. (1995). The programming industry in Jordan (K. Naser, Trans.). Al-Hasoob, issue 23. Amman, Jordan: Jordan Computer Society, 15.
[2]. Amman Financial Market. (1997). The Twentieth Annual Report. Amman, Jordan: Amman Financial Market.
[3]. Another Acquisition: Growth Gate Bought 30% of Rubicon, The Pixar of Arabia. (2009). Retrieved April 30, 2015, from http://arabcrunch.com/2009/10/anotheracquisition- growthgate-bought-30-of-rubicon-the-pixarof- arabia.html
[4]. Bennis, P. & Moushabeck, M. (1991). Beyond the Storm: A Gulf Crisis Reader. NY: Olive Branch Press, pp.236-237.
[5]. Central Bank of Jordan, (1998). Annual Report. Amman, Jordan: Central Bank of Jordan.
[6]. El-Uteibi, Y. (1994). Jordanian Returnees Profile. Amman, Jordan: Returnees Compensation Center, 1-25.
[7]. Gara, T. (2012). Tea with FT Middle East: Samih Toukan. The Financial Times. Retrieved April 30, 2015, from http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/8d8028c4-c9d5-11e1- 844e-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3lZc8TOQ1
[8]. Hodgetts, R.M. & Luthans, F. (3 ed.). (1991). International Management. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Education, 146.
[9]. International Monetary Fund, (1999). International Financial Statistical Yearbook. Washington DC: International Monetary Fund.
[10]. Jordan Computer Society, (1999). The REACH Initiative, Launching Jordan's Software and IT Services Industry: A Strategy and Action Plan. Amman, Jordan: Jordan Computer Society, 1.
[11]. Jordan's Department of Statistics, (1993). A Study of Jordanian Returnees from abroad between 10/8/1991- 31/12/1992. Amman, Jordan: Department of Statistics.
[12]. Jordan's Department of Statistics, (1998). National Accounts: 1952-1997. Amman, Jordan: Department of Statistics.
[13]. Jordan's Ministry of Industry & Trade, (1998). Listings of Registered Companies from 1/1/1930-15/9/1998. Amman, Jordan: Ministry of Industry & Trade.
[14]. Jordan's National Information Center & UNDP, (1997). Information Technology Industry in Jordan, National Seminar on Cyber Economy Proceedings 8-9 December 1997. Amman, Jordan: The Higher Council for Science and technology, 3.
[15]. Khasawneh, M.K. (1992). Foreign aid and development planning: Jordan as a case study, (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. AAT 9312024), iii.
[16]. Naser, K. (2000). The impact of Gulf War immigration on the growth of a private sector: The Information Technology (IT) industry in Jordan and the impact of government policies on the sector. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. AAT 9970023).
[17]. The Jordanian Society for the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, (1998). Jordanian Copyright Law No. 14 Year 1998. Amman, Jordan: The Jordanian Society for the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, 4.
[18]. The World Bank, (2015). Jordan Population, World Development Indicators. Retrieved Oct 16, 2015, from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?page=4 &cid=GPD_1
[19]. The World Bank, (1995). Jordan Private Sector Assessment. Report No. 14405-JO. Washington DC: World Bank.
[20]. U.S. Committee for Refugees, (1998). Country Report: Jordan, Worldwide Refugee Information. Retrieved August 28, 1998 from http://www.refugees.org/world/ countryrpt/mideast/jordan.html
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Online 15 15

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.