In this research work, a literature review was conducted by scanning the literature review of last 10 years. The literature review indicates that, the size of the unorganized manufacturing sector is very large with reference to its contribution in Indian economy and generated employment in the country. At the same time this sector is identified as a significant source of different types of wastes due to its ill articulated working. This research work is being taken up to identify the opportunities of efficiency improvement of India's unorganized manufacturing sector by the application of 5S methodology. As a result of comparison of organized and unorganized manufacturing sector, some facts were identified; in which unorganized manufacturing sector needs a considerable improvement as compared to the organized manufacturing sector. On the basis of this research work, it can be concluded that the size of the unorganized manufacturing sector is very huge from the point of view of turnover and its contribution to the Indian economy and manpower employed by the sector. It is necessary to understand, if the authors improve the energy efficiency by the infinitesimal amount of unorganized sector that may contribute equivalent to installation of mega power plant in the country. There is a scope of doing, a multiple of such infinitesimal improvements in energy efficiency and transportation system in the Indian unorganized manufacturing sector.