References
[1]. Biner, P.M., Bink, M.L. Hauffman, M.L., & Dean, R.S. (1995). Personality characteristics differencing and predicting the achievement of televised-course students and traditional course students. American Journal of Distance Education. pp. 46-60.
[2]. Carbonaro, Michael, at el (2006). A Comparison of DL' Performance Under Full-Time, Part-Time, and Online Conditions in an Undergraduate Nursing Microbiology Course, Journal of Distance Education, Revue De L'éducation À Distance, 21(1), 51-61.
[3]. Commonwealth of Learning/Asian Development Bank. (2003). Planning and management of open and distance learning. a distance education trainers toolkit. Canada. COL.
[4]. Dunlap, J. (1999). Providing Advising and support services to Distance learners: Helping Distance Learner connects with the university. In Collis B, Olliver R. (Eds), Proceedings of World conferences on Educational multimedia, hypermedia and Telecom-munications (pp. 1316 – 1317). Chesapeake , VA :AACE.
[5]. Edwards, R. (1996). Troubled times? Personal identity, distance education and open learning. Open Learning 11(1), 3-11.
[6]. Gibson, C. C. (1993). Toward a broader conceptualization of distance education. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical principles of distance education (pp. 80- 92). Oxford: Pergamon.
[7]. Hardy, D. (1999). Institutional guidance for the distance learner. In M. Boaz, E. Elliott, D. Foshee, D. Hardy, C. Jarmon, & D. Olcott, Teaching at a distance: A handbook for instructors (pp. 49-53). Mission Viejo, CA: Archipelago and League for Innovation in the Community College.
[8]. Keegan, D. (ed) (1993). Theoretical principles of distance education. London and New York: Routledge Kotey, B. & Anderson, P. (2006) Performance of Distance Learning DL in a Small Business Management Course, http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00400910610710065
[9]. Kotey, B. & Anderson, P. (2006)”Performance of Distance Learning DL in a Small Business Management Course”,http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00400910610710065
[10]. Kumar, A. (2001). An investigation into the India open University distance learners' academic self-concept, study habits and attitude toward distance education: A case study at the Indra Ghandi national open University in India. www.col.org/forum.PCFpapers/kumara.pdf.
[11]. Marland, P., Patching, W. & Putt, I. (1992). Thinking while studying: A process tracing study of distance learners. Distance Education 13(2), 195-217.
[12]. Moore, M.G. & Kearsley, G., (1996). Distance education. A systems view. Belmont, Ca.: Wadsworth Olcott,D., Jr (1997) Constructive enlightenment and the academic heritage: a response to Vivian Rossner-Merrill. Journal of Distance Education XII, ½, 271-275
[13]. Murray, C. B. (1983). Conception of Ability Achievement Motivation. In R. Ames & C. Ames (Eds.) Research on Motivation in Education: Vol 1: Student bMotivation. San Diego: Academic Press.
[14]. Ojokheta, K. O. (2000). Analysis of some predictors for motivating distance learners towards effective learning in some distance teaching institutions in Nigeria. Thesis. Education., Adult Education. University of Ibadan, Ibadan.
[15]. Oladejo, M. A. (2010). A path-analytic study of socio-psychological variables and academic performance of distance learners in Nigerian universities. Thesis. Education., Educational Management. University of Ibadan, Ibadan.
[16]. Peters, O. (1999). The paradigm shift in distance education and its meaning for teacher training. Indian Journal of Open Learning 8(1), 21-31.
[17]. UNESCO, (2001). Some Reflections on the Challenges facing Distance Education, Address by Mr. Koichiro Matsuura, Director General of UNESCO, at the Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Dehli 24 July.
[18]. Williams, G. C., & Deci, E. L. (1996). Internalization of biopsychosocial values by medical students: A test of self-determination theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 767-779.
[19]. Willis, Barry. (1992). “Strategies for Teaching Distance” http://www.ihets.org/consortium/ipse/ fdhandbook/inst_d.html