An Assessment on the Contribution of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) in the Prevention of the Risk of HIV and Other STI Infections: A Case Study of Mandala Village in T/A Malili, Lilongwe, Malawi

Freeza Jefutara*
Periodicity:October - December'2025

Abstract

Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) is a popular biomedical intervention employed to reduce the risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission. In Malawi, despite nationwide VMMC campaigns, uptake and community knowledge of its protective effect are still uneven, particularly in rural and peri-urban areas such as Madala Village under T/A Malili in Lilongwe. The research assessed the ability of VMMC to mitigate the risk of infection of HIV and other STIs among men of Madala Village. The purpose was to: (1) establish the correlation between VMMC and HIV infection risk reduction, (2) analyze its impact on the prevalence of other prevalent STIs, and (3) assess community awareness and attitudes towards the practice. The mixed-method, quasi-experimental research design was employed with 120 male subjects between 18–45 years. The subjects were grouped as circumcised and uncircumcised, with data collected from semi-structured questionnaires, health center registers, and key informant interviews. SPSS was used in analysis through descriptive and inferential tests to determine correlations and effect sizes. Findings revealed that circumcised men had significantly lower self-reported STI incidence and higher awareness of HIV prevention behavior among than their uncircumcised peers. Findings testified that VMMC greatly contributes to HIV risk avertion but must be preceded with continuous sexual health education and behavioral interventions. The study conclusion is that the integration of VMMC with comprehensive sexual health promotion enhances effectiveness in averting HIV and STI.

Keywords

Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision, HIV Prevention, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Public Health, and Lilongwe, Malawi.

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