This research considers the microstructural and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel SS316L through experimental investigation. The two metallic cylindrical specimens of SS316L were fabricated using a convention lath machine to machine parts and prepare tensile test specimens that comply with IS 1608 Part-1:2022, after which mechanical properties: yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, were tested using a Universal Testing Machine at such conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), was also taken to assess the grain structure, porosity, surface features characteristics of SS316L. In the end, SEM acknowledged the difference between the samples and considerable SEM microstructural differences were identified from prior mechanical working and processing techniques. Sample 1 was a normal equiaxed structure similarly as in annealed typical steel, sample 2 highlighted both elongated grains and particular deformation structure that indicates prior mechanical working. Mechanical performance featured also difference in the comparisons of strength and ductility. This confirms taking into account initial preparation technique may affect the final properties of SS316L.The scope of this study provides a direct comparative structure–property account of the SS316L and may lead further understanding of both elapsed time of machining and the type of treatment conveyance of mechanically working stainless steel components in engineering applications as performance characteristics are being designed.