Carbon materials have different types of voids, namely ordered or disordered pore diameters, interlayers (silt-like pores), and free volumes. In this study, the selective sugar adsorption behavior of carbon materials with different void types was investigated. In particular, the sugar adsorption behavior of nanoporous carbon (NPC) prepared from rice husks was investigated and compared with that of commercial activated carbon, polymer-like carbon (PLC), and polyethylene (PE). For this purpose, glucose, sucrose, and maltotriose solutions of different molecular weights were used. These results indicate that NPC selectively adsorbs sugar because of its unique micropore-filling phenomenon. These results indicate that NPC and related materials can be used for medical applications.