Blue pigment (BaCuSi4O10) has been a historically significant material used in art, ceramics, and optics. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled scientists to synthesize nanoscale blue pigment with enhanced properties, expanding its applications in biomedical imaging, photothermal conversion, and optoelectronic devices. This study reviews the historical context, developments in synthesis techniques, and novel applications of nanoscale blue. Methodologies such as hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel methods, and microwave-assisted fabrication are discussed. Furthermore, its nanotechnological applications, including optical materials, biomedical tagging, and high- performance pigments, are explored. Future research should focus on improving its environmental stability, biocompatibility, and integration with modern nanocomposites.