CHIRP SCALING ALGORITHM FOR ENHANCED SAR DATA PROCESSING USING FPGA

Ajay Kumar Dharmireddy*
Periodicity:January - June'2025

Abstract

The utilization of radar by self-illuminating remote sensing systems is expanding at a rapid rate, specifically in the realm of radar imagery. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is distinctive due to its exceptional characteristics, which render it exceptionally valuable in the fields of photo geometry, ground deformation monitoring, and seismic investigations. The primary objective of this endeavor is to enhance the processing of SAR data by creating a Chirp Scaling Algorithm (CSA), which is renowned for its adaptability and dependability. The algorithm applies a range Doppler approach to compress a generated chirp signal, with MATLAB serving as the validation environment. Hardware acceleration is required for computationally intensive operations like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)and complex data multiplication. To achieve this, Xilinx Vivado is utilized to propose and execute the necessary hardware acceleration using Artix-7 FPGA board. The primary objective of the paper is to substantially optimize processing efficiency. Initial evaluations have shown encouraging progress in terms of decreasing FFT execution time and increasing the speed of complex multiplication using modified Booth’s algorithm.

Keywords

Synthetic Radar Aperture (SAR), Chirp- Scaling Algorithm (CSA) , Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).

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