This paper presents an in-depth exploration of the evolution and performance analysis of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5.0 technology. Bluetooth has revolutionized wireless communication, and BLE 5.0 represents a significant advancement, promising enhanced performance, extended range, and improved interoperability. The evolution of Bluetooth from its early versions to BLE 5.0 is examined, highlighting key features and improvements in each. The architecture of BLE 5.0, including its hierarchical structure and layers, is discussed to provide insight into its design and functionality. Performance evaluations, including data transfer speeds, range capabilities, and power consumption, are conducted to assess the effectiveness of BLE 5.0 in various scenarios. Challenges such as compatibility issues with older devices and potential interference from other wireless technologies are identified, suggesting areas for further refinement and optimization. Future directions and challenges in Bluetooth technology, including advancements in data transfer speeds, range capabilities, security protocols, and energy efficiency, are also discussed.