This literature review explores the multitude of benefits associated with exclusive breastfeeding for both infants and mothers. It synthesizes evidence from various studies and emphasizes the importance of exclusive breastfeeding as a global public health strategy. The review covers the impacts on infant health, maternal well-being, and societal implications. This review talks about the aims and Scope of the Review and the background. Furthermore, it talks about the infant Health Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Nutritional Benefits, Immune system support, optimal growth and development, Immunological Advantages, Passive immunity, and, reduced risk of infections. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of chronic diseases like Obesity, Allergies, diabetes, and asthma. The maternal benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding are Postpartum Weight Loss and Uterine Contraction and reduced Risk of Maternal Health Issues like Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Societal Implications of Exclusive Breastfeeding are Reduced Healthcare Costs, Environmental Impact, Workforce Productivity, and Social and Cultural Influences. The Challenges and Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding Cultural and Societal Factors, Maternal Health Issues, and Workplace and Policy Challenges. Promoting and Supporting Exclusive Breastfeeding through Healthcare Provider Role, Workplace Policies and Support, Community Initiatives, and Global Efforts by WHO and UNICEF.