This review describes current knowledge on probiotic bacteriotherapy from the perspective of periodontal health. It has been shown that lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have a beneficial effect on periodontal diseases and a harmful effect on periodontal pathogens. Due to the increase in antibiotic drug resistance, the concept of bacteriotherapy is gaining popularity as an alternative to antibiotic therapy. The concept of bacteriotherapy is interesting and pertinent, and further research is needed. The idea of using non-pathogenic microorganisms to improve and replace pathogenic microorganisms was termed as replacement therapy or bacteriotherapy. Due to the increased incidence of drug resistance and opportunistic infections, bacteriotherapy, i.e., the use of probiotics, is gaining popularity worldwide. The idea of using probiotics dates back to the early 20th century by Nobel laureate Ilya Metchnikov. The term "probiotics" was first used in 1965 by Lilly and Stillwell (Probiotics in Greek means "for life"). In 2001, the WHO defined probiotics as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates used as a nutrient source by probiotic species in the gut that promote their establishment and extend their mode of action. It includes inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and galacto-oligosaccharides.