105 patients attending the Department of Periodontics at the Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital in Chennai-03 were screened and selected for the study. Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival bleeding index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level were measured. Based on the AAP-1999 classification, subjects were categorized into three groups: Control Group-A (n=35), Study Groups-B (Chronic periodontitis, n=35), and C (Aggressive periodontitis, n=35). Five milliliters of venous blood were drawn from the antecubital vein and transferred to a vacutainer containing EDTA. DNA was isolated by a nonenzymatic method, and the detection of DNA genotype was done using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with the enzyme Taq 1. The results were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and odds ratio. The presence of the 't' allele was found to be a risk indicator for the development of periodontal disease. The results showed a positive correlation between the genotype (tt, Tt) and the 't' allele with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, with a higher significance in chronic periodontitis ('tt' genotype = 71.4%, T allele = 82.8%) than in aggressive periodontitis and controls. Taq I VDR gene polymorphism is a strong indicator of susceptibility to chronic periodontitis.