Review on High Capacity Transmission with Multi Core Fibers

Pradeep Kumar Sharma*, Ashutosh Kumar Singh**, Manisha Yadav***, Sanjay Chauhan****
*-**** Department of Electronics and Communication, Institute of Engineering Technology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University Ayodhya, India.
Periodicity:July - December'2022
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.11.2.18973

Abstract

This paper describes cases where the new type of fiber called Multi-core fiber that can resolve the current Internet capacity transmission problems with low crosstalk and attenuation. India is a data-hungry country, and with the help of the Internet, it's moving towards a strong economy and a digital India. A few years ago, no one knew that such a type of digitalization would occur and India would participate in it so rapidly. Currently, the world is moving towards basic phones to Smart Phones, Broadband, Wi-Fi equipment, Over the Top Platforms, IT Hub formation, and much more internet traffic is ongoing, so transmission with standard single-core cable is very tough. Multi Core Fiber (MCF) can resolve this problem. This article, looks at all of the options for multi-core fibers, particularly trench-assisted multi-core fibers.

Keywords

Multi Core Fiber (MCF), Trench Assisted, Low Crosstalk, High Capacity Transmission, Long Length Transmission.

How to Cite this Article?

Sharma, P. K., Singh, A. K., Yadav, M., and Chauhan, S. (2022). Review on High Capacity Transmission with Multi Core Fibers. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 11(2), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.11.2.18973

References

[1]. Abouseif, A. (2020). Emerging DSP Techniques for Multi-Core Fiber Transmission Systems (Doctoral dissertation, Institut polytechnique de Paris).
[2]. Bayvel, P., Maher, R., Xu, T., Liga, G., Shevchenko, N. A., Lavery, D., & Killey, R. I. (2016). Maximizing the optical network capacity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2062), 20140440. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0440
[3]. Chandrasekhar, S., Gnauck, A. H., Liu, X., Winzer, P. J., Pan, Y., Burrows, E. C., & Dimarcello, F. V. (2012). WDM/SDM transmission of 10 x 128-Gb/s PDM-QPSK over 2688-km 7-core fiber with a per-fiber net aggregate spectral-efficiency distance product of 40,320 km b/s/Hz. Optics Express, 20(2), 706-711. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.000706
[4]. Desurvire, E. B. (2006). Capacity demand and technology challenges for lightwave systems in the next two decades. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 24(12), 4697-4710. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2006.885772
[5]. Essiambre, R. J., Kramer, G., Winzer, P. J., Foschini, G. J., & Goebel, B. (2010). Capacity limits of optical fiber networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 28(4), 662-701. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2009.2039464
[6]. Hayashi, T., Taru, T., Shimakawa, O., Sasaki, T., & Sasaoka, E. (2011, March). Ultra-low-crosstalk multi-core fiber feasible to ultra-long-haul transmission. In National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, (pp. PDPC2). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/NFOEC.2011.PDPC2
[7]. Hayashi, T., Taru, T., Shimakawa, O., Sasaki, T., & Sasaoka, E. (2012, September). Low-loss and large-Aeff multi-core fiber for SNR enhancement. In European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, (pp. Mo-1). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/ECEOC.2012.Mo.1.F.3
[8]. Imamura, K., Inaba, H., Mukasa, K., & Sugizaki, R. (2012, September). Multi core fiber with large Aeff of 140 μm2 and low crosstalk. In European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, (pp. Mo-1). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/ECEOC.2012.Mo.1.F.2
[9]. Imamura, K., Mukasa, K., & Sugizaki, R. (2011, September). Trench assisted multi-core fiber with large Aeff over 100 μm2 and low attenuation loss. In European Conference and Exposition on Optical Communications, (pp. Mo-1). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/ECOC.2011.Mo.1.LeCervin.1
[10]. Imamura, K., Mukasa, K., & Yagi, T. (2010, March). Investigation on multi-core fibers with large Aeff and low micro bending loss. In 2010 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC/NFOEC), collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, (pp. 1-3). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2010.OWK6
[11]. Imamura, K., Mukasa, K., Mimura, Y., & Yagi, T. (2009, March). Multi-core holey fibers for the longdistance (> 100 km) ultra large capacity transmission. In Optical Fiber Communication Conference, (pp. OTuC3). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2009.OTuC3
[12]. Inao, S., Sato, T., Sentsui, S., Kuroha, T., & Nishimura, Y. (1979, March). Multicore optical fiber. In Optical Fiber Communication Conference, (pp. WB1). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.1979.WB1
[13]. Jun, S., Yoshinari, A., Naoya, W., Atsushi, K., Tetsuya, K., Tetsuya, H., & Masayuki, W. (2011, March). 109-Tb/s (7x97x172-Gb/s SDM/WDM/PDM) QPSK transmission through 16.8-km homogeneous multi-core fiber. In National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2011.PDPB6
[14]. Matsuo, S., Sasaki, Y., Akamatsu, T., Ishida, I., Takenaga, K., Okuyama, K., & Kosihba, M. (2012). 12- core fiber with one ring structure for extremely large capacity transmission. Optics Express, 20(27), 28398-28408. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.028398
[15]. Matsuo, S., Takenaga, K., Arakawa, Y., Sasaki, Y., Taniagwa, S., Saitoh, K., & Koshiba, M. (2011). Largeeffective- area ten-core fiber with cladding diameter of about 200 μm. Optics Letters, 36(23), 4626-4628. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.36.004626
[16]. Mazurczyk, M., Foursa, D. G., Batshon, H. G., Zhang, H., Davidson, C. R., Cai, J. X., & Bergano, N. S. (2012, September). 30 Tb/s transmission over 6,630 km using 16QAM signals at 6.1 bits/s/Hz spectral efficiency. In European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, (pp. Th-3). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/ECEOC.2012.Th.3.C.2
[17]. Morley, J., Widdicks, K., & Hazas, M. (2018). Digitalisation, energy and data demand: The impact of Internet traffic on overall and peak electricity consumption. Energy Research & Social Science, 38, 128-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.01.018
[18]. Mukasa, K., Imamura, K., Tsuchida, Y., & Sugizaki, R. (2011, March). Multi-core fibers for large capacity SDM. In Optical Fiber Communication Conference, (pp. OWJ1). Optical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2011.OWJ1
[19]. Sakaguchi, J., Puttnam, B. J., Klaus, W., Awaji, Y., Wada, N., Kanno, A., & Watanabe, M. (2012a, March). 19-core fiber transmission of 19× 100× 172-Gb/s SDMWDM- PDM-QPSK signals at 305Tb/s. In In Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC), (pp. 1-3). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1364/NFOEC.2012.PDP5C.1
[20]. Sakaguchi, J., Puttnam, B. J., Klaus, W., Awaji, Y., Wada, N., Kanno, A., & Watanabe, M. (2012b). 305 Tb/s space division multiplexed transmission using homogeneous 19-core fiber. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 31(4), 554-562. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2012.2217373
[21]. Sano, A., Takara, H., Kobayashi, T., Kawakami, H., Kishikawa, H., Nakagawa, T., & Morioka, T. (2013). 409-Tb/s+ 409-Tb/s crosstalk suppressed bidirectional MCF transmission over 450 km using propagation-direction interleaving. Optics Express, 21(14), 16777-16783. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.016777
[22]. Stern, J. R., Ballance, J. W., Faulkner, D. W., Hornung, S., Payne, D. B., & Oakley, K. (1987). Passive optical local networks for telephony applications and beyond. Electronics Letters, 24(23), 1255-1256. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870872
[23]. Takahashi, H., Tsuritani, T., De Gabory, E. L. T., Ito, T., Peng, W. R., Igarashi, K., & Suzuki, M. (2013). First demonstration of MC-EDFA-repeatered SDM transmission of 40 x 128-Gbit/s PDM-QPSK signals per core over 6,160- km 7-core MCF. Optics Express, 21(1), 789-795. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.000789
[24] . Takara, H., Ono, H., Abe, Y., Masuda, H., Takenaga, K., Matsuo, S., & Miaymoto, Y. (2012). 1000-km 7-core fiber transmission of 10 x 96-Gb/s PDM-16QAM using Raman amplification with 6.5 W per fiber. Optics Express, 20(9), 10100-10105. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.010100
[25]. Takara, H., Sano, A., Kobayashi, T., Kubota, H., Kawakami, H., Matsuura, A., & Morioka, T. (2012, September). 1.01-Pb/s (12 SDM/222 WDM/456 Gb/s) crosstalk-managed transmission with 91.4-b/s/Hz aggregate spectral efficiency. In European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication, (pp. Th-3). Optical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1364/ECEOC.2012.Th.3.C.1
[26]. Takenaga, K., Arakawa, Y., Sasaki, Y., Tanigawa, S., Matsuo, S., Saitoh, K., & Koshiba, M. (2011b). A large effective area multi-core fiber with an optimized cladding thickness. Optics Express, 19(26), B543-B550. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.00B543
[27]. Takenaga, K., Arakawa, Y., Tanigawa, S., Guan, N., Matsuo, S., Saitoh, K., & Koshiba, M. (2011a, March). Reduction of crosstalk by trench-assisted multi-core fiber. In 2011 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, (pp. 1-3). IEEE.
[28]. Takenaga, K., Tanigawa, S., Guan, N., Matsuo, S., Saitoh, K., & Koshiba, M. (2010, March). Reduction of crosstalk by quasi-homogeneous solid multi-core fiber. In Optical Fiber Communication Conference, (pp. OWK7). Optical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1364/OFC.2010.OWK7
[29]. Zhu, B., Taunay, T. F., Fishteyn, M., Liu, X., Chandrasekhar, S., Yan, M. F., & Dimarcello, F. V. (2011). 112-Tb/s space-division multiplexed DWDM transmission with 14-b/s/Hz aggregate spectral efficiency over a 76.8- km seven-core fiber. Optics Express, 19(17), 16665-16671. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.016665
[30]. Zhu, B., Taunay, T. F., Fishteyn, M., Liu, X., Chandrasekhar, S., Yan, M. F., & Dziedzic, P. (2011, March). Space-, wavelength-, polarization-division multiplexed transmission of 56-Tb/s over a 76.8-km sevencore fiber. In National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, (p. PDPB7). Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/NFOEC.2011.PDPB7
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.