i-manager Publications

Dynamic Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Green Roofing in Buildings

Malik F. Elmzughi*, Zuhaira M. Alhafi**

*-** Department Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.

Periodicity:November - January'2022
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18539

Abstract

Enhancing energy efficiency and performance of the buildings and improving the air quality are acquisition during the cooling and heating seasons. According to the 2010 report by General Electricity Company of Libya, electrical energy consumption by residential sector account for approximately 39% of total demand in Libya. The green roof technologies in buildings are one of the main methods for using energy economically and reducing CO₂emission. The economic parameters such as the vegetation thickness and its thermal conductivity for the green roof, the electrical energy cost, coefficient of performance and EER all affect CO₂ emission and total cost of the buildings. This study focuses on the impact of these parameters on the application of green roofs as well as degerming the optimum vegetation thickness and thermal conductivity of vegetation layer. Tripoli's degree days were used as one of methods to achieve these calculations or the results. The green roof and mathematical models were performed to find energy savings, and payback, and CO₂ reductions. This study focuses on investigating these parameters that affect the green roof for external building based on life-cycle cost analysis (an economic model). As a result, the total cost increased from 6.7 to 23.05 $/m²; while CO₂ emission decreased from 2.5 to 1.52 kg/m²/years with increasing the electricity costs which includes the effects of Interest rate on CO₂ emission and total cost. Total cost decreased from 16.7 to 14.9 $/m²; while CO₂ emission increased from 1.85 to 1.94 kg/m²/years with increasing the Interest. An increase in COP (Coefficient of Performance) and EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) causes the CO₂ emission to decrease from 2.2 to 1.51 kg/m²/years and from 2.08 to 1.37 kg/m²/year and total cost to decrease from 18.3 to 12.9 $/m² and from 17.4 to 11.76 $/m². The total cost and CO₂ emission are increased from 13.7 to 16.5 $/m² and from 0.34 to 1.74 kg/m²/years with increasing the thermal conductivity of vegetation. And the effects of degree day on CO₂ emission and total cost, the total cost and CO₂ emission are decreased from 18.6 to 14.67 $/m² and from 2.45 to 1.55 kg/m²/years with increasing the degree day.

Keywords

Green Roofs, Building Energy Efficiency, CO₂ Emission, Total Cost

How to Cite this Article?

Elmzughi, M. F., and Alhafi, Z. M. (2022). Dynamic Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Green Roofing in Buildings. i-manager’s Journal on Mechanical Engineering, 12(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.26634/jme.12.1.18539

References

[1]. Banting, D., Doshi, H., Li, J., Missios, P., Au, A., Currie, B. A., & Verrati, M. (2005). Report on the environmental benefits and costs of green roof technology for the city of Toronto. Department of Architectural Science, Ryerson University,Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved from https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70526/1/MPRA_ paper_70526.pdf

[2]. Bilec, M., Ries, R., Matthews, H. S., & Sharrard, A. L. (2006). Example of a hybrid life-cycle assessment of construction processes. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 12(4), 207-215.

[3]. Castleton, H. F., Stovin, V., Beck, S. B., & Davison, J. B. (2010). Green roofs; building energy savings and the potential for retrofit. Energy and Buildings, 42(10), 1582- 1591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.05.004

[4]. Dombaycı, Ö. A. (2007). The environmental impact of optimum insulation thickness for external walls of buildings. Building and Environment, 42(11), 3855-3859.

[5]. Eddenjal, A. S. (2015). Dust/Sand Storms over Libya: Spatial Distribution, Frequency and Seasonality. Libyan National Meteorological Center, Tripoli, Libya, (pp. 1-19).

[6]. Fioretti, R., Palla, A., Lanza, L. G., & Principi, P. (2010). Green roof energy and water related performance in the Mediterranean climate. Building and Environment, 45(8), 1890-1904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010. 03.001

[7]. GECOL. (2010). Annual Report: Statistics. General Electricity Company of Libya, Tripoli.

[8]. Jaffal, I., Ouldboukhitine, S. E., & Belarbi, R. (2012). A comprehensive study of the impact of green roofs on building energy performance. Renewable Energy, 43, 157-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.12.004

[9]. Kaynakli, O. (2012). A review of the economical and optimum thermal insulation thickness for building applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(1), 415-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.006

[10]. Kosareo, L., & Ries, R. (2007). Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of green roofs. Building and Environment, 42(7), 2606-2613. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.06.019

[11]. MacIvor, J. S., & Lundholm, J. (2011). Performance evaluation of native plants suited to extensive green roof conditions in a maritime climate. Ecological Engineering, 37(3), 407-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.10.004

[12]. Mentens, J., Raes, D., & Hermy, M. (2006). Green roofs as a tool for solving the rainwater runoff problem in the urbanized 21^st century? Landscape and Urban Planning, 77(3), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan. 2005.02.010

[13]. OECD. (2008, February). Climate Change: Meeting the challenge to 2050. Policy Brief, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. Retrieved form https://www.oecd.org/env/39762914.pdf

[14]. Ouldboukhitine, S. E., Belarbi, R., Jaffal, I., & Trabelsi, A. (2011). Assessment of green roof thermal behavior: A coupled heat and mass transfer model. Building and Environment, 46(12), 2624-2631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. buildenv.2011.06.021

[15]. Snodgrass, E. C., & Snodgrass, L. L. (2006). Green roof plants: A resource and planting guide. Portland, OR: Timber Press.

[16]. Stovin, V., Vesuviano, G., & Kasmin, H. (2012). The hydrological performance of a green roof test bed under UK climatic conditions. Journal of Hydrology, 414, 148-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.022

[17]. Susca, T., Gaffin, S. R., & Dell'Osso, G. R. (2011). Positive effects of vegetation: Urban heat island and green roofs. Environmental Pollution, 159(8-9), 2119-2126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.007

[18]. Ucar, A., Inalli, M., & Balo, F. (2011). Application of three different methods for determination of optimum insulation thickness in external walls. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 30(4), 709-719. https://doi. org/10.1002/ep.10531

If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Single Article

	North Americas,UK, Middle East,Europe		India	Rest of world
	USD	EUR	INR	USD-ROW
Online	15	15

ADD TO CART

Options for accessing this content:

If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.